本文選題：色散測量　切入點(diǎn)：光纖激光器　出處：《河南師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：色散測量是光纖通信系統(tǒng)中提高通信質(zhì)量的重要環(huán)節(jié)。作為光纖的一個(gè)非常重要的光學(xué)參數(shù),色散會(huì)造成光纖中傳輸?shù)墓庑盘?hào)發(fā)生脈沖展寬,引起誤碼現(xiàn)象,導(dǎo)致光信號(hào)傳輸畸變,嚴(yán)重影響信息傳輸?shù)恼＿\(yùn)行,因此色散成為了現(xiàn)代通信中擴(kuò)大通信容量和增大中繼通信距離的最大障礙。通常會(huì)采用色散補(bǔ)償?shù)姆椒▉硌a(bǔ)償信號(hào)在光纖傳輸過程中產(chǎn)生的色散。但是色散補(bǔ)償?shù)那疤崾菍?duì)光纖色散準(zhǔn)確的測量,這樣才有助于光通信中色散的有效管理。本文提出了一種基于多縱模拍頻解調(diào)測量光纖色散的方法。相比其他傳統(tǒng)的色散測量方法,這種方法采用拍頻信號(hào)作為解調(diào)信號(hào),把光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理,操作更簡單,且用來檢測的儀器僅為光電探測器和頻譜分析儀,成本較低,具有較好的發(fā)展前景。首先,詳細(xì)介紹了幾種常見的用來測量光纖色散的方法,并分析了它們各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足。回顧了拍頻解調(diào)技術(shù)用于光纖傳感領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用歷程,分析了拍頻解調(diào)的優(yōu)勢所在。然后,介紹了光纖激光器的發(fā)展背景和獨(dú)特優(yōu)點(diǎn)。和傳統(tǒng)的激光器相比,光纖激光器一樣是由增益介質(zhì)、光學(xué)諧振腔和泵浦源三部分構(gòu)成,但體積更小、結(jié)構(gòu)更簡單、光束質(zhì)量更好、泵浦效率更高、易實(shí)現(xiàn)單模單頻運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)以及成本更加低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn)使得光纖激光器應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域非常廣泛。詳細(xì)介紹了光纖激光器的結(jié)構(gòu),摻鉺光纖的三能級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)以及激光產(chǎn)生的工作原理。介紹了光纖諧振腔內(nèi)的縱模的概念、產(chǎn)生的過程及模式選擇的常見方法,并分析了激光多縱模拍頻產(chǎn)生的機(jī)制。最后綜合分析歸納了穩(wěn)定激光拍頻的影響因素。最后,結(jié)合色散補(bǔ)償光纖和普通單模光纖的背景知識(shí),基于光纖激光器,提出了一種利用拍頻解調(diào)測量光纖色散的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。光纖諧振腔的兩個(gè)反射鏡分別為:由光纖耦合器通過一端的兩條支路相互熔接構(gòu)成環(huán)路組成的Sagnac環(huán),由光纖環(huán)形器和光纖可調(diào)諧FP濾波器組合成的光纖環(huán)形反射鏡。文中詳細(xì)分析了色散測量的基本原理,通過計(jì)算得到最佳的觀測拍頻頻率,以便提高測量的精度。以500m色散補(bǔ)償光纖和3.636 km普通單模光纖作為待測光纖,詳細(xì)介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)測量的過程,通過數(shù)據(jù)處理分別得到了色散補(bǔ)償光纖和普通單模光纖的色散系數(shù),測量的結(jié)果與廠家提供參考值基本符合。綜合多方面的因素分析了實(shí)驗(yàn)測量的誤差。本文利用實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了基于激光拍頻測量光纖色散方案的可行性,且測量方法簡單,測試系統(tǒng)成本低,為色散的測量提供了一些參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Dispersion measurement is an important part of improving communication quality in optical fiber communication system. As a very important optical parameter of optical fiber, dispersion will cause pulse broadening of optical signal transmitted in optical fiber and cause error code phenomenon. Causing distortion of optical signal transmission, seriously affecting the normal operation of information transmission, Therefore, dispersion becomes the biggest obstacle to enlarge communication capacity and increase relay communication distance in modern communication. Dispersion compensation is usually used to compensate the dispersion produced by the signal in the process of optical fiber transmission, but dispersion compensation is used to compensate the dispersion. The premise is an accurate measurement of the dispersion of the optical fiber, This method is helpful to the effective management of dispersion in optical communication. In this paper, a method of measuring fiber dispersion based on multi-longitudinal-mode beat frequency demodulation is proposed. Compared with other traditional dispersion measurement methods, this method uses beat frequency signal as demodulation signal. The conversion of optical signals to electrical signals for processing is simpler, and the instruments used for detection are only photodetectors and spectrum analyzers, which have low cost and have a good prospect of development. Several common methods used to measure fiber dispersion are introduced in detail, and their respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The application of beat frequency demodulation in the field of optical fiber sensing is reviewed, and the advantages of beat frequency demodulation are analyzed. The development background and unique advantages of fiber laser are introduced. Compared with traditional laser, fiber laser is composed of gain medium, optical resonator and pump source, but it is smaller, simpler in structure and better in beam quality. The advantages of high pump efficiency, easy to realize single-mode single-frequency operation and lower cost make the application field of fiber laser very wide. The structure of fiber laser is introduced in detail. The three-level structure of erbium-doped fiber and the working principle of laser generation are introduced. The concept of longitudinal mode in fiber resonator, the process of generation and the common methods of mode selection are introduced. Finally, the influence factors of stable laser beat frequency are analyzed and summarized. Finally, combining with the background knowledge of dispersion compensation fiber and ordinary single-mode fiber, the laser is based on fiber laser. An experimental design of optical fiber dispersion measurement using beat frequency demodulation is presented. The two mirrors of the fiber resonator are: a Sagnac loop composed of two branches of fiber coupler via one end to form a loop. The optical fiber annular mirror composed of fiber circulator and fiber tunable FP filter is presented. The basic principle of dispersion measurement is analyzed in detail, and the optimum beat frequency is obtained by calculation. Using 500m dispersion compensation fiber and 3.636km ordinary single-mode fiber as the fiber to be tested, the process of experimental measurement is introduced in detail. The dispersion coefficients of dispersion compensation fiber and ordinary single-mode fiber are obtained by data processing, respectively. The measurement results are in good agreement with the reference values provided by the manufacturer. The error of the experimental measurement is analyzed by synthesizing many factors. The feasibility of the scheme of optical fiber dispersion measurement based on laser beat frequency is proved in this paper, and the measurement method is simple. The low cost of the test system provides some reference value for dispersion measurement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN253;TN929.11

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