本文選題：半導(dǎo)體量子點(diǎn) + 量子位��； 參考：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：量子計(jì)算是近年來(lái)是國(guó)際上最熱門的研究前沿課題之一,實(shí)現(xiàn)量子計(jì)算的最大挑戰(zhàn)是多量子位的操縱。在操縱量子位的物理系統(tǒng)中,半導(dǎo)體量子點(diǎn)以其成熟的半導(dǎo)體制作工藝和良好的可擴(kuò)展性贏得了人們的廣泛關(guān)注和研究。在半導(dǎo)體量子點(diǎn)的量子位狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移研究中,物理學(xué)家已經(jīng)能夠利用LZS (Landau-Zener-Stiicklberge)干涉原理設(shè)計(jì)出實(shí)現(xiàn)量子位狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移的控制外場(chǎng)。在系統(tǒng)控制理論中,量子李雅普諾夫控制方法經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展,已在量子系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)制備與操縱方面取得了顯著的成果,如疊加態(tài)的制備、狀態(tài)軌跡跟蹤、基于李雅普諾夫方法的最優(yōu)控制和開關(guān)控制的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移等。 本論文應(yīng)用李雅普諾夫控制方法,為半導(dǎo)體雙量子點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)出滿足實(shí)際物理系統(tǒng)和脈沖發(fā)生器要求的控制律,實(shí)現(xiàn)雙量子點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)量子位的高性能狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移,并通過系統(tǒng)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證所設(shè)計(jì)控制律的有效性和實(shí)用性。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容分兩部分： 1.基于李雅普諾夫控制方法的二能級(jí)雙量子點(diǎn)量子位超快操縱。首先研究半導(dǎo)體雙量子點(diǎn)物理系統(tǒng),學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)哈密頓量模型,利用開放馬爾科夫系統(tǒng)模型研究系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)演化規(guī)律。然后基于李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性定理,針對(duì)雙量子點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)出保證系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)進(jìn)行快速轉(zhuǎn)移的控制律；利用Matlab進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證所設(shè)計(jì)控制律的有效性。最后將基于李雅普諾夫控制方法的量子位狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移性能與基于LZS干涉原理的性能進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,通過對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果得出結(jié)論：在李雅普諾夫控制場(chǎng)作用下系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)從|R轉(zhuǎn)移到|L的性能較LZS干涉原理的性能相比具有更高狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移概率和更短狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)間；李雅普諾夫控制場(chǎng)能夠?qū)顟B(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移過程中消相干引起的耗散進(jìn)行有效地補(bǔ)償,使系統(tǒng)對(duì)消相干有較強(qiáng)的魯棒性,系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移能獲得較高的保真度；量子李雅普諾夫控制方法設(shè)計(jì)的控制場(chǎng)比LZS干涉原理設(shè)計(jì)的控制場(chǎng)有明顯的優(yōu)越性。 2.可實(shí)現(xiàn)的李雅普諾夫操縱方法的設(shè)計(jì)。最初利用李雅普諾夫控制方法設(shè)計(jì)出的控制律從理論上證實(shí)了此方法能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)半導(dǎo)體量子點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移,然而由于實(shí)際物理系統(tǒng)和激光脈沖發(fā)生器的性能限制,需要對(duì)此方法設(shè)計(jì)的控制律進(jìn)行改進(jìn)才能應(yīng)用于實(shí)際實(shí)驗(yàn)。首先再次考察半導(dǎo)體雙量子點(diǎn)物理系統(tǒng)的限制條件和激光脈沖發(fā)生器的性能參數(shù),規(guī)劃所設(shè)計(jì)的控制律應(yīng)具有的具體形式。然后基于李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性定理對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的控制律進(jìn)行改進(jìn),得到便于在實(shí)際實(shí)驗(yàn)中實(shí)現(xiàn)的控制律具體形式。在Matlab中驗(yàn)證在改進(jìn)控制場(chǎng)作用下系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移性能,并與基于LZS干涉原理的性能進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。系統(tǒng)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了不同控制參數(shù)條件下系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移性能和控制律的形式,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：在滿足Agilent81134A脈沖發(fā)生器最小上升時(shí)間～75ps和Tektronix AWG70000A脈沖發(fā)生器最小上升時(shí)間～20ps的前提下,所設(shè)計(jì)的控制場(chǎng)能保證系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移概率分別達(dá)到在～85%和～96%以上；系統(tǒng)的保真度能提高到94%以上；與基于LZS干涉原理實(shí)現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移的性能相比,本論文基于李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性定理設(shè)計(jì)出的改進(jìn)控制場(chǎng)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移性能有明顯的優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:Quantum computation is one of the most popular research topic internationally in recent years, the biggest challenge to realize quantum computation is the manipulation of multi qubit qubit system. In the physical manipulation of semiconductor quantum dots in mature semiconductor fabrication and good scalability of won wide attention and research in semiconductor quantum people. The qubit state transfer study, physicists have been able to use LZS (Landau-Zener-Stiicklberge) is designed to realize the control principle of interference field qubit state transition. The system control theory, quantum Lyapunov control method after years of development, has made remarkable achievements in the state of preparation and manipulation of quantum systems, such as the superposition state preparation, trajectory tracking, optimal control and switch control Lyapunov method based on state transition.
The application of Lyapunov control method for semiconductor double quantum dot system designed to meet the actual physical system and pulse generator control law requirements of the state to achieve high performance double quantum dot qubit transfer, and through simulation experiments verify the effectiveness and practicability of the design of control laws. The main research content is divided into two parts:
1. Lyapunov based control method for two level double quantum dot qubit ultrafast manipulation. First study the double quantum dot semiconductor physics system, learning system Hamiltonian model, using Markov system open research system model evolution. Then based on Lyapunov stability theorem, the double quantum dot system is designed to ensure the rapid transfer of control law the state of the system; the use of Matlab system simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the control law. The transfer properties of the Lyapunov control method based on the qubit state and performance of LZS interference based on the principle of comparative analysis, by comparing the experimental results concluded that: in the Lyapunov control system state transition field from |R to |L the performance is better than the performance of the LZS interference principle compared with higher transfer state probability and state transition time shorter Ivanov; control Lyapunov field can effectively compensate for the dissipation caused by coherent state transition in the process of elimination, the system of decoherence has a strong robustness, the system state transfer can obtain high fidelity; quantum control design method of control Lyapunov field ratio control principle of LZS interferometer design field superiority the obvious.
2. design can realize the Lyapunov control method. Using the initial control Lyapunov control method designed theoretically proved this method can realize the semiconductor quantum dot system state transition, but due to the actual physical system and the laser pulse generator can limit, need to control law design method was improved in this regard can be used in the actual experiment. First, we investigate semiconductor double quantum dot system physical constraints and laser pulse generator performance parameters, the concrete form of control law design planning should have. Then the Lyapunov stability theorem to improve the control law based on the design, we have obtained the control law of the realization in the actual experiment the in Matlab testing to improve the control field under the action of the state transition of the system performance, and the performance of LZS based on the interference principle Comparison and analysis. System simulation experiments on different control parameters of the system under the condition of the state transfer and control law, the experimental results show that the Agilent81134A meet the minimum rise time of pulse generator and Tektronix pulse generator AWG70000A ~ 75ps ~ 20ps minimum rise time, the design of the control system can guarantee the state transfer the probability reached above 85% and in ~ ~ 96%; the system fidelity can increase to more than 94%; compared with the performance of the LZS interference principle realization based on state transition, the transfer has obvious advantages to improve the performance of control Li Yapu Lyapunov stability theorem to design field based on the state.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：O471.1

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本文編號(hào)：1733129