Dy、Co納米顆粒摻雜燒結(jié)Nd-Fe-B的永磁研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 09:19
【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)80年代釹鐵硼問世以來,其以優(yōu)異的磁性能被廣泛應(yīng)用于新能源汽車、醫(yī)療、風(fēng)能發(fā)電等高新領(lǐng)域。是當(dāng)今發(fā)展最為迅捷、應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域最廣、市場規(guī)模發(fā)展?jié)摿ψ畲蟮挠来挪牧�。作為基礎(chǔ)性功能材料釹鐵硼有著不可替代的重要性,但隨著市場需求的不斷擴(kuò)大,大家對釹鐵硼的技術(shù)參數(shù)有了進(jìn)一步需求,這不僅是取決于材料成分本身,而且還與材料的組織結(jié)構(gòu)、制備工藝有著密不可分的聯(lián)系。盡管人們對燒結(jié)釹鐵硼做了大量實驗研究,但由于添加的稀土材料成本過高或者企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備過于老舊,工藝陳腐,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品在國際市場上無競爭力。因此如何在降低成本的同時又可以最大限度的提高釹鐵硼磁性能一直是國內(nèi)外科研工作者研究的熱點課題。本文采用二元合金法摻雜少量鏑(Dy)、鈷(Co)納米粉制備高矯頑力燒結(jié)釹鐵硼磁體,在避免釹鐵硼剩磁和磁能積大幅下降的同時,容許適量減少Dy、Co納米粉的添加量,從而降低釹鐵硼磁體的生產(chǎn)成本。在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)線上制備出(Pr-Nd)31.5B0.98Co0.5Nb0.3Ga0.2Cu0.15Al0.1Febal+x wt%Dy(x=0、0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6)燒結(jié)磁體。利用掃描電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射儀、粒度分布儀、磁滯回線測試儀、維氏硬度儀對燒結(jié)釹鐵硼磁體的形貌、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)及成分、磁性能和力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:隨著Dy元素質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的增加,磁體矯頑力大幅提高,剩磁和最大磁能積略有下降。當(dāng)x為1.6wt%時,磁體矯頑力達(dá)到最大值15.23KOe,矯頑力提升了1.2%,剩磁和最大磁能積分別下降了2.7%和3.4%,維氏硬度值為522.01HV,下降了4%;當(dāng)x為0.8wt%時,磁體矯頑力達(dá)到14.29KOe,矯頑力提升了5.4%,剩磁和最大磁能積分別下降了1.3%、1.5%,維氏硬度值為583.47HV,上升了7.1%,綜合磁性能最優(yōu)。在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)線上制備出(Pr-Nd)31.5-xB0.98CoxNb0.3Ga0.2Cu0.15Al0.1Febal(x=0、0.4、0.8、1.2)燒結(jié)磁體。分析了磁體的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、磁性能、力學(xué)性能和溫度穩(wěn)定性與Co添加量的關(guān)系。結(jié)果顯示:添加一定量的Co可以有效抑制鑄錠中的α-Fe的形成,同時形成了晶間雜相,這有助于減弱釹鐵硼晶粒間交換耦合作用,從而提高矯頑力。隨著Co質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的增加,磁體的矯頑力、剩磁、最大磁能積都是先增大后減小,當(dāng)x=0.8時,磁體矯頑力從13.56KOe提高到14.44KOe;剩磁從14.29KGs提升到14.35KGs;最大磁能積從49.32MGOe提升到49.55MGOe,但當(dāng)繼續(xù)添加Co元素到x=1.2時,磁體磁性能均小幅下降。因此當(dāng)x=0.8時,磁體綜合磁性能最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:Since the advent of NdFeB in the 1980s, NdFeB has been widely used in new energy vehicles, medical treatment, wind power generation and other high-tech fields with excellent magnetic properties. Is the most rapid development, the most extensive application, market scale development potential of permanent magnet materials. As a basic functional material, NdFeB is of irreplaceable importance, but with the expansion of market demand, there is a further demand for NdFeB technical parameters, which depends not only on the composition of the material, but also on the composition of NdFeB. Moreover, it is closely related to the structure of the material and the preparation process. Although a lot of experiments have been done on the sintered NdFeB, the products are not competitive in the international market because of the high cost of the rare earth materials or the old production equipment and the obsolete process. Therefore, how to reduce the cost and improve the magnetic properties of NdFeB at the same time has been a hot topic for researchers at home and abroad. In this paper, the high coercivity sintered NdFeB magnets were prepared by doping a small amount of dysprosium (Dy), Cobalt (Co) nano-powder by binary alloy method. The NdFeB magnetization and magnetic energy product were avoided while the amount of Dy,Co nanocrystalline powder was reduced at the same time. Thus, the production cost of NdFeB magnets is reduced. The sintered (Pr-Nd) 31.5B0.98Co0.5Nb0.3Ga0.2Cu0.15Al0.1Febal x wt%Dy (x0. 0 0. 4 0. 8 + 1. 21. 6) sintered magnets were prepared in an industrial production line. The morphology, microstructure, composition, magnetic properties and mechanical properties of sintered NdFeB magnets were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, particle size distribution, hysteresis loop tester and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the coercivity of the magnets increases significantly with the increase of the mass fraction of Dy elements, and the remanent magnetism and the maximum magnetic energy product decrease slightly. When x is 1.6 wt%, the coercivity of the magnet reaches the maximum value of 15.23KOe. the coercivity increases by 1.2%, the remanent magnetism and the maximum magnetic energy product decrease by 2.7% and 3.4%, respectively, and the Vickers hardness is 522.01 HVV, which decreases by 4. When x is 0.8wt%, the coercivity of the magnet reaches 14.29KOe. the coercivity increases by 5.4. the remanence and the maximum magnetic energy product decrease by 1.3and 1.5, respectively, and the Vickers hardness is 583.47HV, up 7.1 percent. The comprehensive magnetic performance is optimal. The sintered (Pr-Nd) 31.5-xB0.98CoxNb0.3Ga0.2Cu0.15Al0.1Febal magnets were prepared on an industrial production line. The relationship between the microstructure, magnetic properties, mechanical properties and temperature stability of magnets and the addition of Co was analyzed. The results show that the addition of a certain amount of Co can effectively inhibit the formation of 偽-Fe in the ingot and form intergranular impurity, which is helpful to weaken the interaction between NdFeB grains and improve the coercivity. With the increase of Co mass fraction, the coercivity, remanence and maximum magnetic energy product of the magnets all increased first and then decreased. When x0. 