本文選題：光纖傳感　切入點：飛秒激光　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：由于飛秒激光與物質(zhì)相互作用的多樣性和復(fù)雜性,并且飛秒激光在微納米加工、激光推進、沖擊強化處理、生物醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域具有重要的應(yīng)用價值,因此,飛秒激光燒蝕機理成為飛秒激光應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的熱點研究內(nèi)容。本文針對飛秒激光燒蝕過程產(chǎn)生微等離子體及微等離子體沖擊波進展的復(fù)雜性,提出運用光學(xué)傳感測量技術(shù)從理論和實驗兩方面研究了飛秒激光燒蝕過程的動力學(xué)特性。探索了飛秒激光燒蝕過程中影響動力學(xué)特性的參量變化情況,包括電子密度、沖擊壓強等。設(shè)計了一種運用抽運探測技術(shù)探測飛秒激光燒蝕晶體材料產(chǎn)生微等離子體的膨脹過程的實驗系統(tǒng);建立了一種利用ICCD拍攝微等離子體動態(tài)過程的高速攝影實驗系統(tǒng);設(shè)計了一套基于全光纖無膠微結(jié)構(gòu)探針型光纖F-P聲發(fā)射傳感器的在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng);獲得了一種利用光纖F-P聲發(fā)射傳感探針在線監(jiān)測飛秒激光燒蝕晶體材料產(chǎn)生微等離子體沖擊波的動力學(xué)過程的新原理、新技術(shù);初步探索了一種晶體材料成分檢測的新方法。主要研究工作如下:(1)針對飛秒激光燒蝕過程產(chǎn)生微等離子體的復(fù)雜性,運用抽運探測技術(shù),建立了飛秒激光燒蝕晶體材料的時間分辨抽運探測系統(tǒng)。將不同飛秒激光能量、不同晶體材料的實驗條件下產(chǎn)生微等離子體的動態(tài)過程用時間分辨陰影圖進行描述和分析。研究了不同能量、不同晶體材料的微等離子體沖擊波的法線方向、切線方向傳播速度、傳播距離等的變化規(guī)律,揭示了不同能量、不同晶體材料的微等離子體沖擊波的沖擊波速、沖擊壓強的變化規(guī)律。初步確定了影響飛秒激光微等離子體動力學(xué)過程的基本因素。(2)運用高速攝影法在不同激光能量下對飛秒激光燒蝕不同晶體材料產(chǎn)生微等離子體動態(tài)過程進行了研究。高速攝影法直觀地顯示了激光微等離子體的發(fā)展變化過程。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)飛秒激光燒蝕晶體材料產(chǎn)生微等離子體在空間上呈液滴狀,微等離子體閃光的縱向尺寸比水平方向的尺寸大。隨著飛秒激光能量的增大微等離子體在空間上的尺寸也隨著增加,在縱向微等離子體的尺寸產(chǎn)生明顯的變化趨勢,而在水平方向的變化較為緩慢。這些結(jié)論對以后更深入地研究高強度飛秒激光應(yīng)用以及飛秒激光與物質(zhì)相互作用具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。(3)根據(jù)F-P光纖傳感原理和激光等離子體沖擊波聲學(xué)理論,設(shè)計與制作了能夠監(jiān)測相應(yīng)頻率的高靈敏度、全光纖無膠微結(jié)構(gòu)探針型F-P聲發(fā)射傳感器,設(shè)計了用于飛秒激光微等離子體在線監(jiān)測的光纖傳感信號解調(diào)系統(tǒng),設(shè)計了基于光纖傳感技術(shù)的飛秒激光微等離子體沖擊波的測量系統(tǒng)。實驗結(jié)果表明,該傳感測量系統(tǒng)可測量飛秒激光等離子體沖擊波面微弱聲發(fā)射高頻信號。使不同飛秒激光脈沖內(nèi)的微等離子體聲發(fā)射信號的非接觸式探測變成現(xiàn)實,減小了由于接觸式探測信號以及重復(fù)測量帶來的誤差,保證了實驗的準確性。(4)首次采用光纖F-P聲發(fā)射探針在線監(jiān)測飛秒激光微等離子體沖擊波的時空進程,通過在線監(jiān)測飛秒激光微等離子體沖擊波的聲學(xué)信號,分析飛秒激光微等離子體沖擊波的時空歷程,建立一種新型的激光微等離子體沖擊波動力學(xué)過程監(jiān)測的傳感理論和方法。實驗研究了光纖F-P聲發(fā)射傳感探針在線監(jiān)測飛秒激光燒蝕過程所產(chǎn)生的微等離子體沖擊波的時空變化規(guī)律及聲發(fā)射信號的時頻特性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):該飛秒激光燒蝕晶體材料產(chǎn)生的微等離子體聲發(fā)射信號強度隨激光能量的增大而增大;頻率范圍在0~100KHz;頻率范圍和峰值位置基本不隨作用激光能量的改變而改變。不同晶體材料的頻率峰值有細微的差異,同一晶體材料的頻率峰值保持不變。(5)初步探索了一種晶體材料成分檢測的新方法。提出了一種新穎的基于時頻分析的飛秒激光微等離子體沖擊波聲發(fā)射信號的處理和分析方法,研究了飛秒激光微等離子體沖擊波聲發(fā)射信號的頻率特征及能量分布;通過對探測到的信號的特征分析,初步實現(xiàn)了對晶體材料成分的檢測。
[Abstract]:Due to the interaction of femtosecond laser and material diversity and complexity, and femtosecond laser micro machining, laser propulsion, laser shock processing, has important application value, medical and other fields. Therefore, femtosecond laser ablation mechanism has become a hot research field. The application of femtosecond laser based on femtosecond laser ablation process and micro plasma the complexity of micro plasma shock wave in the proposed dynamic characteristics of femtosecond laser ablation process is studied from two aspects of theory and experiment using optical sensing technology. To explore the changes of parameters influencing the dynamic characteristics of femtosecond laser ablation process, including electron density, impact pressure. Design a pump probe using the expansion process the detection technology of femtosecond laser ablation of crystal materials to produce micro plasma experimental system; establish a by ICCD Experimental system for high-speed photography shooting micro plasma dynamic process; a set of online monitoring system of all fiber without glue micro structure probe type optical fiber F-P acoustic emission sensor is designed based on the new technology; obtain a F-P acoustic emission sensor using optical fiber probe monitoring of femtosecond laser ablation of crystal materials to produce new principle, micro plasma shock wave dynamics the preliminary exploration; a new method of crystal material composition detection. The main research work is as follows: (1) the complexity of micro plasma generation in femtosecond laser ablation process, using the pump probe technique, a femtosecond laser ablation