基于ZnO電子傳輸層的鈣鈦礦太陽電池研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-24 12:50
【摘要】：近年來,以有機(jī)/無機(jī)鹵素鉛鈣鈦礦(CH_3NH_3Pb IX_3,X=Cl,Br,I)為代表的鈣鈦礦材料成為太陽電池領(lǐng)域新的研究熱點(diǎn)。該種材料具有較長的電荷擴(kuò)散長度、較高的光吸收系數(shù)、合適的禁帶寬度。基于此類材料的太陽電池的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率經(jīng)過幾年的發(fā)展從2009年的3.8%迅速攀升到目前報(bào)道的22.1%。其中,電子傳輸層是鈣鈦礦太陽電池的重要組成部分,起到收集和傳輸光生電子至對電極,同時阻擋空穴的作用,其性能是影響鈣鈦礦太陽電池光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率的關(guān)鍵因素之一。目前常見的鈣鈦礦太陽電池有介孔結(jié)構(gòu)和平面異質(zhì)結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)兩種,其中一維ZnO納米棒薄膜由于其具有直接高效的電子傳輸通道、能夠有效減少光生載流子的復(fù)合等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而受到廣泛關(guān)注;在平面結(jié)構(gòu)電池中,目前常用的電子傳輸層材料有TiO_2和ZnO,然而單層的電子傳輸層都有其局限性,例如,TiO_2作為電子傳輸層,其電荷收集傳輸性能相對較差,ZnO的電子傳輸性能較佳,但ZnO層會有較多裂縫且ZnO/鈣鈦礦界面的載流子復(fù)合較為嚴(yán)重。本論文首先制備了一維ZnO納米棒薄膜的鈣鈦礦太陽電池,通過調(diào)變鋅源濃度和反應(yīng)時間等工藝條件,獲得光電性能優(yōu)異的器件;然后通過使用復(fù)合的TiO_2/ZnO電子傳輸層結(jié)構(gòu),有效提高了電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率(從8.63%提升至9.87%)和短路電流。隨后我們首次提出使用三層TiO_2/ZnO/C60結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合電子傳輸層,制備了FTO/TiO_2/ZnO/C_(60)/CH_3NH_3Pb I_(3-x)Cl_x/Spiro-Meo TAD/Au結(jié)構(gòu)的平面異質(zhì)結(jié)鈣鈦礦電池,解決了單層電子傳輸層存在的問題,有效提高了電池的開路電壓,電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率達(dá)到18.62%,并探究了每層結(jié)構(gòu)對電池光電性能的影響及其作用機(jī)制,為進(jìn)一步研究鈣鈦礦太陽電池提供了相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)和理論支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, perovskite materials represented by organic / inorganic halogen lead perovskite (CH_3NH_3Pb IX_3,X=Cl,Br,I) have become a new research hotspot in solar cell field. The material has long charge diffusion length, high optical absorption coefficient and suitable bandgap. The energy conversion efficiency of solar cells based on this material has risen rapidly from 3.8% in 2009 to 22.1% in recent years. The electron transport layer is an important part of perovskite solar cells. It can collect and transfer photogenerated electrons to opposite electrodes and block holes. Its performance is one of the key factors that affect the photoconversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. At present, there are two kinds of perovskite solar cells: mesoporous structure and planar heterojunction structure. One-dimensional ZnO nanorods film has direct and efficient electron transmission channel. The advantages of effectively reducing photogenerated carrier recombination have attracted wide attention. In planar structure batteries, TiO_2 and ZnO, are commonly used as electron transport layer materials. However, the single layer of electron transport layer has its limitations. For example, as an electron transport layer, TiO_2 has relatively poor charge collection and transport performance. The electron transport performance of ZnO is better, but there are many cracks in ZnO layer and the carrier recombination at ZnO/ perovskite interface is more serious. The perovskite solar cells with one-dimensional ZnO nanorod thin films were prepared in this paper. The excellent optoelectronic devices were obtained by adjusting the concentration of zinc source and reaction time. Then the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (from 8.63% to 9.87%) and short-circuit current are effectively improved by using the composite TiO_2/ZnO electron transport layer structure. Then for the first time we proposed a composite electron transport layer with a three-layer TiO_2/ZnO/C60 structure. A planar heterojunction perovskite cell with FTO/TiO_2/ZnO/C_ (60) / CH_3NH_3Pb I _ (3-x) Cl_x/Spiro-Meo TAD/Au structure was prepared, which solved the problem of single layer electron transport layer. The open circuit voltage of the battery is improved effectively, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery reaches 18.62, and the influence of each layer structure on the photovoltaic performance of the battery and its mechanism are explored. It provides experimental basis and theoretical support for further study of perovskite solar cells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4
本文編號：2353778
[Abstract]:In recent years, perovskite materials represented by organic / inorganic halogen lead perovskite (CH_3NH_3Pb IX_3,X=Cl,Br,I) have become a new research hotspot in solar cell field. The material has long charge diffusion length, high optical absorption coefficient and suitable bandgap. The energy conversion efficiency of solar cells based on this material has risen rapidly from 3.8% in 2009 to 22.1% in recent years. The electron transport layer is an important part of perovskite solar cells. It can collect and transfer photogenerated electrons to opposite electrodes and block holes. Its performance is one of the key factors that affect the photoconversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. At present, there are two kinds of perovskite solar cells: mesoporous structure and planar heterojunction structure. One-dimensional ZnO nanorods film has direct and efficient electron transmission channel. The advantages of effectively reducing photogenerated carrier recombination have attracted wide attention. In planar structure batteries, TiO_2 and ZnO, are commonly used as electron transport layer materials. However, the single layer of electron transport layer has its limitations. For example, as an electron transport layer, TiO_2 has relatively poor charge collection and transport performance. The electron transport performance of ZnO is better, but there are many cracks in ZnO layer and the carrier recombination at ZnO/ perovskite interface is more serious. The perovskite solar cells with one-dimensional ZnO nanorod thin films were prepared in this paper. The excellent optoelectronic devices were obtained by adjusting the concentration of zinc source and reaction time. Then the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (from 8.63% to 9.87%) and short-circuit current are effectively improved by using the composite TiO_2/ZnO electron transport layer structure. Then for the first time we proposed a composite electron transport layer with a three-layer TiO_2/ZnO/C60 structure. A planar heterojunction perovskite cell with FTO/TiO_2/ZnO/C_ (60) / CH_3NH_3Pb I _ (3-x) Cl_x/Spiro-Meo TAD/Au structure was prepared, which solved the problem of single layer electron transport layer. The open circuit voltage of the battery is improved effectively, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery reaches 18.62, and the influence of each layer structure on the photovoltaic performance of the battery and its mechanism are explored. It provides experimental basis and theoretical support for further study of perovskite solar cells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4
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