發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-19 21:28

【摘要】：隨著電力系統(tǒng)中風(fēng)電滲透率不斷提升,大容量風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行將加劇系統(tǒng)次同步振蕩的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),不利于系統(tǒng)的可靠運(yùn)行。本文針對(duì)雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的次同步振蕩特性進(jìn)行了分析研究,并利用風(fēng)電機(jī)組自身靈活快速的調(diào)控能力,提出了相應(yīng)的次同步振蕩抑制策略。主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)建立了雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)模型,主要包括空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)、傳動(dòng)鏈、雙饋感應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)、變流器控制系統(tǒng)以及串聯(lián)電容補(bǔ)償線路模型。所建立的動(dòng)態(tài)模型為后文雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的次同步振蕩特性分析奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(2)采用特征值分析方法,對(duì)不同線路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)下的雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的振蕩特性以及次同步振蕩模態(tài)的關(guān)鍵影響參數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。針對(duì)次同步振蕩模態(tài),通過參與因子分析得到對(duì)次同步振蕩模態(tài)影響最大的狀態(tài)變量為轉(zhuǎn)子電流,并進(jìn)一步分析了影響次同步振蕩模態(tài)的關(guān)鍵因素。分析結(jié)果表明:雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的輸入風(fēng)速、轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)變流器內(nèi)環(huán)比例參數(shù)與積分參數(shù)以及線路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)均對(duì)系統(tǒng)的次同步振蕩特性產(chǎn)生顯著的影響。(3)針對(duì)雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)存在的次同步振蕩問題,提出了基于虛擬阻抗的次同步振蕩抑制策略。首先,建立雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)阻抗模型;其次,通過頻率掃描與奈奎斯特穩(wěn)定判據(jù)分析轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)變流器不同控制參數(shù)下系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性,并與特征值分析結(jié)果對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了阻抗模型的正確性;然后,基于阻抗模型給出詳細(xì)的虛擬阻抗控制器的設(shè)計(jì)方法,通過奈奎斯特穩(wěn)定判據(jù)與伯德圖對(duì)控制器抑制效果進(jìn)行分析;最后,通過時(shí)域仿真詳細(xì)對(duì)比了附加不同性質(zhì)的控制器的抑制效果,驗(yàn)證了虛擬阻抗控制器可以最好的抑制系統(tǒng)的次同步振蕩。(4)鑒于雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)辨識(shí)容易存在偏差,變流器相關(guān)的控制參數(shù)也難以準(zhǔn)確獲得,提出了基于轉(zhuǎn)子電流移相平均的次同步振蕩抑制策略。在分析轉(zhuǎn)子電流成分的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子電流進(jìn)行移相與取平均值處理以達(dá)到快速平抑系統(tǒng)次同步振蕩的作用。時(shí)域仿真驗(yàn)證了所提抑制策略的有效性以及對(duì)量測頻率誤差具有較好的魯棒性。論文所做的理論研究和仿真結(jié)果表明:采用特征值分析方法對(duì)雙饋風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)次同步振蕩進(jìn)行分析,有利于準(zhǔn)確揭示系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行特性;利用雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組自身的靈活控制特性設(shè)計(jì)有效的控制器,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)系統(tǒng)次同步振蕩的快速抑制,為含大容量風(fēng)電場的電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行提供重要的理論支撐。
[Abstract]:With the increasing permeability of wind power in power system, large-capacity wind farm grid-connected operation will aggravate the risk of sub-synchronous oscillation of the system, which is not conducive to the reliable operation of the system. In this paper, the sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics of doubly-fed wind farm grid-connected system are analyzed and studied, and the corresponding subsynchronous oscillation suppression strategy is put forward by utilizing the flexible and fast regulating ability of wind turbine itself. The main contents are as follows: (1) the dynamic model of doubly-fed wind farm grid-connected system is established, including aerodynamics, transmission chain, doubly-fed induction generator, converter control system and series capacitor compensation circuit model. The established dynamic model lays a foundation for the analysis of the sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics of the doubly-fed wind farm connected to the grid. (2) the eigenvalue analysis method is used to analyze the sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics of the double-fed wind farm. The oscillation characteristics of doubly-fed wind farm connected to the grid under different line topologies and the key parameters of sub-synchronous oscillation modes are analyzed in detail. For the sub-synchronous oscillation mode, the state variable which has the greatest influence on the sub-synchronous oscillation mode is the rotor current by participating factor analysis, and the key factors affecting the sub-synchronous oscillation mode are further analyzed. The analysis results show that the input wind speed of doubly-fed wind turbine, The proportional and integral parameters of the rotor side converter inner loop and the topology structure of the line have significant effects on the sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics of the system. (3) for the doubly-fed wind farm grid-connected system, the sub-synchronous oscillation problem exists. A subsynchronous oscillation suppression strategy based on virtual impedance is proposed. Firstly, the impedance model of grid-connected doubly-fed wind farm is established. Secondly, the stability of the rotor side converter under different control parameters is analyzed by frequency scanning and Nyquist stability criterion, and compared with the results of eigenvalue analysis, the correctness of the impedance model is verified. Then, based on the impedance model, a detailed design method of virtual impedance controller is given, and the suppression effect of the controller is analyzed by Nyquist stability criterion and Bird diagram. Finally, the suppression effects of additional controllers with different properties are compared in detail by time domain simulation. It is verified that the virtual impedance controller can best suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation of the system. (4) since the parameter identification of the doubly-fed wind farm connected to the grid system is prone to deviation, the relevant control parameters of the converter are difficult to be obtained accurately. A subsynchronous oscillation suppression strategy based on phase-shift averaging of rotor current is proposed. On the basis of analyzing the components of rotor current, the sub-synchronous oscillation of the system can be quickly suppressed by phase-shifting and average-value treatment of rotor current. The time domain simulation results show that the proposed suppression strategy is effective and robust to the measurement frequency error. The theoretical research and simulation results show that using eigenvalue analysis method to analyze the sub-synchronous oscillation of doubly-fed wind farm grid-connected system is beneficial to accurately reveal the operating characteristics of the system. By using the flexible control characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbines, an effective controller is designed, which can quickly suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation of the system and provide an important theoretical support for the safe and stable operation of the power system with large capacity wind farms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM614;TM712

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