本文關(guān)鍵詞： 異形電子元件 自動插件機(jī) 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 校形 模態(tài)分析　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電子產(chǎn)品印制電路板(PCB板)上電子元件的自動插件裝配技術(shù)是電子產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵。當(dāng)前,中國電子制造業(yè)特別是家電制造業(yè)廣泛使用的異形電子元件仍為手工插件裝配方式,存在著工作效率低、勞動力成本高、錯(cuò)插和漏插現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重、管理任務(wù)繁重的問題。本課題異形電子元件自動插件機(jī),主要用于電子電器行業(yè)異形電子元件的自動插件裝配,針對異形電子元件手工插件方式所產(chǎn)生的諸多問題,設(shè)計(jì)能夠替代手工插件各工序的自動化設(shè)備,能以單臺或數(shù)臺插件機(jī)替代手工插件流水線上異形電子元件的大部分手工插件過程。介紹電子制造業(yè)常用電阻、電容、變壓器等電子元件的種類及其來料方式,分析國外Panasonic品牌RG131、AV132型號及國產(chǎn)新澤谷品牌4000系列的常規(guī)電子元件插件機(jī)(AI)實(shí)現(xiàn)物料自動上料、自動插件的工作方式和技術(shù)特點(diǎn)。通過對某典型產(chǎn)品異形元件手工插件流水線的分析,闡述異形電子元件手工插件的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)和存在的問題。通過分析當(dāng)前工業(yè)自動化技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和電子制造業(yè)高速輕載機(jī)械手精密自動化裝配的應(yīng)用需求,并結(jié)合本課題異形電子元件自動插件機(jī)的國內(nèi)外研究開發(fā)現(xiàn)狀、發(fā)展趨勢和當(dāng)前存在的問題,引出本文異形電子元件自動插件機(jī)的主要研究內(nèi)容和論文的結(jié)構(gòu)框架。基于對異形電子元件自動插件機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)流程分析,確定插件機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)要求,進(jìn)行了各功能模塊的劃分,分析插件機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容和設(shè)計(jì)理論。分析標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PCB板和異形電子元件的制造工藝,確定PCB板及電子元件的尺寸精度,為后續(xù)PCB板上電子元件的插裝提供理論依據(jù)。分析實(shí)現(xiàn)自動插件所需自由度要求,闡述插件機(jī)機(jī)體結(jié)構(gòu)形式、PCB板自動上下料形式、多種類型異形電子元件自動供料的方式；提出基于運(yùn)動控制卡的插件機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的搭建方案。分析并提出了自動插件所需關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的解決方法。結(jié)合異形元件的可機(jī)插性,選定MKP-X2型安規(guī)電容異形電子元件作為研究對象,設(shè)計(jì)插件機(jī)的重復(fù)定位精度-0.04mm、插件效率2000-2500pcs/h、插件不良率小于800ppm。分析所滿足的插件動作要求,插件機(jī)為6自由度直角坐標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu)形式。設(shè)計(jì)單個(gè)插件周期為1.6s,按照自動插件技術(shù)要求分析插件機(jī)的工作流程,進(jìn)行各工步時(shí)間的分配。基于異形電子元件自動插件技術(shù)可行性方案,進(jìn)行插件機(jī)軸系、PCB板自動上下料、異形電子元件自動上料結(jié)構(gòu)、快速精密電動夾爪的設(shè)計(jì)和選型。通過分析插件機(jī)振動影響因素,進(jìn)行插件機(jī)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)減振改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)。建立了振動器供料的振動方向角、振動強(qiáng)度和振動頻率的計(jì)算公式。從提高自動插件的可靠性、降低插件廢品率的角度出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)MKP-X2元件針腳校形機(jī)構(gòu)。進(jìn)行插件機(jī)的仿真分析與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究�；谟邢拊治龅幕纠碚摬⒔柚贏NSYS仿真分析軟件進(jìn)行插件機(jī)的模態(tài)仿真分析,找出機(jī)體的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),進(jìn)行優(yōu)化后的插件機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的模態(tài)分析和諧響應(yīng)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)了在第1階模態(tài)固有頻率值34.596Hz附近存在共振的危險(xiǎn),X軸方向?yàn)槊舾蟹较?在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)予以避免。分別進(jìn)行3批次MKP-X2安規(guī)電容異形元件針腳的臥式校形和立式校形實(shí)驗(yàn),得到臥式校形和立式校形的校形力峰值分別為65.3N、36.5N,校形后的中心距公差范圍分別為(-0.16,+0.04)m.m、(-0.05,+0.07)mm,臥式校形和立式校形的回彈量分別為0-0.2mm、0-O.1mm,確定針腳立式校形結(jié)構(gòu)對于提高元件的可機(jī)插率的可行性。通過測試插件機(jī)樣機(jī)不同位置點(diǎn)重復(fù)定位精度,確定插件機(jī)樣機(jī)X軸、Y軸的重復(fù)定位精度分別約為+0.025mm和±0.0265mm,滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:Electronic products, printed circuit board (PCB board) electronic component assembly automatic plug-in technology is the key to the production of electronic products. At present, Chinese electronic manufacturing industry especially special electronic components widely used for household appliances manufacturing industry is still manual plug-in assembly method, there exists low efficiency, high labor costs, the plug and plug leakage phenomenon serious and arduous management tasks to solve this problem. Special electronic components automatic plug-in machine, mainly used for electronic industry special electronic components automatic plug-in assembly, many problems due to special electronic components manual plug-in mode, design automation equipment can replace the process manual plug-in, can replace the special electronic components of the most manual plug-in process manual on plug-in lines with single or multiple plug machine. Introduced the electronic manufacturing industry commonly used resistors, capacitors, transformers and other types of electronic components and The incoming Panasonic, analysis of foreign brands RG131, AV132 models and domestic brand new sawatani plug-in conventional electronic components 4000 series machine (AI) to realize automatic material