發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-27 16:56

  本文選題：激光　切入點(diǎn)：控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：激光技術(shù)作為新興的高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,以其定向發(fā)光、亮度極高、顏色極純、能量極大等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在光、機(jī)、電、材料和檢測(cè)等多門(mén)學(xué)科上都有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。受到現(xiàn)代科技水平發(fā)展的限制,便攜可靠的高功率激光器還處在研發(fā)階段,這給激光技術(shù)在某些領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用帶來(lái)了一定的約束。一種可行的解決方法是疊加多束激光的能量,使功率提高一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。本文研究多激光束調(diào)焦與準(zhǔn)直系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),該系統(tǒng)提供一種可搭載多個(gè)激光器的物理框架,通過(guò)多個(gè)三維線性平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)多束激光光路的獨(dú)立控制,達(dá)到激光準(zhǔn)直和調(diào)焦的目的。本文著重描述上述系統(tǒng)的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)、控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和軟件實(shí)現(xiàn),對(duì)于多平臺(tái)協(xié)同控制領(lǐng)域具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)參考意義。首先,本文給出了多激光束調(diào)焦與準(zhǔn)直系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案。針對(duì)系統(tǒng)要求的0.022mm的靜態(tài)定位精度和0.11mm的動(dòng)態(tài)跟蹤誤差,給出了系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)的需求;針對(duì)系統(tǒng)要求的50Hz的控制周期和調(diào)焦平臺(tái)和準(zhǔn)直平臺(tái)的手動(dòng)、自動(dòng)控制要求,給出了軟件總體方案和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。其次,進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)硬件的選型和性能校驗(yàn)。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)限制和性能要求,選擇了由VP-25XA高精度線性平臺(tái)和PM-012線性平臺(tái)組合而成的三維線性平臺(tái)作為準(zhǔn)直平臺(tái)的執(zhí)行器,LAC320音圈電機(jī)作為調(diào)焦平臺(tái)的執(zhí)行器。通過(guò)參數(shù)校驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了執(zhí)行器能夠滿足系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)性能要求,保證了硬件選擇的合理性和系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性。再次,為了滿足系統(tǒng)的位置跟蹤要求,對(duì)LAC320音圈電機(jī)進(jìn)行了控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。研究了速度環(huán)、位置環(huán)雙閉環(huán)控制策略,設(shè)計(jì)了PID控制器,并分析了校正后的速度環(huán)和位置環(huán)的階躍響應(yīng)特性曲線,以及二者對(duì)固定信號(hào)的跟蹤性能曲線。最后,設(shè)計(jì)了上位機(jī)軟件。軟件主體利用C++語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě),利用xml語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行關(guān)鍵信息存儲(chǔ),利用MFC類庫(kù)實(shí)現(xiàn)界面繪制,利用libxml2.dll類庫(kù)進(jìn)行xml文件的操作。算法方面,利用了AC算法提高了數(shù)據(jù)解析的效率,并改進(jìn)了存儲(chǔ)空間利用率;利用基于HASH表的快速查表法減少了開(kāi)環(huán)調(diào)焦功能的執(zhí)行時(shí)間;利用爬山算法和二分法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了閉環(huán)調(diào)焦功能,并提高了其執(zhí)行效率。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,上位機(jī)功能全部實(shí)現(xiàn),算法有效。本文側(cè)重于給出一個(gè)比較完整的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)流程,敘述了系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵部分的設(shè)計(jì)思路和詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)方法,通過(guò)分塊測(cè)試,驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)各部分設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,本文開(kāi)展的多激光束調(diào)焦與準(zhǔn)直系統(tǒng)的方案設(shè)計(jì)研究,實(shí)現(xiàn)了多激光束的調(diào)焦與準(zhǔn)直的功能,并達(dá)到了控制精度要求和控制周期要求,較好的滿足了設(shè)計(jì)需求。
[Abstract]:Laser technology as a new high-tech field, with its directional luminous, high brightness, extremely pure color, great energy and other advantages, in light, machine, electricity, Materials and testing are widely used in many fields. Limited by the development of modern science and technology, portable and reliable high power lasers are still in the research and development stage. This brings some constraints to the application of laser technology in some fields. One feasible solution is to stack the energy of multi-beam laser and increase the power by an order of magnitude. In this paper, the design and implementation of multi-beam focusing and collimation system are studied. The system provides a physical framework for carrying multiple lasers and realizes the independent control of multi-beam laser path through multiple three-dimensional linear platforms. The aim of laser collimation and focusing is achieved. The hardware implementation of the system is described emphatically in this paper. The design of the control system and the realization of the software have certain practical reference significance for the multi-platform collaborative control field. First of all, In this paper, the overall design scheme of multi-laser beam focusing and collimating system is given, and the hardware design requirements of the system are given according to the static positioning accuracy of 0.022mm and the dynamic tracking error of 0.11mm. According to the control period of 50Hz and the manual and automatic control requirements of focusing platform and collimation platform, the overall software scheme and implementation method are given. The hardware selection and performance check of the system are carried out. According to the structure limitation and performance requirement of the system, The 3D linear platform composed of VP-25XA high precision linear platform and PM-012 linear platform is selected as the actuator of collimating platform, and the LAC 320 voice coil motor is used as the actuator of the focusing platform. It is verified that the actuator can satisfy the static and dynamic performance requirements of the system, and ensure the rationality of hardware selection and the possibility of system implementation. Thirdly, in order to meet the requirements of position tracking of the system, The control system of LAC320 voice coil motor is designed. The speed loop and position loop double closed loop control strategy are studied, the PID controller is designed, and the step response characteristic curves of the corrected speed loop and position loop are analyzed. Finally, the upper computer software is designed. The main body of the software is written in C language, the key information is stored by xml language, and the interface is drawn by MFC class library. The libxml2.dll class library is used to operate the xml file. In the algorithm, AC algorithm is used to improve the efficiency of data parsing and the utilization of storage space is improved, and the fast lookup table method based on HASH table is used to reduce the execution time of the open loop focusing function. By using mountain climbing algorithm and dichotomy, the closed-loop focusing function is realized, and its execution efficiency is improved. The experiment shows that the upper computer function is all realized and the algorithm is effective. The design idea and detailed design method of the key parts of the system are described. The rationality of the design of each part of the system is verified by block test. The test results show that the scheme design of the multi-laser beam focusing and collimating system is studied in this paper. The functions of focusing and collimation of multi-laser beams are realized, and the requirements of control precision and control cycle are achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN249
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本文編號(hào)：1672399