【摘要】：社會工業(yè)的發(fā)展對電機的性能需求日益增高,普通裝載機械軸承的電機受到極限轉(zhuǎn)速的限制。磁懸浮開關(guān)磁阻電機(BSRM)通過在開關(guān)磁阻電機上引入磁懸浮技術(shù),兼?zhèn)錂C電轉(zhuǎn)換效率高、軸向空間小、超高轉(zhuǎn)速等特點,在機車牽引、紡織工業(yè)、新能源技術(shù)等方向有著顯著的應(yīng)用價值。單繞組磁懸浮開關(guān)磁阻電機(SWBSRM)通過改變BSRM的繞組結(jié)構(gòu),具備結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、可靠運行、控制方便等優(yōu)點,受到廣泛的研究。雖然SWBSRM具備諸多優(yōu)勢,但也存在非線性、強耦合的特性,其轉(zhuǎn)矩與懸浮力耦合嚴重,而傳統(tǒng)逆解耦方法需要對象逆模型的解析表達式嚴格求解,很難實現(xiàn)。針對此問題,本文對12/8極SWBSRM提出一種新的逆模型解耦控制方法,通過構(gòu)建仿真驗證了該方法的可行性和優(yōu)越性,為電機在實際應(yīng)用中打下了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。具體研究內(nèi)容和相關(guān)成果如下:(1)分析了12/8極SWBSRM的工作原理,闡述了其相比于BSRM優(yōu)勢所在。基于虛位移法和等效磁路法推導(dǎo)出電機的徑向懸浮力和轉(zhuǎn)矩的數(shù)學(xué)模型,給出了電機本體參數(shù)設(shè)計方法,通過仿真驗證所構(gòu)建模型可靠性。仿真結(jié)果表明,所構(gòu)建的數(shù)學(xué)模型準確反應(yīng)了電機相關(guān)特性。(2)通過有限元仿真分析12/8極SWBSRM本體參數(shù)對電機性能的影響,運用PSO對關(guān)鍵參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計,以繞組導(dǎo)通一個周期內(nèi)電機平均懸浮力和平均轉(zhuǎn)矩最大為目標函數(shù),闡述了具體優(yōu)化過程。仿真驗證了經(jīng)PSO優(yōu)化后電機性能得到了顯著提升。(3)針對12/8極SWBSRM內(nèi)部存在的耦合問題,驗證模型可逆性,采用相關(guān)向量機算法構(gòu)造其逆系統(tǒng)模型,將其串聯(lián)在原系統(tǒng)之前,將原來的非線性系統(tǒng)解耦成偽線性系統(tǒng),采用PID算法對系統(tǒng)進行閉環(huán)控制,實現(xiàn)了電機轉(zhuǎn)矩、轉(zhuǎn)子徑向位移精確解耦控制。仿真結(jié)果表明,電機解耦效果優(yōu)良,抗干擾能力強。(4)構(gòu)建了以DSP與FPGA為核心的高速數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng),從控制系統(tǒng)的總體框架入手,設(shè)計了功率變換電路、信號檢測電路以及DSP與FPGA之間的通訊接口,為下一步實驗做出準備。
[Abstract]:With the development of social industry, the performance demand of motor is increasing day by day, and the motor loaded with mechanical bearing is limited by the limit speed. Magnetic levitation switched reluctance motor (BSRM) has remarkable application value in locomotive traction, textile industry, new energy technology and so on by introducing maglev technology into switched reluctance motor (SRM). It has the characteristics of high electromechanical conversion efficiency, small axial space, ultra-high speed and so on. Single winding maglev switched reluctance motor (SWBSRM) has been widely studied by changing the winding structure of BSRM, which has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation and convenient control. Although SWBSRM has many advantages, it also has the characteristics of nonlinear and strong coupling, and the coupling between torque and levitation force is serious. However, the traditional inverse decoupling method needs to solve the analytical expression of the inverse model strictly, so it is difficult to realize. In order to solve this problem, a new inverse model decoupling control method for 12 / 8 pole SWBSRM is proposed in this paper. the feasibility and superiority of the method are verified by simulation, which lays a solid foundation for the practical application of the motor. The specific research contents and related results are as follows: (1) the working principle of 12 x 8 pole SWBSRM is analyzed, and its advantages over BSRM are expounded. Based on virtual displacement method and equivalent magnetic circuit method, the mathematical model of radial levitation force and torque of motor is derived, and the design method of motor body parameters is given. the reliability of the model is verified by simulation. The simulation results show that the mathematical model accurately reflects the motor related characteristics. (2) the influence of 12 脳 8 pole SWBSRM body parameters on the motor performance is analyzed by finite element simulation. The key parameters are optimized by PSO, and the maximum average levitation force and average torque of the motor in one cycle are taken as the objective function, and the concrete optimization process is described. The simulation results show that the motor performance has been significantly improved after PSO optimization. (3) aiming at the coupling problem existing in 12 脳 8 pole SWBSRM, the inverse system model is constructed by correlation vector machine algorithm, which is connected in series to the original system, the original nonlinear system is decoupling into pseudo-linear system, and the closed-loop control of the system is carried out by PID algorithm, and the motor torque is realized. Accurate decoupling control of rotor radial displacement. The simulation results show that the motor has good decoupling effect and strong anti-interference ability. (4) A high-speed digital control system based on DSP and FPGA is constructed. starting with the overall framework of the control system, the power conversion circuit, signal detection circuit and the communication interface between DSP and FPGA are designed to prepare for the next experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM352

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