【摘要】：隨著科技的不斷發(fā)展,能源和環(huán)境問題變得日益嚴(yán)重,汽車尾氣污染成了人們關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)問題,而電動(dòng)汽車的出現(xiàn)緩解了這個(gè)問題。電動(dòng)汽車具有低污染、低噪聲和節(jié)能環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn),得到大家的高度關(guān)注和重視。而驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)是電動(dòng)汽車的核心部分,電動(dòng)汽車要求驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)具有高轉(zhuǎn)矩、低脈動(dòng)、高可靠性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),然而相比傳統(tǒng)的三相永磁同步電機(jī),多相永磁同步電機(jī)在這幾方面更具優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以本文以電動(dòng)汽車用六相容錯(cuò)永磁同步電機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)和分析研究。首先,本文介紹了多相永磁同步電機(jī)的分類、結(jié)構(gòu)和設(shè)計(jì)方法;根據(jù)多相電機(jī)的繞組構(gòu)成,給出了多相電機(jī)相數(shù)的定義,歸納了多相電機(jī)定子繞組與相帶的關(guān)系。同時(shí)介紹了不同種類繞組及其特點(diǎn)。此外介紹了六相雙Y移30°繞組的結(jié)構(gòu)和優(yōu)勢(shì),根據(jù)繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì)理論,對(duì)六相雙Y移30°繞組進(jìn)行了磁動(dòng)勢(shì)分析,并分析了磁動(dòng)勢(shì)與電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩的關(guān)系。其次,根據(jù)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)三相永磁同步電機(jī)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的方法,結(jié)合多相繞組的基本理論特征,對(duì)六相雙Y移30°繞組永磁同步電機(jī)進(jìn)行電磁設(shè)計(jì),確定了電機(jī)的電磁負(fù)荷、極槽配合、轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)及永磁體的材料和尺寸。利用Ansoft有限元軟件,建立了六相雙Y移30°繞組永磁同步電機(jī)模型,對(duì)電機(jī)空載下的氣隙磁密、反電動(dòng)勢(shì)、齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩和負(fù)載下的氣隙磁密、輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩、定轉(zhuǎn)子鐵心損耗進(jìn)行了仿真分析,并與同一規(guī)格的三相永磁同步電機(jī)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。為了能夠進(jìn)一步提升轉(zhuǎn)矩性能,將六相雙Y移30°繞組永磁同步電機(jī)注入了三次諧波電流。最后,研究了電機(jī)發(fā)生斷相故障后的性能,利用Ansoft軟件分別仿真分析了三相永磁同步電機(jī)和六相雙Y移30°繞組永磁同步電機(jī)一相繞組斷相后的轉(zhuǎn)矩性能,以及六相雙Y移30°繞組永磁同步電機(jī)兩相繞組斷相、三相繞組斷相后的轉(zhuǎn)矩性能。又針對(duì)六相雙Y移30°繞組永磁同步電機(jī)一相繞組斷相后的轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng),從磁動(dòng)勢(shì)入手,運(yùn)用磁動(dòng)勢(shì)分析方法,基于磁動(dòng)勢(shì)中的負(fù)序分量,提出通過調(diào)整剩余相繞組電流相位角來消除負(fù)序分量,從而降低轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)的容錯(cuò)方法,并通過有限元仿真驗(yàn)證該容錯(cuò)方法的正確性。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, energy and environmental problems become more and more serious. Vehicle exhaust pollution has become the focus of attention, and the emergence of electric vehicles alleviates this problem. Electric vehicles have the advantages of low pollution, low noise and energy saving and environmental protection. The driving motor is the core part of the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle requires the drive motor to have the advantages of high torque, low ripple and high reliability. However, compared with the traditional three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, The multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor has more advantages in these aspects. Therefore, this paper takes six compatible error permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicle as the research object, carries on the design and the analysis to it. Firstly, the classification, structure and design method of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor are introduced, and the definition of phase number of multiphase motor is given according to the winding structure of multiphase motor, and the relationship between stator winding and phase band of multiphase motor is summarized. At the same time, different kinds of windings and their characteristics are introduced. In addition, the structure and advantages of the six-phase double-Y shifting 30 擄winding are introduced. According to the theory of windings magnetoEMF, the magnetodynamic force analysis of the six-phase double-Y shifting 30 擄winding is carried out, and the relationship between the magnetoEMF and the electromagnetic torque is analyzed. Secondly, according to the design method of the traditional three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and the basic theoretical characteristics of the multi-phase winding, the electromagnetic design of the six-phase double-Y 30 擄winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is carried out, and the electromagnetic load and pole slot matching of the motor are determined. Materials and dimensions of rotor structures and permanent magnets. Using Ansoft finite element software, the model of permanent magnet synchronous motor with six-phase double Y shift 30 擄winding is established. The air gap magnetic density, back EMF, tooth slot torque, air gap magnetic density under load and output torque of the motor under no load are studied. The core loss of stator and rotor is simulated and compared with three phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of the same specification. In order to further improve the torque performance, a 30 擄winding permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with six phases and two Y phase is injected into the third harmonic current. Finally, the performance of the motor after breaking phase fault is studied. The torque performance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and the six-phase double-Y-shifted 30 擄winding permanent magnet synchronous motor after breaking the phase is simulated by Ansoft software. The torque performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with six phase double Y shifting 30 擄winding after breaking phase and three phase winding is discussed. Aiming at the torque fluctuation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with six phase double Y shifting 30 擄winding after breaking the phase, starting from the magnetic EMF, using the method of magnetodynamic force analysis, based on the negative sequence component in the magnetodynamic force, A fault tolerant method is proposed to reduce torque ripple by adjusting the phase angle of residual phase winding current to eliminate the negative sequence component. The correctness of the fault tolerant method is verified by finite element simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM341;U469.72

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