本文選題：雷達(dá)散射截面 + 矩量法　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：目標(biāo)電磁散射特性的研究對(duì)于雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、目標(biāo)隱身與反隱身技術(shù)研究、基于雷達(dá)回波信號(hào)的目標(biāo)識(shí)別研究等應(yīng)用都有極其重要的價(jià)值。目標(biāo)電磁散射特性的數(shù)據(jù)固然可以通過(guò)測(cè)量獲取,但是要求具備昂貴的測(cè)量設(shè)備、理想的測(cè)量環(huán)境,需要耗費(fèi)大量的人力、物力和財(cái)力,還需要較長(zhǎng)的測(cè)試周期,成本代價(jià)極高。相比之下,通過(guò)理論建模和數(shù)值模擬的途徑來(lái)分析目標(biāo)電磁散射特性則更加便捷,成本更低。因此如何快速高精度分析電大目標(biāo)電磁散射問(wèn)題是計(jì)算電磁學(xué)一直以來(lái)的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。本文在此背景下,緊密?chē)@提高計(jì)算精度和計(jì)算效率這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,對(duì)基于矩量法的多層特征基函數(shù)法及其改進(jìn)技術(shù)展開(kāi)研究,并將其應(yīng)用到電磁散射問(wèn)題的分析中。本文研究主要分為兩個(gè)部分,第一部分是從計(jì)算效率和計(jì)算精度這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題出發(fā),對(duì)多層特征基函數(shù)法及其改進(jìn)技術(shù)展開(kāi)研究;第二部分對(duì)特征基函數(shù)法的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。提出一種融合特征基函數(shù)法,并應(yīng)用該方法快速精確分析多激勵(lì)入射下導(dǎo)體目標(biāo)電磁散射特性。在第一部分中,針對(duì)特征基函數(shù)法在分析電大導(dǎo)體目標(biāo)電磁散射特性時(shí),為了控制子域的個(gè)數(shù),每個(gè)子域中未知量數(shù)目就不得不增加,從而使得特征基函數(shù)生成過(guò)程非常耗時(shí)的問(wèn)題,首先將基于Foldy-Lax多徑散射方程的單層特征基函數(shù)法擴(kuò)展為多層特征基函數(shù)法,以此來(lái)提高未知量的壓縮率;同時(shí)采用自適應(yīng)交叉近似法對(duì)每一層的阻抗矩陣進(jìn)行壓縮填充,加速縮減矩陣的構(gòu)造。數(shù)值結(jié)果顯示該方法可以有效提高計(jì)算效率降低內(nèi)存需求。其次,提出了一種快速精確的基于多層特征基函數(shù)法的混合方法。在混合方法中,提出一種修正的快速偶極子法來(lái)改善傳統(tǒng)快速偶極子法的計(jì)算效率和計(jì)算精度;隨后將修正的快速偶極子法與自適應(yīng)交叉近似法及等效偶極子法相結(jié)合來(lái)提高多層特征基函數(shù)法的計(jì)算效率。應(yīng)用修正的快速偶極子法后,次要特征基函數(shù)的生成和縮減矩陣的構(gòu)造更加高效,結(jié)果也更加精確。當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)組判距條件變得苛刻以此來(lái)獲得更精確的結(jié)果時(shí),由于中間場(chǎng)的阻抗矩陣運(yùn)用了自適應(yīng)交叉近似法進(jìn)行壓縮,使得整個(gè)混合方法計(jì)算效率得以進(jìn)一步提高,內(nèi)存需求進(jìn)一步減少。數(shù)值結(jié)果不僅證明修正的快速偶極子法可以有效減少計(jì)算時(shí)間和減小相對(duì)誤差,還證明了在給定的相同遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)組判距條件下,混合方法可以提高計(jì)算效率降低內(nèi)存需求。在第二部分中,針對(duì)特征基函數(shù)法在多激勵(lì)入射導(dǎo)體目標(biāo)電磁散射問(wèn)題分析中的應(yīng)用,提出一種融合特征基函數(shù)法。首先,新定義一種改進(jìn)的主要特征基函數(shù),將周?chē)佑虻挠绊懣紤]進(jìn)每個(gè)子域的主要特征基函數(shù)中,丟棄一階次要特征基的同時(shí)采用高階特征基來(lái)提高最終結(jié)果的精確度。因?yàn)槊恳粋�(gè)特征基函數(shù)中都考慮了子域與子域之間的互耦效應(yīng),所以只需要極少數(shù)量的入射平面波就可以獲得具有較高精度的結(jié)果,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)精度與效率的同步提高。最后對(duì)多層特征基函數(shù)法及其改進(jìn)技術(shù)進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析,并對(duì)未來(lái)研究工作方向進(jìn)行展望。
[Abstract]:The study of the target electromagnetic scattering characteristics is of great value to the design of radar system, the research of target stealth and anti stealth technology and the research on target recognition based on radar echo signal. The data of the target electromagnetic scattering characteristics can be obtained by measurement, but it is required to have expensive measurement equipment and ideal measurement. The environment requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. It also requires a long period of test, and the cost cost is very high. In contrast, it is more convenient and lower cost to analyze the target electromagnetic scattering by theoretical modeling and numerical simulation. Therefore, how to analyze the electromagnetic scattering problem of the large target fast and high precision is the computational electromagnetics. In this background, this paper focuses on two key problems of improving computing precision and computing efficiency, and studies the multi-layer characteristic base function method based on moment method and its improved technology, and applies it to the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering problem. This paper is divided into two parts, the first part From the two problems of computational efficiency and