8, the coercivity of the magnets increased from 13.56KOe to 14.44KO, and the remanence increased from 14.29KGs to 14.35KGs. The maximum magnetic energy product is increased from 49.32MGOe to 49.55MGOE, but the magnetic properties of the magnets decrease slightly when the Co element is added to XG 1.2. Therefore, the comprehensive magnetic properties of the magnets are optimal when XG is 0.8.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM273
本文編號：2376304
[Abstract]:Since the advent of NdFeB in the 1980s, NdFeB has been widely used in new energy vehicles, medical treatment, wind power generation and other high-tech fields with excellent magnetic properties. Is the most rapid development, the most extensive application, market scale development potential of permanent magnet materials. As a basic functional material, NdFeB is of irreplaceable importance, but with the expansion of market demand, there is a further demand for NdFeB technical parameters, which depends not only on the composition of the material, but also on the composition of NdFeB. Moreover, it is closely related to the structure of the material and the preparation process. Although a lot of experiments have been done on the sintered NdFeB, the products are not competitive in the international market because of the high cost of the rare earth materials or the old production equipment and the obsolete process. Therefore, how to reduce the cost and improve the magnetic properties of NdFeB at the same time has been a hot topic for researchers at home and abroad. In this paper, the high coercivity sintered NdFeB magnets were prepared by doping a small amount of dysprosium (Dy), Cobalt (Co) nano-powder by binary alloy method. The NdFeB magnetization and magnetic energy product were avoided while the amount of Dy,Co nanocrystalline powder was reduced at the same time. Thus, the production cost of NdFeB magnets is reduced. The sintered (Pr-Nd) 31.5B0.98Co0.5Nb0.3Ga0.2Cu0.15Al0.1Febal x wt%Dy (x0. 0 0. 4 0. 8 + 1. 21. 6) sintered magnets were prepared in an industrial production line. The morphology, microstructure, composition, magnetic properties and mechanical properties of sintered NdFeB magnets were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, particle size distribution, hysteresis loop tester and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the coercivity of the magnets increases significantly with the increase of the mass fraction of Dy elements, and the remanent magnetism and the maximum magnetic energy product decrease slightly. When x is 1.6 wt%, the coercivity of the magnet reaches the maximum value of 15.23KOe. the coercivity increases by 1.2%, the remanent magnetism and the maximum magnetic energy product decrease by 2.7% and 3.4%, respectively, and the Vickers hardness is 522.01 HVV, which decreases by 4. When x is 0.8wt%, the coercivity of the magnet reaches 14.29KOe. the coercivity increases by 5.4. the remanence and the maximum magnetic energy product decrease by 1.3and 1.5, respectively, and the Vickers hardness is 583.47HV, up 7.1 percent. The comprehensive magnetic performance is optimal. The sintered (Pr-Nd) 31.5-xB0.98CoxNb0.3Ga0.2Cu0.15Al0.1Febal magnets were prepared on an industrial production line. The relationship between the microstructure, magnetic properties, mechanical properties and temperature stability of magnets and the addition of Co was analyzed. The results show that the addition of a certain amount of Co can effectively inhibit the formation of 偽-Fe in the ingot and form intergranular impurity, which is helpful to weaken the interaction between NdFeB grains and improve the coercivity. With the increase of Co mass fraction, the coercivity, remanence and maximum magnetic energy product of the magnets all increased first and then decreased. When x0. 8, the coercivity of the magnets increased from 13.56KOe to 14.44KO, and the remanence increased from 14.29KGs to 14.35KGs. The maximum magnetic energy product is increased from 49.32MGOe to 49.55MGOE, but the magnetic properties of the magnets decrease slightly when the Co element is added to XG 1.2. Therefore, the comprehensive magnetic properties of the magnets are optimal when XG is 0.8.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM273
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