【摘要】：煤炭等能源供應(yīng)緊張的同時也造成了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染問題,以大型火力電站為電源的常規(guī)電網(wǎng)難以滿足用戶在安全性和多樣性方面的需求。對可再生能源的研究利用以及對多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的需求日益增長,海洋能集成供電技術(shù)的研究對于遠(yuǎn)離大陸的海島供電有著重要意義。由于海洋能等可再生能源發(fā)電的輸出功率嚴(yán)重依賴于氣候條件,電能質(zhì)量不高,具有極度的間歇性及不可控性,難以滿足用戶需求,因此本論文依托于863項目開展,以工程項目應(yīng)用為研究出發(fā)點,對海洋能集成供電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計優(yōu)化、復(fù)合儲能技術(shù)及直流微網(wǎng)控制技術(shù)展開了研究。本文首先分析了海洋能集成供電系統(tǒng)的研究課題和研究意義,分析了分布式供電系統(tǒng)及微電網(wǎng)、復(fù)合儲能系統(tǒng)的研究背景現(xiàn)狀及意義,按母線類型分類分析了微電網(wǎng)的直流微電網(wǎng)及交流微電網(wǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及運(yùn)行特性,并分析了微電網(wǎng)的接口電路特性,具體包括AC/DC整流電路、DC/DC雙向升降壓變換電路、DC/AC逆變電路等。隨后搭建了多能互補(bǔ)直流微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行了需求分析、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計、容量配置優(yōu)化,并對波浪能及潮流能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)及復(fù)合儲能系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了建模分析,對相應(yīng)變流器進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計及控制策略分析。設(shè)計蓄電池超級電容復(fù)合儲能方案,分別分析蓄電池及超級電容的特性及等效電路模型,通過協(xié)調(diào)控制蓄電池和超級電容儲能的充放電來維持系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。最后提出直流微電網(wǎng)多電源協(xié)調(diào)控制技術(shù)。通過分析直流微電網(wǎng)基本控制策略,提出適用于海洋能集成供電系統(tǒng)的微電源及儲能的控制策略及能量管理方案,對直流微網(wǎng)采取三層控制策略,包括微電源控制層、直流母線控制層、組網(wǎng)控制管理層。其中直流母線控制層采用母線電壓控制方法,按電壓閾值將微網(wǎng)工作狀態(tài)劃分為六個階段,根據(jù)電壓判斷微電源的工作模式,對儲能充放電和負(fù)載的投切進(jìn)行控制,從而保證在波浪能及潮流能輸出不穩(wěn)定或者負(fù)載波動較大的情況下,不至于造成大的電壓波動,并且最大限度的利用海洋能。并在研究基礎(chǔ)上搭建集成供電系統(tǒng)實驗平臺,通過使用可控電源模擬波浪能及潮流能發(fā)電輸出,在變負(fù)載工況下運(yùn)行,實驗過程中蓄電池和超級電容協(xié)調(diào)工作,穩(wěn)定直流母線電壓,實驗結(jié)果驗證了控制策略可靠性及系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:The shortage of energy supply, such as coal, has also caused serious environmental pollution. The conventional power grid with large thermal power station as the power source is difficult to meet the needs of users in safety and diversity. The research and utilization of renewable energy and the increasing demand for multi-energy complementary microgrid make the research of integrated oceanic power supply technology important for the island power supply far from the continent. Because the output power of renewable energy such as oceanic energy depends heavily on climatic conditions, the power quality is not high, and it is extremely intermittent and uncontrollable, so it is difficult to meet the needs of users. Therefore, this paper is based on the 863 project. Based on the application of engineering project, the design optimization, composite energy storage technology and DC microgrid control technology of integrated oceanic energy supply system are studied. This paper first analyzes the research topic and significance of integrated marine energy supply system, and analyzes the research background and significance of distributed power supply system, microgrid and composite energy storage system. The structure and operation characteristics of DC microgrid and AC microgrid in microgrid are analyzed according to the type of bus. The interface circuit characteristics of microgrid are analyzed, including AC/DC rectifier circuit, DC/DC bidirectional up-down voltage conversion circuit. DC/AC inverter circuit. Then, the multi-energy complementary DC micro-grid system is built, including demand analysis, structural optimization design, capacity configuration optimization, and the modeling and analysis of wave energy and tidal current generation system and composite energy storage system. The structure design and control strategy of the converter are analyzed. In order to maintain the stability of the storage system, the characteristics and equivalent circuit models of the storage battery and the super capacitor were analyzed, and the charging and discharging of the storage battery and the super capacitor were coordinated. Finally, the multi-power coordinated control technology of DC micro-grid is proposed. By analyzing the basic control strategy of DC microgrid, the control strategy and energy management scheme of micro-power supply and energy storage for integrated marine power supply system are put forward, and the three-layer control strategy is adopted for DC micro-grid, including micro-power control layer. DC bus control layer, network control management. The DC busbar control layer adopts the bus voltage control method. According to the voltage threshold, the working state of the microgrid is divided into six stages. According to the voltage, the working mode of the micro-power supply is judged, and the storage, charge, discharge and load switching are controlled. In order to ensure that the wave energy and tide energy output instability or load fluctuations, it will not cause large voltage fluctuations, and maximize the use of ocean energy. On the basis of the research, an integrated power supply system experiment platform is set up. By using controllable power supply to simulate wave energy and tidal current energy generation output, and running under variable load conditions, the battery and super capacitor work harmoniously during the experiment. The DC bus voltage is stabilized and the reliability of the control strategy and the stability of the system are verified by the experimental results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM727

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