本文選題：3H橋型五電平逆變器 + 調(diào)制策略��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：多電平逆變器(multi-level inverters)具有開關(guān)頻率低、諧波含量低、輸出性能好等優(yōu)勢而廣泛運用在大功率交流調(diào)速場合。本文以3H橋型五電平逆變器及電勵磁同步電機(electrical synchronous motor, ESM)為研究對象，對多電平逆變器的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)、調(diào)制策略、共模電壓、功率開關(guān)器件及單元模塊之間的功率平衡、死區(qū)效應、3H橋型五電平逆變器控制系統(tǒng)等方面展開研究。 首先，分析3H橋型拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的工作模式，重點分析適用于該種拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的PWM調(diào)制策略：載波調(diào)制策略(SPWM)和空間矢量調(diào)制策略(SVPWM)。 結(jié)合H橋拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)，針對傳統(tǒng)載波層疊策略(CDPWM)的各開關(guān)切換次數(shù)不一致、橋臂間輸出功率不平衡等問題，本文對載波帶頻率變化調(diào)制策略(CVFPWM)展開研究，，仿真結(jié)果驗證了該方法的可行性。但是，當其向級聯(lián)多電平擴展時，存在編程實現(xiàn)難、開關(guān)損耗大等問題。因此，本文著重介紹載波移相調(diào)制策略(PSCPWM)，對其輸出波形進行仿真驗證和諧波分析，該方法可以有效解決開關(guān)損耗大、橋臂間及單元模塊間的輸出功率平衡等問題。由于上述調(diào)制策略的直流側(cè)電壓利用率不高，因此，可在調(diào)制波中注入零序分量，該調(diào)制策略可以提高15%的直流側(cè)電壓利用率，仿真結(jié)果驗證了該方法的有效性。 由于傳統(tǒng)SVPWM存在大量的三角函數(shù)和復雜的公式計算，介紹了一種基于線電壓坐標系的通用SVPWM算法，該方法實現(xiàn)簡單、易于向高電平擴展。在此基礎上分析共模電壓的抑制問題，給出七段式SVPWM算法，并對其進行仿真和實驗驗證。在五電平調(diào)制策略的基礎上，分析SPWM與SVPWM之間存在的本質(zhì)關(guān)系。分析五電平逆變器在輸出低壓、低頻時的死區(qū)效應，給出一種基于脈沖和差值電壓協(xié)同補償?shù)难a償策略。仿真和實驗驗證了該方法的有效性。 其次，對同步電機磁鏈定向控制原理進行分析，分析了三種磁鏈定向控制下的數(shù)學模型。介紹了電流、電壓綜合磁鏈觀測器，基于Matlab/Simulink仿真環(huán)境，搭建氣隙磁鏈定向控制下的3H橋型五電平同步電機矢量控制仿真平臺，仿真結(jié)果驗證了3H橋型五電平變流器帶電機負載的可行性。 最后，搭建了3H橋型五電平變流器平臺，給出了主電路器件選型的具體步驟及控制系統(tǒng)軟件實現(xiàn)流程圖。并對五電平控制系統(tǒng)調(diào)試和實驗驗證，完成阻感負載和電機負載的實驗。
[Abstract]:Multi-level inverters are widely used in high power AC speed regulation field due to their advantages of low switching frequency, low harmonic content and good output performance. In this paper, the 3H bridge five-level inverter and electrically excited synchronous motor (synchronous motor, ESM) are studied. The topology, modulation strategy, common-mode voltage, power balance of power switch devices and unit modules of the multilevel inverter are studied. The control system of 3 H bridge-type five-level inverter with dead-zone effect is studied. Firstly, the working mode of the 3H bridge topology is analyzed, and the PWM modulation strategies suitable for the 3H bridge topology are analyzed, which are the carrier modulation strategy and the space vector modulation strategy. Considering the H bridge topology, aiming at the problems of different switching times and unbalanced output power between the traditional carrier stacking strategy CDPWMs, this paper studies the carrier band frequency varying modulation strategy (CVFPWM). The simulation results verify the feasibility of the method. However, when it extends to cascaded multilevel, there are many problems such as difficult programming and high switching loss. Therefore, this paper mainly introduces the carrier phase shift modulation strategy (PSCPWMN), and simulates the output waveform and harmonic analysis. This method can effectively solve the problems of high switching loss, output power balance between the bridge arms and unit modules, and so on. Because the DC side voltage utilization ratio of the above modulation strategy is not high, zero sequence component can be injected into the modulation wave, and the modulation strategy can increase the DC side voltage utilization ratio by 15%. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective. Because traditional SVPWM has a lot of trigonometric functions and complex formulas, a general SVPWM algorithm based on line voltage coordinate system is introduced. The method is simple and easy to extend to high level. On this basis, the common mode voltage suppression problem is analyzed, and a seven-segment SVPWM algorithm is presented, and its simulation and experimental verification are carried out. Based on the five level modulation strategy, the essential relationship between SPWM and SVPWM is analyzed. This paper analyzes the dead-time effect of five-level inverter at low voltage and low frequency, and presents a compensation strategy based on the synergistic compensation of pulse and differential voltage. The effectiveness of the method is verified by simulation and experiments. Secondly, the principle of flux oriented control of synchronous motor is analyzed, and the mathematical models of three kinds of flux oriented control are analyzed. The current and voltage integrated flux observer is introduced. Based on the Matlab/Simulink simulation environment, the vector control simulation platform of 3H bridge five-level synchronous motor is built under the directional control of air-gap flux. The simulation results verify the feasibility of the 3 H bridge five-level converter with motor load. Finally, the 3H bridge type five-level converter platform is built, and the specific steps of the main circuit device selection and the flow chart of the control system software are given. The experiments of resistive load and motor load are carried out by debugging and verifying the five-level control system.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM464

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