【摘要】：為了應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境惡化、化石能源枯竭以及充分利用清潔能源等一系列問(wèn)題,微電網(wǎng)得到了快速發(fā)展,并將成為未來(lái)電網(wǎng)的一種重要供電方式。其中,微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)始終是研究重點(diǎn)�，F(xiàn)階段微電網(wǎng)的保護(hù)還處在發(fā)展階段,同時(shí)適用于微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行和孤島運(yùn)行的保護(hù)配置還不夠完善。目前微電網(wǎng)中的光伏發(fā)電、風(fēng)力發(fā)電等微電源運(yùn)用最多的是雙環(huán)PI控制,但這種控制方法漸漸不能滿足系統(tǒng)對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)特性的要求。因此,為微電網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)完善的繼電保護(hù)系統(tǒng)以及研究微電網(wǎng)新的控制方法具有重要意義。首先研究了微電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù),設(shè)計(jì)了微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)配置方案。微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)由主保護(hù)和后備保護(hù)組成。主保護(hù)包括母線弧光保護(hù)以及距離保護(hù)加功率方向元件。距離保護(hù)作為啟動(dòng)元件,采用全阻抗繼電器按距離保護(hù)第Ⅲ段整定,功率方向元件用于判斷故障區(qū)域。整個(gè)微電網(wǎng)的后備保護(hù)采用集中式后備保護(hù),所有支路和母線的保護(hù)裝置將母線電壓、支路電流和弧光信號(hào)都傳輸給集中式后備保護(hù)的主機(jī),主機(jī)通過(guò)接收的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算和故障判斷,延時(shí)動(dòng)作。設(shè)計(jì)了以DSP F28335為核心的微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)樣機(jī),實(shí)現(xiàn)了樣機(jī)硬件和軟件的主要功能。為了用RT-LAB實(shí)時(shí)仿真器進(jìn)行微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)樣機(jī)的硬件在環(huán)半實(shí)物實(shí)時(shí)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),在RT-LAB裝置上建立了微電網(wǎng)的Simulink模型,將微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)樣機(jī)與RT-LAB裝置相連。半實(shí)物實(shí)時(shí)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了樣機(jī)的性能,配置的保護(hù)能正確動(dòng)作,能快速、可靠、有選擇性地切除微電網(wǎng)故障。將協(xié)同控制方法用于微電網(wǎng)的控制。首先導(dǎo)出了兩級(jí)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的微分-代數(shù)方程。并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行和低電壓穿越時(shí)采用不同的控制方案,推導(dǎo)了這兩種控制方案的協(xié)同控制算法。在并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的Simulink模型中增加協(xié)同控制模塊,進(jìn)行了正常運(yùn)行和低電壓穿越仿真。然后仿真分析了由光伏發(fā)電和蓄電池儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)組成的并網(wǎng)光儲(chǔ)微電網(wǎng)的協(xié)同控制。本文設(shè)計(jì)的微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)功能比較全面,對(duì)微電網(wǎng)保護(hù)裝置的研制有借鑒作用。微電網(wǎng)協(xié)同控制的研究探索了一種新的微電網(wǎng)控制方法,使并網(wǎng)光儲(chǔ)微電網(wǎng)在正常運(yùn)行和低電壓穿越時(shí)都有良好的性能。
[Abstract]:In order to deal with a series of problems, such as environmental deterioration, fossil energy depletion and making full use of clean energy, microgrid has been developed rapidly and will become an important power supply mode in the future power grid. Among them, microgrid protection is always the focus of research. At present, the protection of microgrid is still in the development stage, and the protection configuration suitable for the grid connection and islanding operation is not perfect at the same time. At present, the dual-loop PI control is widely used in photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and other micro-power sources in microgrid, but this control method can not meet the requirements of the dynamic characteristics of the system. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a perfect relay protection system for microgrid and to study the new control method of microgrid. Firstly, the microgrid relay protection is studied, and the configuration scheme of microgrid protection is designed. Microgrid protection consists of main protection and backup protection. Main protection includes busbar arc protection and distance protection plus power directional element. The range protection is used as the starting element, the full impedance relay is used to set the third section of the distance protection, and the power direction element is used to judge the fault area. The whole microgrid backup protection adopts centralized backup protection. All branches and busbar protection devices transmit bus voltage, branch current and arc light signal to the host of centralized backup protection. Host through the data received to calculate and fault judgment, delay action. The prototype of microgrid protection based on DSP F28335 is designed, and the main functions of hardware and software are realized. In order to use RT-LAB real-time simulator to simulate the hardware in loop of microgrid protection prototype, the Simulink model of microgrid is established on RT-LAB device, and the microgrid protection prototype is connected with RT-LAB device. The performance of the prototype is verified by the hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation experiment. The configured protection can operate correctly, and can remove the fault of microgrid quickly, reliably and selectively. The cooperative control method is applied to the control of microgrid. The differential-algebraic equation of two-stage photovoltaic power generation system is first derived. Different control schemes are adopted for grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system in normal operation and low voltage traversing. The cooperative control algorithms of these two control schemes are deduced. The cooperative control module is added to the Simulink model of grid-connected photovoltaic system, and the simulation of normal operation and low voltage traversing is carried out. Then the cooperative control of grid-connected optical microgrid composed of photovoltaic generation and battery energy storage system is simulated and analyzed. The function of microgrid protection designed in this paper is quite comprehensive, which can be used for reference in the development of microgrid protection device. In this paper, a new microgrid control method is explored, which makes the grid-connected optical storage microgrid have good performance in normal operation and low voltage traversing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TM77

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