電力系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)的網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)多目標(biāo)協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-03 13:32
【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)對(duì)電力供應(yīng)依賴程度的日益提高,大停電事故帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和社會(huì)影響越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,因此研究大停電事故后如何實(shí)現(xiàn)電力系統(tǒng)的快速、安全恢復(fù)具有重要意義。網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)階段是大停電后系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)過(guò)程中承前啟后的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),該階段恢復(fù)控制的主要任務(wù)是通過(guò)恢復(fù)系統(tǒng)中重要的廠站以及部分輸電線路實(shí)現(xiàn)骨干網(wǎng)架的構(gòu)建,并通過(guò)輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的恢復(fù)調(diào)整提高已恢復(fù)網(wǎng)架的承載能力和系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)度,為網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)之后的負(fù)荷全面恢復(fù)奠定基礎(chǔ)。網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)階段各恢復(fù)主體的協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制、恢復(fù)方案的優(yōu)化策略以及優(yōu)化方法研究,是制定合理高效的網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)方案、加快系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)進(jìn)程的核心任務(wù)。本文圍繞網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)階段的核心任務(wù),對(duì)送電路徑優(yōu)化、主力機(jī)組和特級(jí)負(fù)荷協(xié)調(diào)恢復(fù)優(yōu)化、環(huán)網(wǎng)恢復(fù)決策優(yōu)化以及網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)后期的負(fù)荷協(xié)調(diào)恢復(fù)優(yōu)化等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)深入的研究,針對(duì)不同問(wèn)題建立了相應(yīng)的協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化模型,采用多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化技術(shù)和先進(jìn)的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃方法進(jìn)行了求解,論文的主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)通用的送電路徑方案集搜索和評(píng)價(jià)方法研究。針對(duì)大停電后工況復(fù)雜多變,線路出現(xiàn)故障的可能性較高的實(shí)際情況,按照先確定備選路徑集再排序優(yōu)選的思路開(kāi)展送電路徑優(yōu)化決策研究。首先,通過(guò)對(duì)基于最小費(fèi)用流模型的送電路徑優(yōu)化方法的深入研究,建立了通用的備選路徑集搜索的混合整數(shù)規(guī)劃迭代模型。之后,構(gòu)建了送電路徑評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)集,并結(jié)合逼近理想灰關(guān)聯(lián)投影法對(duì)備選路徑集進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。提出的送電路徑優(yōu)化方法為調(diào)度人員提供了更加全面的決策支持。(2)多目標(biāo)協(xié)調(diào)的網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)分時(shí)段全局優(yōu)化方法研究。將特級(jí)負(fù)荷納入網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)階段的恢復(fù)目標(biāo),計(jì)及多種約束條件,建立了協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)組、特級(jí)負(fù)荷和網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)三方面恢復(fù)效果的網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)分時(shí)段全局優(yōu)化模型。通過(guò)對(duì)恢復(fù)序列的串并行優(yōu)化模式的分析對(duì)比,提出了分時(shí)段全局優(yōu)化模型的兩步求解策略,即首先優(yōu)化確定時(shí)段數(shù)參考值,再以全局視角對(duì)恢復(fù)方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。結(jié)合非支配近鄰免疫算法和變異系數(shù)法對(duì)建立的時(shí)段數(shù)優(yōu)化模型和全局優(yōu)化模型依次求解。提出的優(yōu)化策略克服了“逐步”優(yōu)化模式在協(xié)調(diào)各時(shí)段恢復(fù)決策方面的不足,為實(shí)現(xiàn)分時(shí)段恢復(fù)的全局優(yōu)化提供了新思路。(3)網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)中以消除線路過(guò)載為目標(biāo)的環(huán)網(wǎng)恢復(fù)決策優(yōu)化方法研究。針對(duì)網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)階段輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)尚不完整,在負(fù)荷的陸續(xù)恢復(fù)過(guò)程中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)線路潮流過(guò)載的問(wèn)題,提出了以消除過(guò)載為目標(biāo)的環(huán)網(wǎng)恢復(fù)策略,即通過(guò)投運(yùn)部分待恢復(fù)線路,建立局部環(huán)狀網(wǎng)絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)線路過(guò)載的消除。首先建立了直接計(jì)及交流潮流約束條件的混合整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃模型。進(jìn)一步地,提出了一種分層迭代方法,通過(guò)主問(wèn)題和子問(wèn)題間的迭代求解,確定滿足合閘角約束的最優(yōu)環(huán)網(wǎng)恢復(fù)方案。提出的環(huán)網(wǎng)恢復(fù)策略可以在消除線路過(guò)載的同時(shí)有效增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)度和承載能力;提出的分層迭代求解算法具有較高的計(jì)算效率,對(duì)系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)的在線決策具有重要參考價(jià)值。(4)網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)后期負(fù)荷恢復(fù)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化方法研究。將網(wǎng)架重構(gòu)恢復(fù)后期的負(fù)荷恢復(fù)過(guò)程建模為一系列順序執(zhí)行的恢復(fù)時(shí)段。對(duì)負(fù)荷投入后系統(tǒng)頻率的調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程以及系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行要求進(jìn)行了深入分析,建立了相應(yīng)的約束集。由于恢復(fù)過(guò)程需要兼顧恢復(fù)收益和安全裕度,將負(fù)荷恢復(fù)優(yōu)化建模為加權(quán)負(fù)荷量最大化和節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓偏移量最小化的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題。引入規(guī)格化法平面約束法將建立的多目標(biāo)混合整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為一系列帶有附加線性約束的單目標(biāo)混合整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃問(wèn)題,并采用通用代數(shù)建模系統(tǒng)建模求解。提出的負(fù)荷恢復(fù)優(yōu)化的多目標(biāo)混合整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃模型及求解方法相較于已有方法具有方案可行性高以及計(jì)算結(jié)果穩(wěn)定等方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of the power supply dependence of the modern society, the economic loss and the social influence brought by the large power failure accident are becoming more and more serious, so it is of great significance to study how to realize the rapid and safe recovery of the power system after the large power failure accident. The reconstruction stage of the net frame is the key link in the process of system recovery after large power failure, and the main task of the phase recovery control is to realize the construction of the backbone network frame through the important plant station in the recovery system and the partial power transmission line. And the bearing capacity and the system strength of the restored net frame are improved through the restoration adjustment of the power transmission network, and the foundation is laid for comprehensive recovery of the load after the frame reconstruction. The coordination mechanism, the optimization strategy and the optimization method of each recovery main body in the reconstruction stage of the net frame are the core tasks of developing a reasonable and efficient network rack reconstruction scheme and accelerating the