本文選題：文丘里泥　切入點(diǎn)：碲化銅渣　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對(duì)目前銅陽(yáng)極泥熱壓酸浸-卡爾多爐處理過(guò)程中,熱壓浸出液沉淀銅形成的碲化銅渣和卡爾多爐熔煉收塵產(chǎn)生的文丘里泥存在著高值化利用程度低、文丘里泥處理難度大、有價(jià)金屬回收率低等問(wèn)題,本文以碲化銅渣和文丘里泥為研究對(duì)象,結(jié)合在銅陽(yáng)極泥卡爾多爐處理過(guò)程中碲的分布情況,據(jù)此規(guī)律開(kāi)展碲化銅渣高值化利用、文丘里泥開(kāi)路回收碲工藝研究,提出文丘里泥-碲化銅渣聯(lián)合處理,完善銅陽(yáng)極泥卡爾多爐處理工藝。通過(guò)分析各物質(zhì)賦存狀態(tài),碲化銅渣中銅、碲以化合物形式結(jié)合,據(jù)此確定了硫酸化焙燒-水浸-堿浸-除雜-沉碲的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案。采用濃硫酸與碲化銅渣混勻后焙燒,系統(tǒng)考察了濃硫酸加入量、焙燒時(shí)間、焙燒溫度、氧氣氛圍對(duì)焙燒效果的影響,并通過(guò)水浸除去焙燒產(chǎn)生的硫酸銅雜質(zhì)。結(jié)果表明,在濃硫酸加入量為理論量的1.4倍,焙燒溫度450℃,爐門開(kāi)啟狀態(tài)下焙燒時(shí)間0.5 h條件下,銅、碲浸出率分別為65.53%、0.11%;通過(guò)對(duì)水浸渣物相分析,選擇堿浸工藝回收其中碲。采用氫氧化鈉處理水浸渣,系統(tǒng)地考察了氫氧化鈉濃度、浸出溫度、浸出時(shí)間、液固比對(duì)浸出效果的影響。結(jié)果表明,在浸出溫度60℃,氫氧化鈉濃度為100 g·L~(-1),液固比5:1條件下反應(yīng)0.5 h,銅、碲浸出率分別達(dá)到8.00%、97.88%。通過(guò)對(duì)各物質(zhì)賦存狀態(tài)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明文丘里泥成分復(fù)雜。采用堿性浸出體系處理文丘里泥,系統(tǒng)考察了氫氧化鈉浸出文丘里泥,考察了氫氧化鈉濃度、浸出溫度、浸出時(shí)間、液固比對(duì)堿浸過(guò)程的影響。在氫氧化鈉濃度60 g·L~(-1)、溫度60℃、液固比5:1、浸出時(shí)間1 h的較優(yōu)條件下浸出文丘里泥,碲浸出率達(dá)到96.10%。在較優(yōu)條件下通過(guò)二段堿浸工藝處理文丘里泥,可有效抑制雜質(zhì)鉛的浸出,碲浸出率達(dá)到96.60%,鉛浸出率低至3.73%。依據(jù)上述較優(yōu)條件,對(duì)文丘里泥處理進(jìn)行擴(kuò)大化實(shí)驗(yàn)。擴(kuò)大實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,通過(guò)采用二段堿浸工藝處理文丘里泥工藝簡(jiǎn)單可行,環(huán)境友好,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益顯著。將二氧化碲粗產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行分析后,采用氫氧化鈉溶液溶解,制得用于電解碲產(chǎn)品的碲酸鈉溶液。在電流密度80 A·m~(-2)、電解液流速30 ml·h-1、同極距5cm、室溫條件下進(jìn)行電解,可得到純度為99.76%的陰極碲產(chǎn)品,電流效率為95.5%。本課題為完善銅陽(yáng)極泥卡爾多爐處理工藝,開(kāi)發(fā)碲化銅渣高值化利用,實(shí)現(xiàn)文丘里泥中金屬碲的分離回收并提出新的聯(lián)合處理方案,具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In the process of hot pressure acid leaching of copper anode mud with Caldor furnace, copper telluride slag formed by precipitating copper from hot pressure leaching liquid and Venturi mud produced by smelting and collecting dust in Calduo furnace have low value utilization degree, and it is difficult to treat the sludge in Venturi furnace. The recovery rate of valuable metals is low. In this paper, copper telluride slag and Venturi mud are taken as the research objects, and the distribution of tellurium in the treatment process of copper anode mud is combined, according to which the high value utilization of copper telluride slag is carried out. The open circuit recovery process of tellurium from Venturi mud was studied. The combined treatment of Venturi mud and copper telluride slag was put forward to improve the treatment process of copper anode mud by Kaldo furnace. By analyzing the existing state of various substances, copper and tellurium in copper telluride slag were combined in the form of compound. Based on this, the experimental scheme of sulfation roasting, water leaching, alkali leaching, impurity removal and tellurium precipitation was determined. The concentration of sulfuric acid, roasting time and calcination temperature were systematically investigated by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with copper telluride slag. The influence of oxygen atmosphere on the roasting effect and the removal of copper sulfate impurity from roasting by water leaching are obtained. The results show that the copper is calcined at 450 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1663993