發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-28 21:21

【摘要】：受我國(guó)能源和負(fù)荷分布、地理特征等諸多原因影響,高壓直流輸電技術(shù)在能源大容量、遠(yuǎn)距離外送中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。隨著能源戰(zhàn)略的逐步實(shí)施,大型電源基地的逐漸涌現(xiàn),特高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)傳輸功率的逐步提高,交直流系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行變得日益復(fù)雜,交直流系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注。交直流系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定性研究中,頻率穩(wěn)定是重要組成部分,利用特高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)短時(shí)過(guò)載能力和功率快速可控的特點(diǎn),可以達(dá)到提高系統(tǒng)頻率穩(wěn)定性的目的。本文針對(duì)計(jì)及緊急直流功率支援的交直流系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)后穩(wěn)態(tài)頻率預(yù)測(cè)及自動(dòng)切負(fù)荷優(yōu)化控制開(kāi)展研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:首先,介紹了電力系統(tǒng)頻率特性的一些基本概念,包括電力系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)頻率特性和動(dòng)態(tài)頻率特性。然后綜述了幾種電力系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)頻率分析方法,分別為:動(dòng)態(tài)潮流法、頻率穩(wěn)定分析快速算法和基于廣域量測(cè)的頻率預(yù)測(cè)算法。其次,提出了一種計(jì)及緊急直流功率支援情況下,能同時(shí)考慮直流兩側(cè)電網(wǎng)頻率響應(yīng)的擾動(dòng)后穩(wěn)態(tài)頻率預(yù)測(cè)算法。該算法首先建立擾動(dòng)后瞬間和擾動(dòng)后穩(wěn)態(tài)發(fā)電機(jī)電磁功率增量方程、負(fù)荷功率增量方程、直流輸電系統(tǒng)功率增量方程和系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)方程,同時(shí)考慮緊急直流功率支援,推導(dǎo)了兩區(qū)域交直流系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)后穩(wěn)態(tài)頻率預(yù)測(cè)方程,可以直接快速地計(jì)算出擾動(dòng)后各區(qū)域的穩(wěn)態(tài)頻率。對(duì)一個(gè)典型的兩區(qū)域交直流并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真分析,仿真結(jié)果表明本算法具有較高的精度和較快的計(jì)算速度,證明了算法的適用性和有效性。該算法能夠應(yīng)用于電力系統(tǒng)頻率安全穩(wěn)定的在線(xiàn)評(píng)估。最后,針對(duì)兩區(qū)域交直流互聯(lián)系統(tǒng),提出了一種計(jì)及緊急直流功率支援的頻率穩(wěn)定控制策略。當(dāng)其中一個(gè)區(qū)域擾動(dòng)后頻率降低時(shí),首先預(yù)測(cè)該區(qū)域擾動(dòng)后系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)頻率,如果該頻率低于整定值,則計(jì)算出系統(tǒng)頻率恢復(fù)到整定值需要的直流功率支援量。如果該直流功率支援量大于另一個(gè)區(qū)域能提供的最大直流功率支援量,則利用線(xiàn)性?xún)?yōu)化的方法計(jì)算出系統(tǒng)在另一個(gè)區(qū)域能提供的最大直流功率支援量下還需切除的最少負(fù)荷,從而使系統(tǒng)的頻率控制在整定值。通過(guò)算例分析,該策略能夠快速、準(zhǔn)確的計(jì)算出系統(tǒng)所需的直流功率支援量和切負(fù)荷量,滿(mǎn)足系統(tǒng)頻率穩(wěn)定控制和經(jīng)濟(jì)性運(yùn)行的要求。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of energy and load distribution, geographical characteristics and other reasons, HVDC technology plays an important role in large capacity and long distance transmission of energy. With the gradual implementation of the energy strategy, the emergence of large power supply bases and the gradual improvement of the transmission power of UHVDC transmission systems, the safe and stable operation of AC / DC systems becomes increasingly complex. People pay more and more attention to the safety and stability of AC / DC system. Frequency stability is an important part of the research on the safety and stability of AC / DC system. The frequency stability of UHVDC transmission system can be improved by utilizing the characteristics of fast and controllable capacity and power of UHVDC transmission system in short time. In this paper, the steady-state frequency prediction and automatic load shedding optimization control of AC / DC system after disturbance considering emergency DC power support are studied. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, some basic concepts of frequency characteristics of power system are introduced. It includes static frequency characteristic and dynamic frequency characteristic of power system. Then several dynamic frequency analysis methods of power system are summarized, which are dynamic power flow method, fast frequency stability analysis algorithm and frequency prediction algorithm based on wide area measurement. Secondly, a prediction algorithm for steady-state frequency is proposed, which can take into account the frequency response of both sides of the DC power system. In this algorithm, the electromagnetic power increment equations, load power increment equations, DC transmission system power increment equations and system network equations for transient and post-disturbance steady-state generators are established, and emergency DC power support is considered at the same time. The prediction equation of steady-state frequency after disturbance of two-region AC / DC system is derived. The steady state frequency of each region after disturbance can be calculated directly and quickly. A typical two-area AC / DC parallel system is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the algorithm has higher accuracy and faster calculation speed, and proves the applicability and validity of the algorithm. This algorithm can be applied to the on-line evaluation of power system frequency security and stability. Finally, a frequency stability control strategy considering emergency DC power support is proposed for two area AC / DC interconnected systems. When the frequency of one region is reduced, the steady-state frequency of the system after the disturbance is first predicted. If the frequency is lower than the tuning value, the DC power support needed to recover the system frequency to the tuning value is calculated. If the DC power support is greater than the maximum DC power support provided by another region, the minimum load to be removed from the system under the maximum DC power support provided by the other region is calculated by linear optimization method. Thus, the frequency of the system is controlled at the set value. Through the example analysis, the strategy can quickly and accurately calculate the DC power support and load shedding of the system, and meet the requirements of frequency stability control and economic operation of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM712

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