system recovery process. In this paper, a systematic and in-depth study of the problems such as the optimization of power transmission path, the optimization of the main unit and the special-level load coordination, the optimization of the ring network recovery decision and the optimization of the load coordination and recovery in the later stage of the frame reconstruction is carried out in the paper, The corresponding coordination and optimization model is set up for different problems, and the multi-objective optimization technique and the advanced mathematical programming method are used to solve the problem. The main contents of the paper are as follows: (1) The general power transmission path scheme set search and evaluation method is researched. In view of the complexity and changeability of the working condition after large power failure and the high possibility of the fault of the line, the optimization decision-making of the power transmission path is carried out according to the preferred method of determining the alternative route set. First, the hybrid integer programming iteration model of the universal alternative path set search is established through the deep study of the power transmission path optimization method based on the minimum cost flow model. Then, the evaluation index set of the power transmission path is constructed, and the alternative path set is comprehensively evaluated in combination with the approximate ideal gray correlation projection method. The proposed power transmission path optimization method provides more comprehensive decision support for the dispatching personnel. (2) Research on the global optimization method of the multi-objective coordinated frame reconstruction sub-period. Taking the super load into the recovery target of the frame reconstruction stage, taking into account various constraints, the overall optimization model of the frame reconstruction sub-period with the recovery effect of the coordination unit, the special-level load and the grid structure is established. In this paper, the two-step solution strategy of the time-period global optimization model is put forward by analyzing the parallel optimization model of the serial-parallel optimization of the recovery sequence, that is, the reference value of the determined period number is optimized first, and the recovery scheme is optimized by the global view angle. The time-period optimization model and the global optimization model based on the non-dominant-neighbor immune algorithm and the coefficient of variation are solved in this order. The proposed optimization strategy overcomes the shortcomings of the "step by step" optimization model in the coordination of decision-making in all time periods, and provides a new way to realize the global optimization of the recovery of the sub-period. (3) The optimization method of ring network recovery decision making with the aim of eliminating line overload is studied in the frame reconstruction. aiming at the problem that the power transmission network is not complete in the reconstruction phase of the net frame, the problem that the line power flow overload can occur during the successive recovery of the load is solved, a ring network recovery strategy aiming at eliminating the overload is put forward, namely, a local ring network is established through the operation part to be recovered, And the elimination of line overload can be realized. First, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model directly taking into account the constraints of the AC power flow is established. Further, a layered iteration method is proposed, and the optimal ring network recovery scheme satisfying the closing angle constraint is determined by the iterative solution between the main problem and the sub-problem. The proposed ring network recovery strategy can effectively enhance the system strength and bearing capacity while eliminating line overload, and the proposed layered iterative solution algorithm has higher calculation efficiency and has important reference value for on-line decision-making of system recovery. (4) The multi-objective optimization method of the post-load recovery in the post-reconstruction of the grid. The load recovery process at the later stage of the frame reconstruction recovery is modeled as a series of sequential execution recovery periods. The regulation process of the system frequency after the load is put into operation and the operation requirement of the system are analyzed in detail, and the corresponding constraint set is established. Because the recovery process needs to balance the recovery benefit and the safety margin, the load recovery optimization is modeled as a multi-objective optimization problem that maximizes the weighted load and minimizes the node voltage offset. The multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming problem is transformed into a series of single-target mixed integer nonlinear programming with additional linear constraints, and a general-purpose algebraic modeling system is used to model and solve the problem. Compared with the existing method, the multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming model and the solution method for load recovery optimization have the advantages of high scheme feasibility and stable calculation result, and the like.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM732
本文編號(hào)：2491964