calculation accuracy, the multi-layer characteristic basis function method and its improved technology are studied. The second part extends the application of the characteristic basis function method. A fusion characteristic basis function method is proposed, and the method is applied to analyze the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the conductor target quickly and accurately. In order to control the number of subdomains, the number of unknown quantities in each subdomain has to be increased in order to control the number of subdomains in the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the electrically large conductor targets in the part, which makes the generation of the feature base function very time-consuming. First, the single layer characteristic basis function method based on the Foldy-Lax multipath scattering equation is extended to be the first one. The multi-layer characteristic base function method is used to improve the compression rate of the unknown quantity. At the same time, the adaptive cross approximation method is used to compress the impedance matrix of each layer and accelerate the construction of the matrix. The numerical results show that the method can effectively improve the computational efficiency and reduce the memory requirement. Secondly, a fast and accurate multi layer based on multilayer is proposed. In the hybrid method, a modified fast dipole method is proposed to improve the computational efficiency and calculation accuracy of the traditional fast dipole method. Then the modified fast dipole method is combined with the adaptive cross approximation method and the equivalent dipole method to improve the computational efficiency of the multi-layer characteristic base function method. When the modified fast dipole method is applied, the construction of the secondary feature base function is more efficient and the result is more accurate. When the distance condition becomes more rigorous to obtain more accurate results, the impedance matrix of the intermediate field is compressed by the adaptive cross approximation method, which makes the whole mixing method. The computational efficiency is further improved and the memory demand is further reduced. The numerical results not only prove that the modified fast dipole method can effectively reduce the calculation time and reduce the relative error, but also proves that the hybrid method can improve the calculation efficiency to reduce the memory demand in the given distance of the same far field. In the second part, the needle is used. In this paper, a fusion characteristic basis function method is proposed for the application of the characteristic basis function method in the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering of multiple exciting incident conductor targets. First, a new improved main feature base function is defined, and the influence of the surrounding subdomains is taken into account in the main feature base functions of each subdomain, and the first secondary feature base is discarded and the higher order is adopted. The feature base improves the accuracy of the final result. Because each characteristic base function takes into account the mutual coupling effect between the subdomain and the subdomain, only a few number of incident plane waves can be obtained with high precision, so that the accuracy and efficiency can be improved synchronously. Finally, the multi-layer characteristic base function method and its modification are made. The technology is summarized and analyzed, and the future research direction is prospected.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN011

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