基于MATLAB的單相組串型光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的設(shè)計
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-22 10:06
【摘要】：本文以5KW的單相組串型光伏逆變器為主要研究對象,在本文中以更低輸出諧波,更高的轉(zhuǎn)換效率,更穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行為目標(biāo),將單相組串型光伏逆變器分為兩個主要的研究方向:(1)光伏陣列的最大功率點(diǎn)追蹤(MPPT)技術(shù)(2)并網(wǎng)逆變器控制策略的研究和參數(shù)設(shè)計。(3)LCL型濾波器的參數(shù)設(shè)計和優(yōu)化。針對以上三個研究方向,本文主要的研究工作和成果如下:第一,要對光伏陣列的最大功率點(diǎn)追蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,首先需要分析光伏電池的工作原理,建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,然后再對單個光伏電池建立matlab仿真模型,最后針對U-P輸出特性為多波峰的情況建立了光伏陣列的仿真模型。第二,對于光伏陣列的最大功率點(diǎn)追蹤(MPPT)技術(shù),其關(guān)鍵在于如何提高M(jìn)PPT跟蹤的快速性以及防止追蹤進(jìn)入局部最優(yōu),針對以上兩個問題,先討論傳統(tǒng)的MPPT方法,針對其方法易陷入局部最優(yōu)的缺點(diǎn)引入基于粒子群算法的MPPT方法,最后針對其大粒子情況下跟蹤速度較差的缺點(diǎn)提出基于加入擾動的粒子群算法的MPPT方法,分析運(yùn)行原理,建立仿真模型,分析仿真結(jié)果。證明其方法能使光伏系統(tǒng)又快又準(zhǔn)確的追蹤到最大輸出點(diǎn)。第三,針對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制策略,首先對單相并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了簡單介紹。隨后介紹了電網(wǎng)電壓前饋的工作原理,然后分析了電網(wǎng)電壓前饋的原理與不足。然后在此基礎(chǔ)上介紹了幾種經(jīng)典的控制器,包括PR控制器和準(zhǔn)PR控制器,分析這幾種控制器的優(yōu)劣。最后引入了的加入諧波補(bǔ)償環(huán)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制器,在具體介紹之前先對輸出電流中低次諧波的來源進(jìn)行分析。然后介紹了加入諧波補(bǔ)償環(huán)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制器以及其與準(zhǔn)比例控制器二者之間的差別、使用場景,最后對其控制器的參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)計。第四,對于單相組串型光伏逆變器濾波環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計,在本文中首先對L型、LC型、LCL型濾波器進(jìn)行比較,介紹了LCL濾波的優(yōu)越性,然后分析了LCL濾波器設(shè)計時的限制條件,最后針對本文中選取的5KW單相逆變器進(jìn)行LCL型濾波器中參數(shù)選擇,由于本文中的開關(guān)頻率與濾波器的諧振頻率相近,故在LCL的基礎(chǔ)上在其并聯(lián)電容支路上串聯(lián)一個小電感以達(dá)到消除諧振尖峰的目的。在文章的最后,通過simulink仿真組件建立了文章中光伏系統(tǒng)的仿真模型驗(yàn)證了提出的方法、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計以及參數(shù)設(shè)計的優(yōu)越性。對輸出電流的諧波進(jìn)行分析然后對比傳統(tǒng)的控制策略。并在在文章中進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the single-phase series photovoltaic inverter of 5KW is the main research object. In this paper, we aim at lower harmonic output, higher conversion efficiency and more stable operation. Single-phase cascade photovoltaic inverter is divided into two main research directions: (1) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array (2) control strategy and parameter design of grid-connected inverter. (3) LCL filter. Parameter design and optimization of the filter. In view of the above three research directions, the main research work and achievements of this paper are as follows: first, in order to study the maximum power point tracking technology of photovoltaic arrays, we need to analyze the working principle of photovoltaic cells and establish a mathematical model. Then the matlab simulation model of a single photovoltaic cell is established. Finally, the simulation model of the photovoltaic array is established for the case that the output characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is a multi-wave peak. Secondly, for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array, its key lies in how to improve the speed of MPPT tracking and prevent the tracking from entering the local optimum. To solve the above two problems, the traditional MPPT method is discussed first. The MPPT method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced to overcome the disadvantage of local optimization. Finally, the MPPT method based on perturbation particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed for the disadvantage of poor tracking speed in the case of large particle size, and the operation principle is analyzed. The simulation model is established and the simulation results are analyzed. It is proved that the photovoltaic system can track the maximum output point quickly and accurately. Thirdly, aiming at the control strategy of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the control structure and mathematical model of single-phase grid-connected inverter are introduced briefly. Then the paper introduces the working principle of power network voltage feedforward, and then analyzes the principle and deficiency of power network voltage feedforward. Then several classical controllers, including PR controller and quasi-PR controller, are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of these controllers are analyzed. Finally, a quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation is introduced. Before the detailed introduction, the source of low harmonic in the output current is analyzed. Then the quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation and the difference between the controller and the quasi-proportional controller are introduced. Finally, the parameters of the controller are designed. Fourthly, for the design of filter link of single-phase series photovoltaic inverter, this