【摘要】：隨著人們生活水平和家居環(huán)境舒適度的提高,家用冰箱的噪聲性能已經(jīng)越來越受到人們的關(guān)注,間冷式冰箱風(fēng)道及噪聲的優(yōu)化工作對(duì)于節(jié)能減排和提高生活品質(zhì)具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)作用。本文結(jié)合計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD)和計(jì)算聲學(xué)的知識(shí),采用商用軟件FLUENT,對(duì)間冷式風(fēng)道流場(chǎng)的流動(dòng)特性和氣動(dòng)噪聲展開研究,旨在為冰箱風(fēng)道優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供參考,同時(shí)為縮短優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)間冷式冰箱風(fēng)道而開展的實(shí)驗(yàn)所需的時(shí)間提供支持。基于上述目標(biāo),本文主要開展了如下幾個(gè)方面的工作:1)采用商用CFD軟件FLUENT對(duì)冰箱風(fēng)道進(jìn)行流場(chǎng)和聲場(chǎng)的模擬計(jì)算,建立了用于間冷式風(fēng)道流場(chǎng)和噪聲預(yù)測(cè)計(jì)算的數(shù)值模型。在模型建立過程中,分析了動(dòng)靜區(qū)域耦合計(jì)算以及其他一些數(shù)值設(shè)定的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。2)結(jié)合冰箱風(fēng)道噪聲預(yù)測(cè)模型,詳細(xì)分析了冰箱風(fēng)道氣動(dòng)噪聲的聲源類別、噪聲種類及其頻譜特征。分析計(jì)算表明風(fēng)道噪聲的主要聲源是風(fēng)道出風(fēng)口、導(dǎo)流板和離心風(fēng)扇葉輪處產(chǎn)生的偶極子聲源,以及在頻率特性上體現(xiàn)了離散噪聲和寬帶噪聲疊加的效果,這些結(jié)論可為冰箱風(fēng)道的降噪提供思路和方法。3)對(duì)于離心風(fēng)扇處于不同轉(zhuǎn)速工況下的風(fēng)道流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,研究了其對(duì)應(yīng)的氣動(dòng)噪聲特點(diǎn);通過對(duì)風(fēng)道流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行仿真模擬,分析了導(dǎo)流板和離心風(fēng)扇葉片尾跡渦的產(chǎn)生原因,分析了風(fēng)道內(nèi)渦流及氣動(dòng)噪聲的關(guān)系;分析了導(dǎo)流板位置和出風(fēng)口收窄角度對(duì)風(fēng)道流場(chǎng)及噪聲的影響。4)通過數(shù)值和實(shí)驗(yàn)預(yù)測(cè)的方法驗(yàn)證了本文采用的計(jì)算方法和計(jì)算模型的適用性,為模型的普遍運(yùn)用提供了依據(jù)。分析了計(jì)算模型的計(jì)算區(qū)域獨(dú)立性和網(wǎng)格獨(dú)立性,并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與計(jì)算結(jié)果的對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明風(fēng)道的噪聲仿真計(jì)算值與實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量值相差較小,頻譜特征一致,誤差處于可接受的范圍。5)計(jì)算分析了不等距葉片和流道順滑這兩種降噪方法對(duì)于降低冰箱風(fēng)道總噪聲的影響狀況,為降低冰箱風(fēng)道噪聲提供指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standards and home environment comfort, the noise performance of household refrigerators has been paid more and more attention. The optimization of air duct and noise in intercooled refrigerator plays an important practical role in saving energy and reducing emissions and improving the quality of life. In this paper, based on the knowledge of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational acoustics, the flow characteristics and pneumatic noise of intercooled duct flow field are studied by using commercial software FLUENT, in order to provide reference for the optimal design of refrigerator air duct. At the same time, it provides support for shortening the experiment time needed to optimize the design of the air duct of the cold refrigerator. Based on the above objectives, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the commercial CFD software FLUENT is used to simulate the flow field and sound field of refrigerator air duct, and a numerical model for predicting the flow field and noise of intercooled air duct is established. In the process of establishing the model, the coupling calculation of dynamic and static region and some other numerical methods are analyzed. 2) combined with the prediction model of refrigerator duct noise, the sound source categories of pneumatic noise in refrigerator air duct are analyzed in detail. Noise types and their spectral characteristics. The analysis and calculation show that the main sound source of the duct noise is the dipole sound source produced at the outlet tuyere, the guide plate and the centrifugal fan impeller, and the effect of superposition of discrete noise and broadband noise is reflected in the frequency characteristics. These conclusions can provide ideas and methods for noise reduction of refrigerator air duct. 3) the flow field of centrifugal fan under different rotating speed is simulated, and its corresponding pneumatic noise characteristics are studied. Through the simulation of the flow field in the air duct, the causes of the wake vortex of the guide plate and the centrifugal fan blade are analyzed, and the relationship between the vortex and the pneumatic noise in the duct is analyzed. The influence of the position of the guide plate and the narrowing angle of the outlet on the flow field and noise of the duct is analyzed. 4) the applicability of the calculation method and the calculation model used in this paper is verified by numerical and experimental prediction methods. It provides a basis for the universal application of the model. The computational region independence and grid independence of the calculation model are analyzed, and the experimental results are compared with the calculated results. The results show that the noise simulation results of the air duct are less different from the experimental values, and the spectrum characteristics are consistent. The error is in an acceptable range. 5) the influence of two noise reduction methods, unequal distance blade and smooth flow channel, on reducing the total noise of refrigerator air duct is calculated and analyzed, which provides guidance for reducing the noise of refrigerator air duct.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM925.21

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本文編號(hào)：2484004