of crystal materials time-resolved pump probe system. Different femtosecond laser energy, dynamic the process of producing micro plasma crystal materials under different experimental conditions with time resolution are described and analyzed. The shadow map of different energy, not Micro plasma shock wave normal direction with crystal materials, the tangent velocity, variation propagation distance, reveals the different energy shock wave, micro plasma wave velocity of different crystal materials, changes of impact pressure. Initially determined the basic influence factors of femtosecond laser micro plasma process. (2 the use of high speed photography) under different laser energy of femtosecond laser ablation of different crystal materials to produce micro plasma dynamic process was studied. High speed photography can visually display the change and development of laser micro plasma process. The study found that femtosecond laser ablation of crystal material to produce micro plasma liquid in the space, the longitudinal dimension of micro plasma flash the ratio of horizontal size. With the increasing of the size of the femtosecond laser micro plasma energy in the space with the increase Plus, have obvious trend in the longitudinal micro plasma size, and changes in the horizontal direction is relatively slow. These conclusions for the future more in-depth study on the interaction of high intensity femtosecond laser and femtosecond laser and matter has an important guiding significance. (3) according to the wave theory of F-P fiber acoustic sensing principle and laser plasma shock and the design and manufacture of high sensitivity to monitoring the corresponding frequency, all fiber Non Gel micro structure probe type F-P acoustic emission sensor, optical fiber sensing signal demodulation system for on-line monitoring of femtosecond laser micro plasma is designed. The design of optical fiber sensing technology of femtosecond laser micro plasma shock wave measurement system. Based on the experimental results show that the sensing system can wave weak acoustic measurement of femtosecond laser plasma shock emission of high frequency signals. The femtosecond laser pulse in micro Non contact type plasma acoustic emission signal detection into reality, reduce the error due to contact detection signal and repeat measurement, to ensure the accuracy of the experiment. (4) for the first time using optical fiber F-P acoustic emission monitoring probe femtosecond laser plasma shock wave spatio-temporal process, through the on-line monitoring of femtosecond laser plasma shock acoustic signal wave analysis, femtosecond laser plasma shock wave of the course of history, the establishment of a new micro laser plasma shock wave dynamics sensing theory and method of process monitoring. Experimental study on micro plasma shock time spacedistributions and AE signal time-frequency characteristics of wave generated by the sensing probe for on-line monitoring of femtosecond laser ablation process of F-P fiber AE. Studies have found that the femtosecond laser ablation of crystal micro plasma acoustic emission signal The degree of increase with laser energy increasing; in the frequency range 0~100KHz; frequency range and peak position approximately with the laser energy change. The peak frequency of different crystal materials have subtle differences, with a peak frequency of crystal materials remain unchanged. (5) explored a new method of crystal materials detection. This paper presents a novel time-frequency analysis based on the femtosecond laser plasma shock wave processing and analysis method of AE signal, the femtosecond laser plasma shock wave frequency characteristics and energy distribution of acoustic emission signals; signal through the analysis of detected, realized the detection of crystal materials component.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN249

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