本文選題：激光三角測頭　切入點：FPGA　出處：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：激光三角測頭是一種基于激光位移三角法的非接觸式測量裝置,具有測量精度高、測量效率高和易于便攜等優(yōu)點,因而被廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)檢測領(lǐng)域。制約其性能提升的關(guān)鍵因素在于對被測物體表面激光光條的圖像采集與處理。因此,對于整個測量裝置的圖像進行實時采集、處理及顯示技術(shù)的研究至關(guān)重要。根據(jù)實際需求,本文基于FPGA平臺構(gòu)建了一套相對簡單的激光三角測頭測量系統(tǒng),對切割工件表面的輪廓檢測進行了相關(guān)探究。首先,基于激光三角測量原理,對如何求解物體表面任意一點的二維坐標進行了理論推導(dǎo);其次,完成了基于FPGA的圖像采集與處理平臺的軟硬件設(shè)計:通過CCD工業(yè)相機對圖像進行實時采集,采用SDRAM控制器對圖像進行存儲,利用VGA對采集和處理后的圖像進行實時顯示,設(shè)計了基于UDP協(xié)議的千兆以太網(wǎng)用于圖像數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸及與PC機之間的交互通信;再次,對采集的圖像進行前期處理以及激光光條中心提取算法的硬件實現(xiàn)。最后,對整個測量系統(tǒng)進行標定,并對切割工件模型進行表面輪廓測量與結(jié)果分析。通過把測量結(jié)果與工件的實際尺寸進行比對,實現(xiàn)了預(yù)期的設(shè)計要求,為以后在該領(lǐng)域作進一步的研究奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Laser triangulation probe is a non-contact measuring device based on laser displacement triangulation, which has the advantages of high measuring precision, high measuring efficiency and easy to carry. Therefore, it is widely used in the field of industrial detection. The key factor restricting the improvement of its performance lies in the image acquisition and processing of the laser light strip on the surface of the object being measured. Therefore, the image of the whole measuring device is collected in real time. The research of processing and display technology is very important. According to the actual demand, this paper constructs a relatively simple laser triangulation probe measuring system based on FPGA platform, and probes into the profile detection of cutting workpiece surface. Based on the theory of laser triangulation, the two-dimensional coordinates of any point on the surface of an object are derived theoretically. Secondly, The software and hardware design of the image acquisition and processing platform based on FPGA is completed: the real time image is collected by CCD industrial camera, the image is stored by SDRAM controller, and the acquired and processed image is displayed in real time by VGA. Gigabit Ethernet based on UDP protocol is designed for image data transmission and interactive communication with PC. Thirdly, the pre-processing of collected images and the hardware implementation of laser optical strip center extraction algorithm are implemented. The whole measurement system is calibrated, and the surface profile of the cutting workpiece model is measured and analyzed. By comparing the measurement results with the actual size of the workpiece, the expected design requirements are achieved. It lays a solid foundation for further research in this field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP391.41;TN791
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本文編號：1673226