【摘要】：空氣預熱器布置于整個鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)的尾端,是電站鍋爐的重要輔助設備。而其自身也有著結構緊湊、提高換熱效率、使用壽命長、耐腐蝕性好的特點,因此在現(xiàn)代電廠鍋爐中得到廣泛的使用。當在鍋爐系統(tǒng)中引入SCR脫硝裝置后,空氣預熱器會出現(xiàn)嚴重的硫酸氫氨堵塞現(xiàn)象,大大降低了空氣預熱器的換熱效率,進而影響到整個系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟效益。因此需要對空氣預熱器進行改造以及新的性能計算。為了更好地對空氣預熱器進行結構改造,也為了減輕加裝SCR脫硝裝置后空氣預熱器所受到的硫酸氫氨堵塞,需要對空氣預熱器進行設計計算,對新工況條件下的空氣預熱器的受熱面高度進行設計計算。同時為了防止和預測硫酸氫氨固體形成,需要針對不同煤種和工況的回轉式空氣預熱器校核計算,確定不同工況下空氣預熱器煙氣側的工作溫度和空氣工質的工作溫度。通過對計算模型的分析,結合現(xiàn)行的熱力計算標準,對電站鍋爐三分倉回轉式空氣預熱器的熱力計算進行了研究,設計出空氣預熱器的設計及校核流程圖,依次改變初始條件,對空預器在各種工況條件下熱力過程進行了計算。從煤種、煤質、進口空氣溫度以及煙氣進口溫度等方面分別進行了計算研究,得到了空氣預熱器出口參數(shù)在不同工況條件下的變化情況。計算結果可對SCR改造后空氣預熱器面臨的低溫腐蝕、漏風、堵塞等問題提供改造依據(jù),同時還對電廠選擇合適的送風溫度以及電站鍋爐的安全、經(jīng)濟運行具有重要的工程價值。
[Abstract]:The air preheater is arranged at the end of the whole boiler thermal system and is an important auxiliary equipment of the utility boiler. Because of its compact structure, high heat transfer efficiency, long service life and good corrosion resistance, it is widely used in modern power plant boilers. When the SCR denitrification unit is introduced into the boiler system, the air preheater will appear serious hydrogen ammonia sulphate clogging phenomenon, which greatly reduces the heat transfer efficiency of the air preheater, and then affects the economic benefit of the whole system. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the air preheater and to calculate its performance. In order to improve the structure of the air preheater, and to reduce the hydrogen ammonia sulfate blockage of the air preheater after the installation of the SCR denitrification unit, it is necessary to design and calculate the air preheater. The heat surface height of the air preheater under the new working condition is designed and calculated. At the same time, in order to prevent and predict the formation of hydrogen ammonia sulfate solids, it is necessary to check and calculate the rotary air preheater for different coal types and working conditions, and to determine the working temperature of the flue gas side and the working temperature of the air working fluid of the air preheater under different working conditions. Based on the analysis of the calculation model and the current thermodynamic calculation standard, the thermodynamic calculation of the three-point rotary air preheater of the utility boiler is studied. The design and checking flow chart of the air preheater is designed, and the initial conditions are changed in turn. The thermodynamic process of air preheater under various working conditions is calculated. From the aspects of coal, coal quality, inlet air temperature and flue gas inlet temperature, respectively, the variation of outlet parameters of air preheater under different working conditions is obtained. The calculated results can provide a basis for the retrofit of the air preheaters after SCR modification, such as low temperature corrosion, air leakage, blockage and so on. At the same time, it is of great engineering value for the power plant to select the appropriate air supply temperature and the safety and economic operation of the power plant boiler.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM621.2

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