paper first compares L-type, LC-type, LCL-type filter, introduces the superiority of LCL filter, and then analyzes the limitation of LCL filter design. Finally, the parameters of the LCL filter are selected for the 5KW single-phase inverter in this paper, because the switching frequency in this paper is similar to the resonant frequency of the filter. Therefore, on the basis of LCL, a small inductor is connected in series on the shunt capacitor branch to eliminate the resonance spike. At the end of the paper, the simulation model of photovoltaic system is established by simulink simulation module, and the advantages of the proposed method, structure design and parameter design are verified. The harmonic of the output current is analyzed and compared with the traditional control strategy. And in the article carries on the experiment verification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM464
本文編號：2462745
[Abstract]:In this paper, the single-phase series photovoltaic inverter of 5KW is the main research object. In this paper, we aim at lower harmonic output, higher conversion efficiency and more stable operation. Single-phase cascade photovoltaic inverter is divided into two main research directions: (1) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array (2) control strategy and parameter design of grid-connected inverter. (3) LCL filter. Parameter design and optimization of the filter. In view of the above three research directions, the main research work and achievements of this paper are as follows: first, in order to study the maximum power point tracking technology of photovoltaic arrays, we need to analyze the working principle of photovoltaic cells and establish a mathematical model. Then the matlab simulation model of a single photovoltaic cell is established. Finally, the simulation model of the photovoltaic array is established for the case that the output characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is a multi-wave peak. Secondly, for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array, its key lies in how to improve the speed of MPPT tracking and prevent the tracking from entering the local optimum. To solve the above two problems, the traditional MPPT method is discussed first. The MPPT method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced to overcome the disadvantage of local optimization. Finally, the MPPT method based on perturbation particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed for the disadvantage of poor tracking speed in the case of large particle size, and the operation principle is analyzed. The simulation model is established and the simulation results are analyzed. It is proved that the photovoltaic system can track the maximum output point quickly and accurately. Thirdly, aiming at the control strategy of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the control structure and mathematical model of single-phase grid-connected inverter are introduced briefly. Then the paper introduces the working principle of power network voltage feedforward, and then analyzes the principle and deficiency of power network voltage feedforward. Then several classical controllers, including PR controller and quasi-PR controller, are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of these controllers are analyzed. Finally, a quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation is introduced. Before the detailed introduction, the source of low harmonic in the output current is analyzed. Then the quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation and the difference between the controller and the quasi-proportional controller are introduced. Finally, the parameters of the controller are designed. Fourthly, for the design of filter link of single-phase series photovoltaic inverter, this paper first compares L-type, LC-type, LCL-type filter, introduces the superiority of LCL filter, and then analyzes the limitation of LCL filter design. Finally, the parameters of the LCL filter are selected for the 5KW single-phase inverter in this paper, because the switching frequency in this paper is similar to the resonant frequency of the filter. Therefore, on the basis of LCL, a small inductor is connected in series on the shunt capacitor branch to eliminate the resonance spike. At the end of the paper, the simulation model of photovoltaic system is established by simulink simulation module, and the advantages of the proposed method, structure design and parameter design are verified. The harmonic of the output current is analyzed and compared with the traditional control strategy. And in the article carries on the experiment verification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM464
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