【摘要】：在我國(guó)電力體制改革中,出現(xiàn)了滿足一定條件的電力大用戶向發(fā)電企業(yè)直接購(gòu)買一定周期內(nèi)電力產(chǎn)品的行為,即大用戶直購(gòu)電。直購(gòu)交易政策實(shí)現(xiàn)了交易雙方的直接互動(dòng),使電力資源配置由傳統(tǒng)的管制模式向市場(chǎng)模式轉(zhuǎn)變,是打破電網(wǎng)公司壟斷地位,走向電力市場(chǎng)化的實(shí)質(zhì)性突破性舉措。與此同時(shí),近年來新能源發(fā)電技術(shù)以節(jié)能、環(huán)保、高效等特點(diǎn)成為我國(guó)重點(diǎn)扶持與發(fā)展的技術(shù)之一,可再生能源已從傳統(tǒng)集中發(fā)電的補(bǔ)充角色逐漸發(fā)展成為替代電源甚至是主力電源。但由于新能源自身隨機(jī)性間歇性的特點(diǎn)以及我國(guó)的集中性新能源發(fā)展政策,導(dǎo)致高滲透率大裝機(jī)容量的新能源電場(chǎng)就地消納困難,部分地區(qū)棄風(fēng)棄光問題突出。國(guó)內(nèi)許多可再生能源豐富的試點(diǎn)如冀北地區(qū),在開展大用戶直購(gòu)電與消納可再生能源的雙重背景下,直購(gòu)電政策將直接影響該地區(qū)新能源消納水平,亟需開展相關(guān)分析與研究。針對(duì)上述問題,本文通過以下工作研究不同售電模式對(duì)新能源消納的影響以期為冀北地區(qū)市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行方案與交易政策提供參考:1)從傳輸方式、參與模式、準(zhǔn)入資格、交易模式等多個(gè)方面總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)行大用戶直購(gòu)模式的特點(diǎn),并在此基礎(chǔ)上分析不同直購(gòu)模式對(duì)市場(chǎng)狀態(tài)和電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生的影響。2)建立了在大用戶直購(gòu)電背景下新能源發(fā)電企業(yè)參與傳統(tǒng)交易和直購(gòu)電交易兩種售電模式的經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度模型。3)考慮到直購(gòu)規(guī)模對(duì)電力市場(chǎng)中許多因素產(chǎn)生的影響,建立了直購(gòu)電量對(duì)直購(gòu)電價(jià)格的影響模型和直購(gòu)電價(jià)格對(duì)系統(tǒng)用電量的影響模型,并進(jìn)一步分析了直接交易的參與模式對(duì)電力調(diào)度的影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,考慮了電力市場(chǎng)中可能的動(dòng)態(tài)影響,對(duì)調(diào)度模型予以修正,使模型更加貼合實(shí)際運(yùn)行情況。4)針對(duì)我國(guó)冀北地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況,采用所提出的計(jì)及市場(chǎng)影響的經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度模型代入冀北不同售電模式進(jìn)行求解,并根據(jù)調(diào)度結(jié)果分析不同直購(gòu)電交易情況為該地區(qū)帶來的系統(tǒng)發(fā)電效益以及其對(duì)新能源消納的影響,算例分析驗(yàn)證了模型的有效性。研究結(jié)果表明,僅有火電廠參與直接交易將不同程度地對(duì)新能源消納產(chǎn)生不利影響,而允許新能源企業(yè)參與直購(gòu)將明顯改善試點(diǎn)地區(qū)的棄風(fēng)棄光問題。
[Abstract]:In the reform of electric power system in our country, there is a behavior that large power users who meet certain conditions buy power products directly from power generation enterprises in a certain period, that is, large users buy electricity directly. The direct purchase transaction policy realizes the direct interaction between the two sides of the transaction, and makes the allocation of power resources change from the traditional regulation mode to the market mode. It is a substantial breakthrough measure to break the monopoly position of the power grid company and move towards the electric power marketization. At the same time, in recent years, new energy power generation technology has become one of the key supporting and developing technologies in our country because of its characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency. Renewable energy has gradually developed from the supplementary role of traditional centralized power generation to alternative power supply and even the main power supply. However, due to the randomness and intermittent characteristics of new energy and the development policy of centralized new energy in China, it is difficult to absorb the new energy field with high permeability and large installed capacity, and the problem of abandoning wind and abandoning light in some areas is prominent. Many domestic pilot projects rich in renewable energy, such as northern Hebei, under the dual background of direct power purchase by large users and absorption of renewable energy, the policy of direct electricity purchase will directly affect the level of new energy consumption in this area, and it is urgent to carry out relevant analysis and research. In view of the above problems, this paper studies the influence of different power sales modes on new energy absorption through the following work, in order to provide reference for the market operation scheme and trading policy in northern Hebei: 1) from the transmission mode, participation mode, access qualification, The transaction mode and other aspects summarize the characteristics of the current direct purchase mode of large users in China. On this basis, the influence of different direct purchase modes on market state and power grid operation is analyzed. 2) under the background of direct power purchase by large users, two power sales modes, new energy power generation enterprises participating in traditional transactions and direct power purchase transactions, are established. Considering the influence of the scale of direct purchase on many factors in the power market. 3) taking into account the impact of the scale of direct purchase on many factors in the power market, The influence model of direct purchase electricity on direct purchase price and the influence model of direct purchase price on system electricity consumption are established, and the influence of direct transaction participation mode on power dispatching is further analyzed. On this basis, considering the possible dynamic influence in the power market, the dispatching model is modified to make the model more in line with the actual operation. 4) in view of the actual situation in northern Hebei, The proposed economic dispatching model, which takes into account the market impact, is used to solve the problem by using different power sales models in northern Hebei. According to the dispatching results, the system power generation benefits brought by different direct power purchase transactions and their influence on the absorption of new energy are analyzed, and the effectiveness of the model is verified by an example. The results show that only the participation of thermal power plants in direct trading will have a negative impact on the absorption of new energy in varying degrees, and allowing new energy enterprises to participate in direct purchase will obviously improve the problem of abandoning wind and abandoning light in the pilot area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM73

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