【摘要】：隨著我國電網(wǎng)的迅速發(fā)展,電網(wǎng)規(guī)模日益擴(kuò)張,系統(tǒng)容量和負(fù)荷隨之增長,短路電流超標(biāo)逐漸成為突出問題之一。在我國一些經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū),短路電流已經(jīng)超過了目前斷路器的開斷能力。短路電流超標(biāo)會嚴(yán)重危害電力系統(tǒng)的安全,還會帶來電能質(zhì)量下降、電壓跌落等問題,因此,短路電流超標(biāo)的問題必須加以重視和解決。近幾年國內(nèi)外針對短路故障電流的研究結(jié)果表明,故障限流器(Fault Current Limiter,FCL)對于解決短路故障中的電流過大和電壓降落問題效果明顯,因此有必要對故障限流器及其關(guān)鍵技術(shù)展開研究。首先,本文在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外各類型故障限流器和傳統(tǒng)限流電抗器的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種基于快速開關(guān)技術(shù)的新型故障限流器,并對其進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究。分析介紹了快速開關(guān)型故障限流器的工作原理和拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),利用MATLAB/Simulink軟件對其限流效果進(jìn)行了仿真分析,并根據(jù)快速開關(guān)型故障限流器的特性對其安裝位置進(jìn)行了分析和優(yōu)化配置,給出了建議安裝位置。其次,本文研究了快速開關(guān)型故障限流器的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。針對快速開關(guān)電弧熄滅困難的問題和開斷過程中電流難以快速轉(zhuǎn)移的問題,本文提出了電流過零點開斷方案,解決了上述問題,提高了快速開關(guān)的開斷能力和使用壽命。為縮短開關(guān)動作時間,研究了一種快速渦流驅(qū)動的新型電磁斥力快速開關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu),介紹了其工作原理和電磁力計算方法,得出了符合動作時間要求的參數(shù)。針對電流過零點開斷方案中的轉(zhuǎn)移過電壓問題,利用MATLAB/Simulink軟件進(jìn)行了仿真分析,提出了解決方案。本文對快速開關(guān)型故障限流器的節(jié)能效果進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的計算分析,并對其經(jīng)濟(jì)效益進(jìn)行了分析,證明了快速開關(guān)型故障限流器的節(jié)能效果和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。最后,本文研究了系統(tǒng)接入快速開關(guān)型故障限流器后對電力系統(tǒng)的影響。主要研究了對系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的影響和對斷路器開斷特性的影響,并對系統(tǒng)接入故障限流器后斷路器斷口恢復(fù)電壓上升率增大的問題提出了解決建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of power grid in our country, the scale of power grid is expanding day by day, the capacity and load of the system increase, and the short circuit current exceeding the standard gradually becomes one of the outstanding problems. In some economically developed areas of our country, the short circuit current has exceeded the breaking capacity of circuit breakers at present. Short-circuit current exceeding the standard will seriously endanger the safety of power system, but also bring about the decline of power quality, voltage drop and other problems. Therefore, the problem of short-circuit current exceeding the standard must be paid attention to and solved. The research results of short circuit fault current at home and abroad in recent years show that fault current limiter (Fault Current Limiter,FCL) has obvious effect on solving the problem of excessive current and voltage drop in short circuit fault. Therefore, it is necessary to study the fault current limiter and its key technologies. Firstly, based on the summary of various types of fault current limiter and traditional current limiter at home and abroad, a new type of fault current limiter based on fast switching technology is proposed in this paper, and its related research is carried out. The working principle and topological structure of fast switching fault current limiter are analyzed and introduced, and the current limiting effect is simulated and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The installation position of the fast switching fault current limiter is analyzed and optimized according to the characteristics of the fast switching fault current limiter, and the recommended installation position is given. Secondly, the key technology of fast switching fault current limiter is studied in this paper. In order to solve the problem that the arc of fast switch is difficult to extinguish and the current is difficult to transfer rapidly in the process of breaking, a zero-crossing breaking scheme of current is put forward in this paper, which solves the above problems and improves the breaking capacity and service life of fast switch. In order to shorten the switching time, a new type of fast switching structure of electromagnetic repulsive force driven by fast vortex is studied, its working principle and calculation method of electromagnetic force are introduced, and the parameters that meet the requirements of operation time are obtained. Aiming at the problem of transfer overvoltage in the current zero-crossing breaking scheme, the simulation analysis is carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink software, and the solution is put forward. In this paper, the energy saving effect of fast switching fault current limiter is calculated and analyzed in detail, and its economic benefit is analyzed, which proves the energy saving effect and economy of fast switching fault current limiter. Finally, the influence of fast switching fault current limiter on power system is studied in this paper. This paper mainly studies the influence on the transient stability of the system and the breaking characteristics of the circuit breaker, and puts forward some suggestions for solving the problem of the increase of the recovery voltage of the circuit breaker fracture after the system is connected to the fault current limiter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM471

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本文編號：2476685