[Abstract]:With the increasing of the power supply dependence of the modern society, the economic loss and the social influence brought by the large power failure accident are becoming more and more serious, so it is of great significance to study how to realize the rapid and safe recovery of the power system after the large power failure accident. The reconstruction stage of the net frame is the key link in the process of system recovery after large power failure, and the main task of the phase recovery control is to realize the construction of the backbone network frame through the important plant station in the recovery system and the partial power transmission line. And the bearing capacity and the system strength of the restored net frame are improved through the restoration adjustment of the power transmission network, and the foundation is laid for comprehensive recovery of the load after the frame reconstruction. The coordination mechanism, the optimization strategy and the optimization method of each recovery main body in the reconstruction stage of the net frame are the core tasks of developing a reasonable and efficient network rack reconstruction scheme and accelerating the system recovery process. In this paper, a systematic and in-depth study of the problems such as the optimization of power transmission path, the optimization of the main unit and the special-level load coordination, the optimization of the ring network recovery decision and the optimization of the load coordination and recovery in the later stage of the frame reconstruction is carried out in the paper, The corresponding coordination and optimization model is set up for different problems, and the multi-objective optimization technique and the advanced mathematical programming method are used to solve the problem. The main contents of the paper are as follows: (1) The general power transmission path scheme set search and evaluation method is researched. In view of the complexity and changeability of the working condition after large power failure and the high possibility of the fault of the line, the optimization decision-making of the power transmission path is carried out according to the preferred method of determining the alternative route set. First, the hybrid integer programming iteration model of the universal alternative path set search is established through the deep study of the power transmission path optimization method based on the minimum cost flow model. Then, the evaluation index set of the power transmission path is constructed, and the alternative path set is comprehensively evaluated in combination with the approximate ideal gray correlation projection method. The proposed power transmission path optimization method provides more comprehensive decision support for the dispatching personnel. (2) Research on the global optimization method of the multi-objective coordinated frame reconstruction sub-period. Taking the super load into the recovery target of the frame reconstruction stage, taking into account various constraints, the overall optimization model of the frame reconstruction sub-period with the recovery effect of the coordination unit, the special-level load and the grid structure is established. In this paper, the two-step solution strategy of the time-period global optimization model is put forward by analyzing the parallel optimization model of the serial-parallel optimization of the recovery sequence, that is, the reference value of the determined period number is optimized first, and the recovery scheme is optimized by the global view angle. The time-period optimization model and the global optimization model based on the non-dominant-neighbor immune algorithm and the coefficient of variation are solved in this order. The proposed optimization strategy overcomes the shortcomings of the "step by step" optimization model in the coordination of decision-making in all time periods, and provides a new way to realize the global optimization of the recovery of the sub-period. (3) The optimization method of ring network recovery decision making with the aim of eliminating line overload is studied in the frame reconstruction. aiming at the problem that the power transmission network is not complete in the reconstruction phase of the net frame, the problem that the line power flow overload can occur during the successive recovery of the load is solved, a ring network recovery strategy aiming at eliminating the overload is put forward, namely, a local ring network is established through the operation part to be recovered, And the elimination of line overload can be realized. First, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model directly taking into account the constraints of the AC power flow is established. Further, a layered iteration method is proposed, and the optimal ring network recovery scheme satisfying the closing angle constraint is determined by the iterative solution between the main problem and the sub-problem. The proposed ring network recovery strategy can effectively enhance the system strength and bearing capacity while eliminating line overload, and the proposed layered iterative solution algorithm has higher calculation efficiency and has important reference value for on-line decision-making of system recovery. (4) The multi-objective optimization method of the post-load recovery in the post-reconstruction of the grid. The load recovery process at the later stage of the frame reconstruction recovery is modeled as a series of sequential execution recovery periods. The regulation process of the system frequency after the load is put into operation and the operation requirement of the system are analyzed in detail, and the corresponding constraint set is established. Because the recovery process needs to balance the recovery benefit and the safety margin, the load recovery optimization is modeled as a multi-objective optimization problem that maximizes the weighted load and minimizes the node voltage offset. The multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming problem is transformed into a series of single-target mixed integer nonlinear programming with additional linear constraints, and a general-purpose algebraic modeling system is used to model and solve the problem. Compared with the existing method, the multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming model and the solution method for load recovery optimization have the advantages of high scheme feasibility and stable calculation result, and the like.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM732
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