【摘要】：熱電池是采用固態(tài)鹽作為電解質(zhì)的原電池。在實(shí)際工作狀態(tài)下,熱電池中的固態(tài)電解質(zhì)因熔融而具有流動(dòng)性,容易發(fā)生泄漏,造成不良影響。因此有必要在電解質(zhì)中加入一定量的粘接劑抑制熔融電解質(zhì)鹽的流動(dòng)。多孔氧化鎂纖維具有復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)和多孔形貌。向電解質(zhì)中加入多孔氧化鎂纖維,其抑制熔鹽流動(dòng)的能力優(yōu)于同等質(zhì)量下的傳統(tǒng)粘接劑材料。為了進(jìn)一步提升多孔氧化鎂纖維對(duì)熔鹽流動(dòng)的抑制能力,提升熱電池的電性能,以物理和化學(xué)兩種方式對(duì)多孔氧化鎂纖維進(jìn)行了表面改性。首先采用水熱反應(yīng)法制備了多孔氧化鎂纖維,并以此法獲得的纖維作為改性的基體材料�；瘜W(xué)改性方法采用不同質(zhì)量的氫氟酸對(duì)多孔氧化鎂纖維進(jìn)行了表面腐蝕。物理改性方法使用等離子噴涂的方式在多孔氧化鎂纖維表面涂覆上一層氧化鋁。向二元電解質(zhì)體系(LiCl-KCl)和三元電解質(zhì)體系(Li F-LiCl-Li Br)中,加入化學(xué)改性纖維和物理改性纖維作為粘接劑,并從電導(dǎo)率、放電容量、電解質(zhì)泄露量和形變量幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。多孔氧化鎂纖維進(jìn)行化學(xué)表面改性后,纖維表面留下了氟化鎂,同時(shí)纖維的比表面積獲得了明顯的提升,增加了電解質(zhì)和粘接劑的接觸面積,有效降低了電解質(zhì)的泄露量和形變量。隨著改性過程中氫氟酸摩爾量的增加,纖維表面氟化鎂的增多,EB粉末的電導(dǎo)率小幅度降低,但是放電容量獲得顯著提升,總體上獲得了更好的電性能。無論在二元或是三元體系電解質(zhì)體系中,化學(xué)改性對(duì)流動(dòng)抑制性和電性能的提升都得到了驗(yàn)證。多孔氧化鎂纖維進(jìn)行物理表面改性后,纖維表面涂覆上一層氧化鋁。氧化鋁相對(duì)于氧化鎂,對(duì)熔鹽具有更好的親和力,降低了電解質(zhì)的泄露量和形變量。纖維表面涂覆的氧化鋁會(huì)小幅降低體系的電導(dǎo)率。但在具有相近電導(dǎo)率的情況下,模型電池具有更大的放電容量,因此總體上的電性能也獲得了一定的提升。物理改性對(duì)流動(dòng)抑制能力和電性能的提升,同樣也在二元或三元電解質(zhì)體系中獲得了確認(rèn)。
[Abstract]:Thermal battery is a primary battery using solid salt as electrolyte. Under the actual working condition, the solid electrolyte in the thermal battery has fluidity due to melting, which is easy to leak and cause adverse effects. Therefore, it is necessary to add a certain amount of adhesive to the electrolyte to inhibit the flow of molten electrolyte salt. Porous magnesium oxide fiber has complex network structure and porous morphology. When the porous magnesium oxide fiber was added to the electrolyte, the ability of inhibiting the flux of molten salt was better than that of the traditional adhesive material of the same quality. In order to further enhance the inhibition ability of porous magnesium oxide fiber to molten salt flow and enhance the electrical properties of thermal battery, the surface modification of porous magnesium oxide fiber was carried out by physical and chemical methods. Firstly, porous magnesium oxide fibers were prepared by hydrothermal reaction, and the fibers were used as modified matrix materials. The surface corrosion of porous magnesium oxide fiber was studied by chemical modification method with different quality hydrofluoric acid. The physical modification method is plasma sprayed on the surface of porous magnesium oxide fiber with a layer of alumina. To binary electrolyte system (LiCl-KCl) and ternary electrolyte system (Li F-LiCl-Li Br), chemical modified fiber and physical modified fiber are added as adhesives, and from conductivity, discharge capacity, The electrolyte leakage and shape variables were evaluated. After the chemical surface modification of porous magnesium oxide fiber, magnesium fluoride was left on the surface of the fiber, and the specific surface area of the fiber was obviously improved, and the contact area between electrolyte and adhesive was increased. The leakage and shape variables of electrolyte are reduced effectively. With the increase of the amount of hydrofluoric acid and the increase of magnesium fluoride on the fiber surface, the conductivity of EB powder decreased slightly, but the discharge capacity was improved significantly, and the better electrical properties were obtained as a whole. The enhancement of flow inhibition and electrical properties by chemical modification has been verified in both binary and ternary electrolyte systems. After the physical surface modification of porous magnesium oxide fiber, a layer of alumina was coated on the surface of the fiber. Compared with magnesium oxide, alumina has better affinity to molten salts and reduces electrolyte leakage and shape variables. Alumina coated on the surface of the fiber will slightly reduce the conductivity of the system. But under the condition of similar conductivity, the model battery has larger discharge capacity, so the overall electrical performance has been improved. The enhancement of flow inhibition and electrical properties by physical modification has also been confirmed in binary or ternary electrolyte systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM915

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 游美容;劉敬松;張敏芳;楊超;;多孔氧化鎂纖維的制備及其生長(zhǎng)機(jī)制研究[J];人工晶體學(xué)報(bào);2013年12期

2 王傳東;;熱電池發(fā)展綜述[J];電源技術(shù);2013年11期

3 宋學(xué)兵;劉效疆;劉聯(lián);;熱電池用電解質(zhì)流動(dòng)抑制劑的控制[J];電池工業(yè);2012年02期

4 戴洪興;鄧積光;張磊;趙振璇;王國(guó)志;劉彩欣;李惠寧;;軟、硬模板合成多孔氧化鎂、氧化鈣和碳酸鈣[J];無機(jī)鹽工業(yè);2011年05期

5 徐徽;劉衛(wèi)平;董瑞;楊喜云;石西昌;趙娜;;氧化鎂在熔鹽中溶解度的研究[J];有色金屬(冶煉部分);2011年01期

6 郭敏;李權(quán);卿彬菊;葛飛;吳志堅(jiān);;特殊形貌氧化鎂的制備與應(yīng)用[J];鹽業(yè)與化工;2010年04期

7 張春曉;穆仕博;;熱電池在空空導(dǎo)彈上的應(yīng)用及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];電源技術(shù);2010年06期

8 宋學(xué)兵;劉效疆;孟凡明;;熱電池用電解質(zhì)粉體材料的混合分散工藝探究[J];電池工業(yè);2010年02期

9 王雪靜;張甲敏;李曉波;;溶劑熱合成氧化鎂晶須及對(duì)聚丙烯的改性[J];塑料;2009年04期

10 趙廣波;徐瑩;汴紀(jì)慶;張承偉;陳東林;;熱電池技術(shù)進(jìn)展及在引信中的應(yīng)用[J];探測(cè)與控制學(xué)報(bào);2008年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王曉麗;氧化鎂晶須的制備工藝研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號(hào)：2409658