【摘要】：近年來,分布式電源(Distributed Generation,DG)因其消納新能源的方式最為友好而得到了快速的發(fā)展。但是,隨著DG的接入,配電網(wǎng)原有的單輻射供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡p端或多端供電型,短路電流大小、方向均發(fā)生變化,使配電網(wǎng)原有的繼電保護(hù)裝置可能出現(xiàn)拒動(dòng)、誤動(dòng)等問題,特別是當(dāng)大規(guī)模DG接入時(shí),這種影響將更加明顯。本文從盡可能少的改變?cè)信潆娋W(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)配置出發(fā),提出了一套完整的包括主保護(hù)與后備保護(hù)的配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)方案。首先針對(duì)應(yīng)用最為廣泛的含逆變的分布式電源(Inverter Interfaced Distributed Generation,IIDG)根據(jù)其控制方式及配電網(wǎng)故障時(shí)IIDG的輸出特性,建立了數(shù)學(xué)模型。在兩相短路時(shí)將其等效為受母線正序電壓控制電流源,在三相短路時(shí)將其等效為受母線電壓控制的電流源。其次,從IIDG的接入容量與故障點(diǎn)發(fā)生在IIDG接入點(diǎn)的不同位置兩方面出發(fā),理論定性地分析了IIDG接入后對(duì)原有配電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)以及自動(dòng)重合閘的影響;隨后通過仿真軟件MATLAB/Simulink搭建了含IIDG的10KV典型輻射型配電網(wǎng)仿真模型,仿真分析了IIDG接入對(duì)原有配電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)的影響。再次,根據(jù)IIDG的接入對(duì)配電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)產(chǎn)生的不同影響,提出一種改進(jìn)的自適應(yīng)電流速斷保護(hù)為主保護(hù)的保護(hù)方案,使配電網(wǎng)不同的故障特性有不同的整定值。當(dāng)故障發(fā)生在IIDG下游時(shí),引入負(fù)荷電流對(duì)保護(hù)的影響,提高了兩相短路的靈敏度。當(dāng)故障發(fā)生在IIDG上游時(shí),根據(jù)兩相短路故障和三相短路故障時(shí)保護(hù)安裝處的正序電壓與流過該保護(hù)安裝處的正序電流之間的關(guān)系,改變已有的自適應(yīng)電流保護(hù)的整定公式中的某些參數(shù),使其整定計(jì)算更準(zhǔn)確。最后提出將基于功率平衡的廣域保護(hù)作為后備保護(hù)引入含IIDG的配電網(wǎng)中,根據(jù)IIDG容量和負(fù)荷大小預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)含IIDG的配電網(wǎng)區(qū)域進(jìn)行劃分,通過信息交換實(shí)現(xiàn)故障區(qū)域定位及IIDG的孤島運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:In recent years, distributed Power supply (Distributed Generation,DG) has been developed rapidly because of its friendliest way to absorb new energy. However, with the access of DG, the original single radiation power supply network of distribution network will be transformed into double-or multi-terminal power supply type, the size and direction of short-circuit current will change, and the original relay protection device of distribution network may appear some problems such as failure to operate, misoperation, and so on. Especially when large-scale DG access, the impact will be more obvious. In order to change the relay protection configuration of distribution network as little as possible, a set of complete protection scheme including main protection and backup protection is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a mathematical model is established for the most widely used distributed power supply, (Inverter Interfaced Distributed Generation,IIDG (distributed Power supply), according to its control mode and the output characteristics of IIDG when the distribution network fails. The two-phase short circuit is equivalent to the current source controlled by the bus positive sequence voltage, and the three-phase short circuit is equivalent to the current source controlled by the bus voltage. Secondly, starting from the two aspects of IIDG access capacity and failure point occurring in different locations of IIDG access point, the influence of IIDG access on the relay protection and automatic reclosing of the original distribution network is analyzed theoretically and qualitatively. Then the simulation model of the typical radiative distribution network of 10KV with IIDG is built by the simulation software MATLAB/Simulink. The influence of IIDG access on the relay protection of the original distribution network is simulated and analyzed. Thirdly, according to the different effects of IIDG access on relay protection of distribution network, an improved adaptive current quick-break protection scheme is proposed, which makes different fault characteristics of distribution network have different setting values. When the fault occurs downstream of IIDG, the influence of load current on protection is introduced, and the sensitivity of two-phase short circuit is improved. When the fault occurs upstream of the IIDG, the relationship between the positive sequence voltage at the protection installation and the positive sequence current flowing through the protection installation is based on the relationship between the two-phase short-circuit fault and the three-phase short-circuit fault. Some parameters in the existing setting formula of adaptive current protection are changed to make the setting calculation more accurate. Finally, the wide area protection based on power balance is introduced into the distribution network with IIDG as backup protection. According to the capacity and load forecast of IIDG, the distribution network area with IIDG is divided. The location of fault area and the island operation of IIDG are realized through information exchange.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM77

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