【摘要】：由于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,石油、煤炭等不可再生資源逐漸消耗殆盡,風(fēng)能作為可再生資源,一定程度上能夠滿足我國的能源需求,因此風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)也越來越受到能源界的關(guān)注。隨著風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的單機(jī)功率越來越大,塔架越來越高,其柔性特性更加明顯,而且風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的運(yùn)輸、檢測維修的成本越來越昂貴,風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)必須保證長時(shí)間無故障安全運(yùn)行。軸承作為關(guān)鍵零部件,在齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)的故障比較頻繁,而且其結(jié)構(gòu)特性嚴(yán)重影響著齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性。因此探討風(fēng)力機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)在柔性支承下的動(dòng)態(tài)特性具有重要的意義。本課題以復(fù)合間隙下風(fēng)力機(jī)齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)為研究對象,圍繞柔性支承下風(fēng)力機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行研究,主要研究方法和結(jié)論如下:首先,考慮軸承的剛度和阻尼的因素,結(jié)合柔性多體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論建立了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。分析齒輪箱內(nèi)外部激勵(lì)的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理和計(jì)算方法,并且將方程組簡化成統(tǒng)一的矩陣形式。其次,建立軸承運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型和磨損數(shù)值仿真模型,考慮油膜厚度因素優(yōu)化接觸半寬參數(shù),實(shí)例求解風(fēng)力機(jī)軸承磨損量的大小,發(fā)現(xiàn)軸承的外圈磨損最為嚴(yán)重。最后,考慮了軸承間隙和齒輪齒測間隙的因素影響,建立了復(fù)合間隙下風(fēng)力機(jī)齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,運(yùn)用Simulink系統(tǒng)模塊分析計(jì)算了齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)各部件的振動(dòng)位移,并且比較了各部件的動(dòng)態(tài)特性,對比了有無間隙時(shí)的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中速軸齒輪和軸承的振動(dòng)位移差別。發(fā)現(xiàn)在同一振動(dòng)方向上,齒輪的振動(dòng)幅值大于軸承的振動(dòng)幅值,各部件都有自己的固有振動(dòng)頻率,無間隙的振動(dòng)幅值小于有間隙的振動(dòng)幅值。所得結(jié)論對于風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)特性的設(shè)計(jì)提供了一定的參考。
[Abstract]:Due to the rapid development of the global economy, non-renewable resources such as oil, coal and so on are gradually depleted. Wind energy, as a renewable resource, can to some extent meet the energy demand of our country. As a result, wind turbines are getting more and more attention from the energy sector. As the power of the wind turbine becomes more and more powerful, the tower becomes higher and higher, the flexibility of the wind turbine becomes more and more obvious, and the cost of detecting and maintaining the wind turbine is becoming more and more expensive. Wind turbines must be operated safely for a long time without fault. As a key component, the bearing frequently occurs in the gearbox transmission system, and its structural characteristics seriously affect the dynamic characteristics of the gearbox transmission system. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic characteristics of wind turbine transmission system under flexible support. This paper takes the gearbox transmission system of wind turbine with composite clearance as the research object, and studies the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine transmission system under flexible support. The main research methods and conclusions are as follows: firstly, the factors of bearing stiffness and damping are considered. The mathematical model of wind turbine transmission system is established based on flexible multi-body dynamics theory. The generation mechanism and calculation method of the internal and external excitations in the gearbox are analyzed, and the equations are simplified into a unified matrix form. Secondly, the bearing kinematics model and wear numerical simulation model are established. Considering the oil film thickness factor, the contact half-width parameter is optimized, and the magnitude of bearing wear is solved by an example. It is found that the outer ring wear of the bearing is the most serious. Finally, considering the influence of bearing clearance and gear-tooth measuring clearance, the mathematical model of gearbox transmission system of wind turbine under composite clearance is established, and the vibration displacement of various parts of gearbox transmission system is analyzed and calculated by using Simulink system module. The dynamic characteristics of each component are compared, and the difference of vibration displacement between gear and bearing in transmission system with or without clearance is compared. It is found that in the same vibration direction, the vibration amplitude of the gear is larger than that of the bearing, and each component has its own natural vibration frequency, and the vibration amplitude without clearance is smaller than the vibration amplitude with clearance. The conclusion provides a reference for the design of the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine transmission system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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