【摘要】：隨著不可再生能源的消耗,以及這類(lèi)傳統(tǒng)能源如石油等對(duì)環(huán)境造成的危害,可再生新能源的開(kāi)發(fā)與利用在近幾年步入了快速發(fā)展期,而基于可再生能源與儲(chǔ)能元件構(gòu)成的直流微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)也得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。這其中,電動(dòng)汽車(chē)(Electric Vehicle, EV)因其高效的能源利用率等優(yōu)勢(shì)成為我國(guó)能源發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的重要內(nèi)容。電動(dòng)汽車(chē)與電網(wǎng)的互動(dòng),既有大規(guī)模接入并網(wǎng)帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn),又有作為分布式儲(chǔ)能元件為電網(wǎng)削峰填谷等起到正面的作用。因此,研究作為電網(wǎng)與電動(dòng)汽車(chē)之間的電力電子接口裝置——隔離型雙向全橋DC-DC變換器(Isolated Bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter, IBDC),對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)電網(wǎng)與電動(dòng)汽車(chē)之間的良好互動(dòng)具有重要意義。針對(duì)隔離型雙向全橋DC-DC變換器的特點(diǎn),本文對(duì)單移相控制(Single-phase-shift control, SPS)、雙重移相控制(Dual-phase-shift control, DPS)和三重移相控制(Triple-phase-shift control, TPS)理論進(jìn)行研究,并提出統(tǒng)一的數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過(guò)對(duì)三種控制方式控制原理的分析,把每種控制方式下變換器的工作模式分階段進(jìn)行介紹。然后根據(jù)工作原理和模式,進(jìn)行公式推導(dǎo),建立了穩(wěn)態(tài)數(shù)學(xué)模型。之后對(duì)三種控制方式下變換器主要的功率特性進(jìn)行分析,分別給出了傳輸功率調(diào)節(jié)范圍,明確三重移相控制的傳輸功率調(diào)節(jié)范圍是三種控制方式中最大的,具有較好的靈活性。而考慮到單移相控制方式下變換器固有的功率回流現(xiàn)象,會(huì)增加開(kāi)關(guān)器件、磁性元件的損耗,從而降低系統(tǒng)整體的效率,本文在每種控制方式的分析中給出了回流功率的表達(dá)式,得到了電壓傳輸比與移相比之間的關(guān)系,并明確雙重移相和三重移相控制能夠有效地消除回流功率。同時(shí),對(duì)比了三重移相和雙重移相控制,前者在減小電流峰值、電流有效值、無(wú)功功率的效果上要優(yōu)于后者。本文通過(guò)Matlab/Simulink平臺(tái)搭建了模型,對(duì)三種控制方式都進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證。最后,本文還搭建了一臺(tái)試驗(yàn)性的原理樣機(jī)。給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的參數(shù),并根據(jù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行開(kāi)關(guān)器件選型、高頻變壓器設(shè)計(jì)。詳細(xì)介紹了原邊側(cè)全橋主電路板、副邊側(cè)全橋和驅(qū)動(dòng)電路板的設(shè)計(jì),并基于TMS320F28335平臺(tái)進(jìn)行帶死區(qū)的移相程序編程,對(duì)控制程序進(jìn)行介紹。完成三種控制方式下樣機(jī)的初步試驗(yàn),并得到每種控制方式的效率,驗(yàn)證了理論分析的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:With the consumption of non-renewable energy and the harm to the environment caused by this kind of traditional energy such as petroleum, the development and utilization of renewable new energy has entered a period of rapid development in recent years. DC microgrid system based on renewable energy and energy storage elements has also been widely used. Among them, electric vehicle (Electric Vehicle, EV) has become an important part of China's energy development strategy because of its high energy efficiency and other advantages. The interaction between electric vehicles and power grid not only brings the challenge of large-scale access to the grid, but also plays a positive role as a distributed energy storage component for peak-cutting and filling the valley of the power grid. Therefore, as a power electronic interface device between power grid and electric vehicle, the isolated bi-directional full-bridge DC-DC converter (Isolated Bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter, IBDC), is studied. It is of great significance to realize the good interaction between power grid and electric vehicle. In view of the characteristics of isolated bi-directional full-bridge DC-DC converter, this paper deals with single phase shift control (Single-phase-shift control, SPS), dual phase shift control (Dual-phase-shift control, DPS) and triple phase shift control (Triple-phase-shift control,). TPS) theory is studied and a unified mathematical model is proposed. Based on the analysis of the control principle of three control modes, the working mode of the converter under each control mode is introduced in stages. Then according to the working principle and mode, the formula is deduced and the steady-state mathematical model is established. Then the main power characteristics of the converter under three control modes are analyzed and the range of transmission power regulation is given respectively. It is clear that the transmission power regulation range of triple phase shift control is the largest of the three control modes and has better flexibility. Considering the inherent power reflux phenomenon of the converter in single phase shift control mode, the loss of switching devices and magnetic components will be increased, thus reducing the efficiency of the system as a whole. In this paper, the expression of reflux power is given in the analysis of each control mode, and the relation between voltage transfer ratio and shift ratio is obtained. It is clear that the double phase shift and triple phase shift control can effectively eliminate the reflux power. At the same time, triple phase shift control is compared with double phase shift control. The former is superior to the latter in reducing current peak value, current effective value and reactive power. In this paper, the Matlab/Simulink platform is used to build the model, and the three control methods are simulated and verified. Finally, an experimental prototype of the principle is built in this paper. The parameters of the experimental device are given. According to the parameters, the switch device is selected and the high frequency transformer is designed. The design of the main circuit board, the auxiliary side bridge and the driving circuit board of the original side full bridge are introduced in detail. The phase shift program with dead zone is programmed based on TMS320F28335 platform, and the control program is introduced. The preliminary tests of the prototype under three control modes are completed and the efficiency of each control mode is obtained. The accuracy of the theoretical analysis is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM46

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