【摘要】：能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境危機(jī)大大促進(jìn)了風(fēng)能、太陽能等新能源的發(fā)展。而風(fēng)能和太陽能等新能源系統(tǒng)的輸出功率受氣候和天氣影響波動(dòng)比較大,在并網(wǎng)時(shí)對(duì)電能的質(zhì)量以及電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性會(huì)有很大影響,所以光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)需要足夠容量的儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備才能穩(wěn)定地提供符合質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的電能。在傳統(tǒng)的分布式發(fā)電中,儲(chǔ)能單元主要是通過對(duì)蓄電池的充放電進(jìn)行控制來實(shí)現(xiàn)能量的存儲(chǔ)和調(diào)動(dòng),在并網(wǎng)時(shí)仍會(huì)對(duì)電網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生較大沖擊,導(dǎo)致母線電壓的波動(dòng),同時(shí)對(duì)于蓄電池本身的壽命非常不利;因此,本文提出了將混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)并網(wǎng)中,并通過光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)和儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)之間互補(bǔ)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行組合構(gòu)成一個(gè)小型的微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究。首先,對(duì)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的基本組成和原理特性展開研究,重點(diǎn)分析和研究光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的各種組成,并且對(duì)其進(jìn)行了比較詳細(xì)的分類,最后給出相應(yīng)光伏電池的等效模型和光伏發(fā)電輸出特性;研究了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)并網(wǎng)控制中的一些關(guān)鍵性基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)為本文微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行研究提供理論技術(shù)支撐。其次,提出一種光伏最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(MPPT)的控制方法并對(duì)蓄電池和超級(jí)電容儲(chǔ)能的原理進(jìn)行分析,重點(diǎn)對(duì)蓄電池和超級(jí)電容這兩種儲(chǔ)能裝置分別進(jìn)行仿真研究,得到它們各自運(yùn)用于光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的特性,同時(shí)利用兩者可以進(jìn)行優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)的特性,將兩者結(jié)合以后進(jìn)行混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)建模和仿真分析,并提出可以實(shí)現(xiàn)蓄電池-超級(jí)電容快速響應(yīng)的直流母線電壓平衡控制策略。同時(shí)研究了用于并網(wǎng)研究的光伏逆變器,逆變器采用恒功率控制策略進(jìn)行控制,并通過建模和仿真驗(yàn)證了控制方法的正確性。最后,在前面研究的基礎(chǔ)上使用Matlab/Simulink搭建結(jié)合了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)以及蓄電池-超級(jí)電容儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的微電網(wǎng)模型,并且對(duì)它并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行下的特性進(jìn)行分析,仿真結(jié)果表明,基于混合儲(chǔ)能的微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)控制策略具有一定的優(yōu)越性和正確性,驗(yàn)證了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中加入混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)后進(jìn)行并網(wǎng)的可行性,能夠降低瞬間能量不平衡對(duì)電網(wǎng)的沖擊作用,從而為微電網(wǎng)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用發(fā)展提供一定的理論參考和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Energy crisis and environmental crisis have greatly promoted the development of new energy, such as wind energy and solar energy. However, the output power of new energy systems, such as wind and solar energy, fluctuates greatly by climate and weather, which will have a great impact on the quality of electric energy and the stability of power systems when connected to the grid. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation systems require sufficient capacity energy storage equipment to provide stable power to meet quality standards. In the traditional distributed generation, the energy storage unit mainly controls the charge and discharge of the battery to realize the storage and transfer of energy, which will still have a great impact on the grid when connected to the grid, resulting in the fluctuation of bus voltage. At the same time, it is very disadvantageous to the life of the battery itself. Therefore, the hybrid energy storage system is applied to the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system, and a small micro-grid system is constructed by combining the characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system and the energy storage system. First of all, the basic composition and principle characteristics of photovoltaic power generation system are studied, and the various components of photovoltaic power generation system are analyzed and studied in detail. Finally, the equivalent model of photovoltaic cells and the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells are given. Some key technologies in grid-connected control of photovoltaic power system are studied in this paper, which provide theoretical and technical support for the research of grid-connected operation of micro-grid. Secondly, a control method of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is proposed and the principle of storage battery and super capacitor energy storage is analyzed. The characteristics of their application in photovoltaic power generation system are obtained. At the same time, the hybrid energy storage system modeling and simulation analysis are carried out after combining the two characteristics, which can complement each other with each other. The DC bus voltage balance control strategy which can realize the fast response of battery-super capacitor is proposed. At the same time, the photovoltaic inverter used in grid-connected research is studied. The inverter is controlled by constant power control strategy, and the correctness of the control method is verified by modeling and simulation. Finally, on the basis of the previous research, Matlab/Simulink is used to build the microgrid model combining photovoltaic system and accumulate-super capacitor energy storage system, and the characteristics of the system are analyzed. The simulation results show that, The grid-connected control strategy of microgrid based on hybrid energy storage has certain advantages and correctness, which verifies the feasibility of grid connection after the hybrid energy storage system is added in photovoltaic power generation system, and can reduce the impact of instantaneous energy imbalance on the grid. Therefore, it provides some theoretical reference and technical support for the practical application and development of microgrid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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本文編號(hào)：2361212