無銦聚合物太陽能電池透明電極及其界面調(diào)控
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-10 14:45
【摘要】：聚合物太陽能電池(PSCs)因其輕巧便攜、可彎折、易于加工等特點而備受研究者們的青睞。通常,PSCs以氧化銦錫(ITO)透明導(dǎo)電薄膜為電極制備而成,但ITO電極生產(chǎn)成本昂貴、機械性能差以及和界面層材料之間存在接觸缺陷,因而在一定程度上限制了PSCs的進一步發(fā)展。本文以PSCs的電極和界面層為出發(fā)點,深入研究電極和界面層之間存在的科學(xué)問題,設(shè)計和制備出高效穩(wěn)定廉價的無銦PSCs。本論文主要從如下兩個方面開展研究工作,首先,針對經(jīng)典的氧化鋅陰極界面層(ZnO ETL)存在導(dǎo)電性差、能級不匹配的問題。我們通過物理法制備了可高度分散的高導(dǎo)電性能的片層石墨烯材料(石墨烯:乙基纖維素(G:EC)),并以其為基底原位生長ZnO納米粒子,從而獲得一種新型的ETL(ZnO@G:EC)。而且,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)當在ZnO前驅(qū)體溶液中摻入1%體積的G:EC乙醇分散液時,這種ZnO@G:EC(1 v%)ETL相對于純的ZnO ETL表面更為平滑、導(dǎo)電性能更高且能級更為匹配。將這種新型的ETL依次用于基于P3HT:PC61BM或PTB7:PC71BM活性層的PSCs器件中,電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率(PCE)都明顯提高。其次,針對ITO電極的弊端,設(shè)計并制備一種低成本可溶液加工的、高導(dǎo)電性能的透明電極。我們是以導(dǎo)電聚合物聚(3,4-乙撐二氧噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸鹽)(PEDOT:PSS)為墨水原料。采用聚乙二醇4000(PEG4000)添加劑前處理墨水和硫酸(H_2SO_4)后處理其薄膜的方法,制備大面積S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000(6.5%)無銦透明電極,并應(yīng)用于PSCs中。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過上述方法處理的S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000(6.5%)薄膜導(dǎo)電性明顯增強,其電導(dǎo)率達到了4027.4 S cm-1,而且處理后其功函數(shù)也發(fā)生了改變。通過對其進行相關(guān)光電性能的表征并運用于PSCs器件中,發(fā)現(xiàn)S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000(6.5%)薄膜是一種很好的負極材料。因該新型的ETL和負極材料均表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的電學(xué)性能,且價格便宜,都能夠溶液制備,此外,器件的性能與材料的導(dǎo)電性能又密切相關(guān),所以基于上述新型材料的ITO-free PSCs相比于傳統(tǒng)的基于ITO電極的器件具有更大的優(yōu)勢和更廣闊的商業(yè)應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Polymer solar cell (PSCs) has been favored by researchers because of its portability, bending and easy processing. Generally, PSCs is made of indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive film as electrode, but ITO electrode is expensive to produce, poor mechanical properties and contact defects with interface layer materials. Therefore, to a certain extent, the further development of PSCs is limited. In this paper, based on the electrode and interface layer of PSCs, the scientific problems between electrode and interface layer are deeply studied, and the efficient, stable and cheap indium-free PSCs. is designed and fabricated. This thesis mainly focuses on the following two aspects: firstly, for the classical zinc oxide cathode interface layer (ZnO ETL), there exists the problem of poor conductivity and mismatch of energy levels. Graphene: ethyl cellulose (G:EC),) lamellar graphene materials (graphene: ethyl cellulose) were prepared by physical method and in situ ZnO nanoparticles were grown on the base of graphene: ethyl cellulose (graphene: ethyl cellulose). A new type of ETL (ZnO@G:EC) is obtained. Moreover, it is found that when 1% volume of G:EC ethanol dispersion is added into the ZnO precursor solution, the ZnO@G:EC (1 v%) ETL is smoother than the pure ZnO ETL surface, the conductivity is higher and the energy level is more matching. When the new ETL is used in PSCs devices based on P3HT:PC61BM or PTB7:PC71BM active layer in turn, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the battery is obviously improved. Secondly, aiming at the disadvantages of ITO electrode, a transparent electrode with low cost and high conductivity was designed and fabricated. We used conductive polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as ink raw material. Large area S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) indium free transparent electrode was prepared by pretreatment of ink and sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) with polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) additive and applied to PSCs. It is found that the conductivity of S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin films treated by the above method is obviously enhanced, and the conductivity reaches 4027.4 S cm-1, and the work function of the films is also changed after treatment. Through the characterization of its optoelectronic properties and its application in PSCs devices, it is found that S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin film is a good negative electrode material. Because the new ETL and negative electrode materials show excellent electrical properties and cheap price, they can be prepared by solution. In addition, the properties of the devices are closely related to the electrical conductivity of the materials. Therefore, ITO-free PSCs based on the above new materials has more advantages and broader commercial application prospects than the traditional devices based on ITO electrodes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4
本文編號：2473731
[Abstract]:Polymer solar cell (PSCs) has been favored by researchers because of its portability, bending and easy processing. Generally, PSCs is made of indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive film as electrode, but ITO electrode is expensive to produce, poor mechanical properties and contact defects with interface layer materials. Therefore, to a certain extent, the further development of PSCs is limited. In this paper, based on the electrode and interface layer of PSCs, the scientific problems between electrode and interface layer are deeply studied, and the efficient, stable and cheap indium-free PSCs. is designed and fabricated. This thesis mainly focuses on the following two aspects: firstly, for the classical zinc oxide cathode interface layer (ZnO ETL), there exists the problem of poor conductivity and mismatch of energy levels. Graphene: ethyl cellulose (G:EC),) lamellar graphene materials (graphene: ethyl cellulose) were prepared by physical method and in situ ZnO nanoparticles were grown on the base of graphene: ethyl cellulose (graphene: ethyl cellulose). A new type of ETL (ZnO@G:EC) is obtained. Moreover, it is found that when 1% volume of G:EC ethanol dispersion is added into the ZnO precursor solution, the ZnO@G:EC (1 v%) ETL is smoother than the pure ZnO ETL surface, the conductivity is higher and the energy level is more matching. When the new ETL is used in PSCs devices based on P3HT:PC61BM or PTB7:PC71BM active layer in turn, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the battery is obviously improved. Secondly, aiming at the disadvantages of ITO electrode, a transparent electrode with low cost and high conductivity was designed and fabricated. We used conductive polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as ink raw material. Large area S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) indium free transparent electrode was prepared by pretreatment of ink and sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) with polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) additive and applied to PSCs. It is found that the conductivity of S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin films treated by the above method is obviously enhanced, and the conductivity reaches 4027.4 S cm-1, and the work function of the films is also changed after treatment. Through the characterization of its optoelectronic properties and its application in PSCs devices, it is found that S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin film is a good negative electrode material. Because the new ETL and negative electrode materials show excellent electrical properties and cheap price, they can be prepared by solution. In addition, the properties of the devices are closely related to the electrical conductivity of the materials. Therefore, ITO-free PSCs based on the above new materials has more advantages and broader commercial application prospects than the traditional devices based on ITO electrodes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 何有軍;李永舫;;聚合物太陽電池光伏材料[J];化學(xué)進展;2009年11期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 張梅;聚乙二醇/聚乙烯醇高分子固—固相變材料的合成與性能研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2004年
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