【摘要】：隨著風(fēng)電大規(guī)模的并網(wǎng),電網(wǎng)頻率穩(wěn)定問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)峻。對(duì)于目前廣泛采用的雙饋異步風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組,利用轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)變流裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)變速恒頻,從而當(dāng)系統(tǒng)頻率發(fā)生變化時(shí),其轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速無(wú)法響應(yīng)電網(wǎng)頻率的變化,而且機(jī)組通常運(yùn)行于最大功率跟蹤模式下,使其無(wú)法提供額外的有功功率參與頻率調(diào)節(jié)。目前,對(duì)風(fēng)電機(jī)組一次調(diào)頻的研究主要集中在功能實(shí)現(xiàn)方面,本文主要針對(duì)雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組一次調(diào)頻能力方面展開(kāi)研究。首先,分析了雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的工作原理并建立其數(shù)學(xué)模型,包括風(fēng)速模型、風(fēng)力機(jī)模型、軸系系統(tǒng)模型、發(fā)電機(jī)模型及控制系統(tǒng)模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)換流器定子磁鏈?zhǔn)付慷ㄏ蚩刂撇呗�、網(wǎng)側(cè)換流器電壓矢量定向控制策略和槳距角控制策略。其次,介紹了電力系統(tǒng)頻率調(diào)節(jié)的基本原理和一次調(diào)頻的基本要求,給出了雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組參與系統(tǒng)一次調(diào)頻的原理方案,并對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)能控制和功率備用控制兩種頻率控制方法進(jìn)行了分析和比較。然后,根據(jù)不同風(fēng)速條件,制定了超速控制和槳距角控制結(jié)合的減載控制策略。低風(fēng)速時(shí),采用超速控制進(jìn)行減載;中風(fēng)速時(shí),采用超速控制和槳距角控制結(jié)合的減載控制策略;高風(fēng)速時(shí),采用漿距角控進(jìn)行減載。并建立雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組一次調(diào)頻控制系統(tǒng)仿真模型,進(jìn)行仿真分析。得出了減載控制可以在不同控制模式下都能為系統(tǒng)調(diào)頻提供足夠的備用容量。最后,在三種減載控制策略的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)能控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組次調(diào)頻協(xié)調(diào)控制策略,并與傳統(tǒng)的組合控制策略進(jìn)行了仿真對(duì)比。仿真結(jié)果表明,協(xié)調(diào)控制策略不僅使風(fēng)電機(jī)夠的備用容量,而且具有良好的頻率響應(yīng)特性。
[Abstract]:With the large-scale wind power grid-connected, the problem of power grid frequency stability is becoming more and more serious. For the widely used doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine, variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) is realized by rotor side converter, so that the rotor speed can not respond to the change of power network frequency when the system frequency changes. Moreover, the unit usually operates in the maximum power tracking mode, which makes it impossible to provide additional active power to participate in frequency regulation. At present, the primary frequency modulation of wind turbine is mainly focused on the realization of function. This paper mainly focuses on the primary frequency modulation capability of doubly-fed wind turbine. Firstly, the working principle of doubly-fed wind turbine is analyzed and its mathematical model is established, including wind speed model, wind turbine model, shaft system model, generator model and control system model. On this basis, the stator flux vector oriented control strategy, voltage vector oriented control strategy and pitch angle control strategy of rotor side converter are studied. Secondly, the basic principle of frequency regulation of power system and the basic requirements of primary frequency modulation are introduced, and the principle scheme of doubly-fed wind turbine participating in primary frequency modulation of the system is given. Two frequency control methods, rotor dynamic energy control and power standby control, are analyzed and compared. Then, according to different wind speed conditions, a load-reducing control strategy combining overspeed control and pitch angle control is proposed. At low wind speed, overspeed control is used to reduce load; medium wind speed is controlled by combination of overspeed control and pitch angle control; at high wind speed, slurry distance angle control is used to reduce load. The simulation model of primary frequency modulation control system of doubly-fed wind turbine is set up, and the simulation analysis is carried out. It is concluded that the load shedding control can provide sufficient reserve capacity for FM system in different control modes. Finally, on the basis of three kinds of load-reducing control strategies, combined with generator rotor dynamic energy control, the sub-FM coordinated control strategy of doubly-fed wind turbine is realized, and the simulation results are compared with the traditional combined control strategy. The simulation results show that the coordinated control strategy not only makes enough backup capacity of wind turbine, but also has good frequency response characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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