【摘要】：在高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)中,換流變壓器是重要設(shè)備之一,它的電、磁、熱、機(jī)械性能對(duì)電網(wǎng)的安全、可靠運(yùn)行至關(guān)重要。由于換流變壓器運(yùn)行時(shí)含有高次諧波電流,因此,其漏磁場(chǎng)及相關(guān)性能參數(shù)計(jì)算較普通變壓器的性能計(jì)算更加復(fù)雜,產(chǎn)生的可靠性問題也更加突出,而傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或解析方法已很難滿足設(shè)計(jì)性能要求,為此,本論文針對(duì)典型換流變壓器的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及設(shè)計(jì)性能分析,通過將實(shí)際復(fù)雜的三維非線性、非正弦瞬態(tài)渦流場(chǎng)計(jì)算問題進(jìn)行合理簡(jiǎn)化,并轉(zhuǎn)化為二維或三維等效計(jì)算問題,以提高計(jì)算效率及滿足產(chǎn)品性能要求。因此,對(duì)換流變壓器漏磁場(chǎng)以及短路阻抗、短路機(jī)械力等性能參數(shù)進(jìn)行工程計(jì)算研究,有著非常重要的工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值和理論意義。本文進(jìn)行的主要研究工作如下:(1)查閱和了解國(guó)內(nèi)外換流變壓器及電磁場(chǎng)的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料,在此基礎(chǔ)上通過對(duì)典型換流變壓器的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析并合理簡(jiǎn)化,利用通用電磁軟件Mag Net建立了非正弦激勵(lì)的二維瞬態(tài)場(chǎng)計(jì)算模型,并且對(duì)漏磁場(chǎng)的分布進(jìn)行了仿真分析以及短路阻抗的計(jì)算驗(yàn)證;(2)從工程應(yīng)用出發(fā)進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)化等效為正弦穩(wěn)態(tài)場(chǎng),利用數(shù)值計(jì)算與解析相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)換流變壓器漏磁場(chǎng)、短路機(jī)械力和附加損耗進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計(jì)算與諧波影響的驗(yàn)證分析,得到了指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)品的應(yīng)用結(jié)論和有效的工程計(jì)算方法;(3)利用國(guó)際基準(zhǔn)模型和三維有限元計(jì)算軟件,對(duì)比分析了表面阻抗法與分層法在計(jì)算導(dǎo)磁鋼板雜散損耗方面的性能特點(diǎn),得出了用表面阻抗邊界法計(jì)算換流變壓器金屬結(jié)構(gòu)件三維雜散損耗,能有效地提高計(jì)算效率和滿足產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)需要等的工程應(yīng)用結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:In HVDC transmission system, converter transformer is one of the most important equipments. Its electrical, magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties are very important to the safe and reliable operation of the power network. Because the converter transformer has high harmonic current in operation, the calculation of leakage magnetic field and related performance parameters is more complicated than that of ordinary transformer, and the reliability problem is more prominent. However, the traditional experience or analytical method has been difficult to meet the requirements of design performance. Therefore, according to the structural characteristics and design performance analysis of typical converter transformers, this paper analyzes the actual complexity of three-dimensional nonlinearity through the analysis of the structure characteristics and design performance of typical converter transformers. The calculation problem of non-sinusoidal transient eddy current field is reasonably simplified and transformed into two-dimensional or three-dimensional equivalent calculation problem in order to improve the calculation efficiency and meet the requirements of product performance. Therefore, the research on leakage magnetic field, short circuit impedance, short circuit mechanical force and other performance parameters of converter transformer has very important engineering application value and theoretical significance. The main research work carried out in this paper is as follows: (1) look up and understand the relevant literature of converter transformer and electromagnetic field at home and abroad, on this basis, through the analysis of the typical converter transformer structure characteristics and reasonable simplification, The two-dimensional transient field model of non-sinusoidal excitation is established by using the general electromagnetic software Mag Net, and the distribution of leakage magnetic field is simulated and verified by the calculation of short circuit impedance. (2) based on the engineering application, the equivalent sinusoidal steady state field is further simplified. The leakage magnetic field, short circuit mechanical force and additional loss of converter transformer are calculated by numerical calculation and analytical method, and the harmonic effect is verified and analyzed. The application conclusion and effective engineering calculation method of the guiding product are obtained. (3) by using the international benchmark model and three-dimensional finite element software, the performance characteristics of the surface impedance method and the layered method in calculating stray loss of magnetic conductive steel plate are compared and analyzed. It is concluded that the method of surface impedance boundary can be used to calculate the three-dimensional stray loss of the metal structure of converter transformer, which can effectively improve the calculation efficiency and meet the needs of product design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM42

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