本文選題：北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng) + 低噪聲放大器　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文主要介紹的是北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中低噪聲放大器(Low Noise Amplifier,LNA)和微帶天線的設(shè)計(jì)研究,以及基于低噪聲放大器的有源天線的初步研究。文中研究了基于低噪聲晶體管放大器和集成芯片的低噪聲放大器,設(shè)計(jì)了偏置電路,匹配電路,實(shí)現(xiàn)了低功耗、低噪聲、高增益的指標(biāo)要求。同時(shí),設(shè)計(jì)一款應(yīng)用于北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的微帶天線,法向以及低仰角的性能良好。并完成了基于低噪聲放大器的有源天線的仿真和測試。本文首先對低噪聲放大器的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行闡述,如:二端口網(wǎng)絡(luò),匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò),傳輸線理論以及噪聲等相關(guān)理論。根據(jù)指標(biāo)要求設(shè)計(jì)了一款北斗二代B3頻段(1268MHz±10MHz)的高增益低電流的兩級低噪聲放大器,第一級采用噪聲性能好、偏置電流小的E-PHEMT低噪聲放大晶體管,第二級采用增益性能好、偏置電流小的集成MMIC低噪聲放大芯片,設(shè)計(jì)中采用LC元件設(shè)計(jì)匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò),通過引入源極負(fù)反饋提高放大器穩(wěn)定性以及調(diào)節(jié)電壓駐波比和噪聲系數(shù)。通過ADS原理圖與Momentum版圖的聯(lián)合仿真,驗(yàn)證射頻PCB設(shè)計(jì)的可行性。最后進(jìn)行加工,焊接,測試以及調(diào)試。另外設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于MMIC的兩級低噪聲放大器,工作頻段L波段,采用LC元件進(jìn)行匹配電路的設(shè)計(jì),在滿足噪聲系數(shù)指標(biāo)的要求下,以更高的增益和更低的偏置電流來實(shí)現(xiàn),最終覆蓋L波段的多個(gè)常用頻段。其次設(shè)計(jì)了一款應(yīng)用于北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的右旋圓極化微帶天線,工作頻率為北斗二代B3頻段(1.268GHz±10MHz),采用3dB分支線耦合器進(jìn)行雙饋以實(shí)現(xiàn)右旋圓極化,并在輻射貼片中引入短路金屬孔,改善軸比和和阻抗性能。最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了低仰角性能良好的右旋圓極化微帶天線。然后對基于低噪聲放大器的有源天線進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)嘗試,首先設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)B3頻段的單級低噪聲放大器,以背饋的方式與天線進(jìn)行集成,并對其進(jìn)行接收性能測試對比。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly introduces the design and research of low Noise amplifiers (LNA) and microstrip antennas in Beidou Satellite Navigation system, as well as the preliminary research of active antennas based on LNA. In this paper, the low noise amplifier based on low noise transistor amplifier and integrated chip is studied. The bias circuit and matching circuit are designed to achieve the requirements of low power consumption, low noise and high gain. At the same time, a microstrip antenna for Beidou navigation system is designed, which has good performance in normal direction and low elevation. The simulation and test of active antenna based on LNA are completed. In this paper, the related theories of LNA, such as two-port network, matching network, transmission line theory and noise theory, are introduced. A two-stage low-noise amplifier with high gain and low current is designed for Beidou second generation B3 band (1268MHz 鹵10MHz). The first stage uses E-PHEMT low noise amplifier with good noise performance, the bias current is small, and the second stage adopts good gain performance. In the design of integrated MMIC low noise amplifier chip with low bias current, LC element is used to design matching network. The stability of amplifier is improved by introducing source negative feedback, and voltage standing wave ratio and noise coefficient are adjusted. The feasibility of RF PCB design is verified by the simulation of ADS schematic diagram and Momentum layout. Finally, machining, welding, testing and debugging. In addition, a two-stage low-noise amplifier based on MMIC is designed. In L band, LC element is used to design the matching circuit, which can be realized with higher gain and lower bias current under the requirement of noise coefficient. The final coverage of the L band of a number of commonly used bands. Secondly, a right-handed circularly polarized microstrip antenna used in Beidou navigation system is designed. The frequency is 1.268 GHz 鹵10 MHz zn in the Beidou second generation B3 band. The 3dB branch line coupler is used to double feed to realize right-handed circular polarization, and a short-circuit metal hole is introduced into the radiation patch. Improved shaft ratio and impedance performance. Finally, the right circular polarized microstrip antenna with good low elevation angle is realized. Then, an active antenna based on LNA is designed. First, a single stage LNA in B3 band is designed. The antenna is integrated with the antenna by backfeed, and the receiver performance is tested and compared.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN722.3
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本文編號：1861831