【摘要】：新能源分布式發(fā)電憑借其環(huán)境友好,可再生等優(yōu)點,并網(wǎng)電能比重不斷增加,但在高滲透率并網(wǎng)接入的背景下,對傳統(tǒng)電網(wǎng)的規(guī)劃設計與穩(wěn)定運行帶來挑戰(zhàn)。功率變換器件具有實時性、準確性和高效性等一些突出優(yōu)點,可以促進可再生能源發(fā)電系統(tǒng)與大電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)之間能量的高效、靈活轉(zhuǎn)化,這對于推動未來智能電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展起到重要作用。無電壓傳感器方法在并網(wǎng)變流器中的應用能夠節(jié)省一定的硬件資源,提高系統(tǒng)運行的可靠性,對擴展可再生能源開發(fā)和優(yōu)化配電網(wǎng)的運行與建設具有重要意義。首先針對三相三線制電壓型PWM變流器介紹了其在不同坐標系中數(shù)學模型及基本控制策略,分析了瞬時功率理論在功率變換器件中的應用并闡述變流器在自然坐標系中基于電壓定向的控制策略。然后系統(tǒng)闡述了無電壓傳感器控制策略方法的研究,包括基于虛擬電機磁鏈的無電壓傳感器方法,提出基于二階廣義積分濾波原理的無電壓傳感器觀測方法以及基于三階廣義積分濾波原理的無電壓傳感器觀測方法,并統(tǒng)一在自然坐標系中利用估算所得電壓信息進行定向控制。按照平均值模型方法結(jié)合占空比信號來代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)開關信號重新描述變流器模型,論證了所提基于廣義積分方法所構(gòu)建出的電壓觀測環(huán)節(jié)的方法。進一步的對比分析了三種無電壓傳感器方法所得網(wǎng)側(cè)電壓估算值,利用快速傅里葉變換繪出估算電壓諧波含量圖,比較了各方法所得電壓的總諧波畸變率大小。在同等實驗條件下,針對三種無電壓傳感器方法分別加入一定量的直流偏移分量,得出基于三階廣義積分濾波的無電壓傳感器方法具有更好的抑制直流分量的功能,并測試該策略在接入光伏并網(wǎng)逆變工作狀態(tài)中的性能。最后,基于dSPACE搭建了并網(wǎng)變流器實驗平臺并驗證文中所述三種無電壓傳感器控制策略。對比分析試驗結(jié)果表明,在自然坐標系中基于三種無電壓傳感器方法所得電壓估算信息進行定向控制均可良好運行,其中基于廣義積分方法所得網(wǎng)側(cè)電壓信息較傳統(tǒng)基于虛擬電機磁鏈方法其總諧波畸變率更小,具有更好的準確性,且基于三階廣義積分濾波的電壓估算方法具有更好直流分量抑制能力。
[Abstract]:New energy distributed power generation has the advantages of environment-friendly and renewable, and the proportion of grid-connected electric energy is increasing. However, under the background of high permeability connected to the grid, it brings challenges to the planning and design and stable operation of the traditional power grid. The power converter has some outstanding advantages, such as real-time, accuracy and high efficiency, which can promote the efficient and flexible conversion of energy between the renewable energy generation system and the large power grid system. This plays an important role in promoting the future development of smart grid. The application of voltage sensor-free method in grid-connected converter can save a certain amount of hardware resources and improve the reliability of system operation. It is of great significance to expand the development of renewable energy and optimize the operation and construction of distribution network. Firstly, the mathematical model and basic control strategy of three-phase three-wire voltage source PWM converter in different coordinate systems are introduced. The application of instantaneous power theory in power converter is analyzed and the control strategy based on voltage orientation in natural coordinate system is expounded. Then, the control strategy of voltage-free sensor is studied systematically, including the method of voltage-free sensor based on virtual motor flux linkage. Based on the second-order generalized integral filtering principle and the third-order generalized integral filtering principle, a voltage-free sensor-free observation method is proposed. And unified in the natural coordinate system using the estimated voltage information for directional control. According to the mean value model method and duty cycle signal to replace the traditional switching signal to redescribe the converter model, the proposed method of voltage observation based on the generalized integral method is demonstrated. The network side voltage estimation values obtained by three non-voltage sensor methods are compared and analyzed. The estimated voltage harmonic content diagram is plotted by fast Fourier transform, and the total harmonic distortion rate of the voltage obtained by each method is compared. Under the same experimental conditions, the voltage-free sensor method based on the third-order generalized integral filter can restrain the DC component better than the other three non-voltage sensor methods, by adding a certain amount of DC offset components to each of the three non-voltage sensor methods, which is based on the third-order generalized integral filtering. The performance of this strategy in grid-connected inverter is tested. Finally, a grid-connected converter experimental platform is built based on dSPACE, and the three control strategies without voltage sensor are verified. The experimental results show that the directional control based on the voltage estimation information obtained by three non-voltage sensor methods can operate well in the natural coordinate system. Compared with the traditional virtual motor flux linkage method, the total harmonic distortion rate is smaller and the accuracy is better than the traditional virtual motor flux method, which is based on the generalized integral method to obtain the voltage information on the grid side. The voltage estimation method based on the third-order generalized integral filter has better DC component suppression ability.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM46

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