feeding, working methods and technical features of automatic plug-in. Through the analysis of a typical product shaped components manual plug-in lines, describes the technical characteristics of special electronic components manual the plug-in and the existing problems. Through the development status and application requirements of electronic manufacturing industry analysis of the current industrial automation technology, high speed and light load precision automatic assembly manipulator, and combined with the development status of this research special electronic components automatic plug-in machine at home and abroad, the development trend and the existing problems, the main research content and the frame structure this leads to the special electronic components automatic plug-in machine. Analysis of the design process of special electronic components automatic plug-in machine based on the determined plug-in Requirements of machine design parameters, the division of each functional module, main content analysis and design theory of plug-in machine design. Manufacturing process analysis of standard PCB plate and shaped electronic components, determine the size of precision PCB board and electronic components, electronic components for the subsequent PCB board is inserted to provide a theoretical basis for analysis of freedom. Is required to achieve the automatic plug-in, this plug-in machine structure, automatic loading and unloading form PCB board, various types of special electronic components for automatic feeding; puts forward to build the plug-in machine control system motion control card scheme based on analysis and put forward methods to resolve the key technology of automatic plug-in. Combined with plug shaped components the machine can be selected, MKP-X2 type capacitor special electronic components as the research object, -0.04mm repeated positioning precision machine design plug-in, plug-in plug-in efficiency 2000-2500pcs/h, the defect rate of less than 80 Meet the 0ppm. analysis plug-in movement requirements, plug-in machine structure form 6 degree of freedom Cartesian coordinate. The design of a single plug-in cycle is 1.6s, in accordance with the requirements of the automatic plug-in technology analysis plug-in machine working process, the allocation of each step time. Special electronic components automatic plug-in technology feasibility scheme based on plug-in shafting, PCB board automatic feeding, automatic feeding structure of special-shaped electronic components, precision design and selection of electric fast clamp claw. Through the analysis of influence factors of the vibration of the mechanical structure design of card machine, card machine vibration improved. Established the vibration direction of the vibrator feeding angle, calculation formula of vibration intensity and vibration frequency. In order to improve the reliability of automatic the plug-in, plug-in to reduce scrap rate perspective, design MKP-X2 element pin shape correction mechanism. Simulation analysis and experimental research of plug-in machine. Based on finite element analysis This theory and with the help of modal analysis in ANSYS simulation analysis software plug-in machine, find out the weak link of the body, modal analysis and structure optimization of the plug-in machine after the harmonic response analysis, found the risk of resonance near 34.596Hz value in first modal frequency, X direction sensitive direction, at design time should be avoided. The horizontal and vertical respectively sizing sizing experiments of 3 batches of MKP-X2 capacitor element shaped pin, get the shape correction force peak horizontal and vertical sizing sizing were 65.3N, 36.5N, shape correction after center distance tolerance range respectively (-0.16, M.M, -0.05 (+0.04). +0.07) mm, horizontal and vertical springback correction correction for 0-0.2mm 0-O.1mm, respectively, to determine the vertical pin shape correction structure for the feasibility of improving the machine inserted rate components. By testing the prototype plug-in machine from different positions of repeat positioning accuracy, indeed The repeat positioning accuracy of the Y axis is about +0.025mm and + 0.0265mm, which meets the design requirements for the X axis of the prototype.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN405

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