【摘要】：由于環(huán)境污染以及能源危機(jī)問題的日益加重,基于清潔可再生能源的分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)得到了快速發(fā)展,為了能夠更好的消納分布式電源的出力以及穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng)的正常運(yùn)行,微網(wǎng)技術(shù)得到了不斷的發(fā)展。微電網(wǎng)中的微源大多是通過電力電子逆變器實(shí)現(xiàn)與大電網(wǎng)的并聯(lián)運(yùn)行,在受到擾動(dòng)或故障情況下,對(duì)于基于逆變器接口的分布式電源而言,其動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速度快,幾乎沒有慣性,無法像傳統(tǒng)同步發(fā)電機(jī)一樣利用旋轉(zhuǎn)部件的旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性來抑制功率或頻率的波動(dòng),在孤島運(yùn)行時(shí)難以為電網(wǎng)提供電壓及頻率支撐作用。同時(shí),對(duì)于冗余配置的并聯(lián)逆變器機(jī)組間,由于電路參數(shù)或者開關(guān)元件動(dòng)作不完全一致等因素,將會(huì)在并聯(lián)機(jī)組之間出現(xiàn)環(huán)流,對(duì)于環(huán)流抑制問題也有待解決�；谝陨蠁栴},本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:首先,對(duì)虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)進(jìn)行了拓?fù)浞治?將三階同步發(fā)電機(jī)模型的電氣方程以及轉(zhuǎn)子運(yùn)動(dòng)方程引入到逆變器的控制策略中,建立了虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)模型,并引入了虛擬慣性、虛擬阻尼參數(shù),通過仿真分析,得出了阻尼及慣性兩個(gè)虛擬參數(shù)對(duì)于系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性的影響。其次,基于傳統(tǒng)同步發(fā)電機(jī)的運(yùn)行特性分析,設(shè)計(jì)了虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí)的頻率控制策略及電壓控制策略,實(shí)現(xiàn)了單臺(tái)虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)的調(diào)頻以及調(diào)壓功能。在電壓控制中,總結(jié)了現(xiàn)有的基于無功-電壓下垂特性所設(shè)計(jì)的電壓控制策略,同時(shí)考慮同步發(fā)電機(jī)勵(lì)磁特性,提出一種基于虛擬勵(lì)磁控制系統(tǒng)的電壓控制策略,最后通過仿真驗(yàn)證了所設(shè)計(jì)的控制策略的控制性能。最后,分析了虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)雙機(jī)并聯(lián)運(yùn)行時(shí)環(huán)流的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理及環(huán)流的物理含義,設(shè)計(jì)了電壓差值反饋的雙機(jī)環(huán)流抑制策略,并對(duì)兩種電壓控制策略下的并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行環(huán)流抑制仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了所設(shè)計(jì)的環(huán)流抑制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Due to the increasing environmental pollution and energy crisis, distributed power generation technology based on clean and renewable energy has been developed rapidly. In order to better absorb the output of distributed power and stabilize the normal operation of the power grid, Microgrid technology has been continuously developed. Most of the micro sources in microgrid are operated in parallel with large power grid through power electronic inverter. In the case of disturbance or fault, the dynamic response speed of distributed power supply based on inverter interface is fast and there is almost no inertia. The rotating inertia of rotating parts can not be used to restrain the fluctuation of power or frequency like the traditional synchronous generator, and it is difficult to provide voltage and frequency support for the grid when the island is running. At the same time, for redundant parallel inverter units, due to the circuit parameters or switching elements are not completely consistent, there will be circulation between parallel units, and the problem of circulation suppression needs to be solved. Based on the above problems, the main research contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the topology analysis of the virtual synchronous generator is carried out, and the electrical equation of the third-order synchronous generator model and the rotor motion equation are introduced into the control strategy of the inverter. The virtual synchronous generator model is established, and the virtual inertia and virtual damping parameters are introduced. Through the simulation analysis, the influence of the two virtual parameters, damping and inertia, on the stability of the system is obtained. Secondly, based on the analysis of the operation characteristics of the traditional synchronous generator, the frequency control strategy and voltage control strategy of the virtual synchronous generator when connected to the grid are designed, and the frequency modulation and voltage regulation functions of the single virtual synchronous generator are realized. In voltage control, the existing voltage control strategies based on reactive power-voltage droop characteristics are summarized. Considering the excitation characteristics of synchronous generators, a voltage control strategy based on virtual excitation control system is proposed. Finally, the control performance of the designed control strategy is verified by simulation. Finally, the mechanism of circulation and the physical meaning of circulation in parallel operation of virtual synchronous generator are analyzed, and the suppression strategy of dual-machine circulation based on voltage difference feedback is designed. Simulation experiments are carried out for the parallel systems under two voltage control strategies to verify the effectiveness of the designed loop suppression strategy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM31

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