【摘要】：隨著智能電網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展,微網(wǎng)為分布式電源提供了集成的平臺(tái),具有較大的技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境效益。微網(wǎng)受新能源功率不確定性與波動(dòng)性的影響,其可調(diào)度性、穩(wěn)定性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性很難得到保證。為了使微網(wǎng)可靠、經(jīng)濟(jì)地運(yùn)行,有必要考慮功率備用并協(xié)調(diào)微網(wǎng)內(nèi)的可調(diào)節(jié)單元對(duì)微網(wǎng)進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度。為減小新能源功率不確定性與波動(dòng)性的影響,本文在微網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度中引入備用功率機(jī)會(huì)約束條件,并采用序列運(yùn)算理論對(duì)不確定性變量建模以高效率處理機(jī)會(huì)約束條件。分別對(duì)并網(wǎng)微網(wǎng)及孤立微網(wǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度進(jìn)行研究。首先,建立了負(fù)荷及新能源功率預(yù)測(cè)誤差的不確定性模型。采用概率性序列描述風(fēng)電、光伏及負(fù)荷功率預(yù)測(cè)誤差的聯(lián)合離散概率分布,為在調(diào)度過程中考慮新能源功率不確定性奠定基礎(chǔ)。其次,建立了微燃機(jī)、蓄電池、可平移負(fù)荷、彈性負(fù)荷及可切除負(fù)荷的調(diào)度模型。改進(jìn)了蓄電池放電深度模型,更恰當(dāng)?shù)乇硎拘铍姵氐某浞烹姵杀�。然�?考慮新能源功率不確定性先后建立了并網(wǎng)微網(wǎng)及孤立微網(wǎng)日前經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度模型,對(duì)孤立微網(wǎng)建立了日內(nèi)短期滾動(dòng)調(diào)度模型,進(jìn)行多時(shí)間尺度調(diào)度進(jìn)一步減小功率預(yù)測(cè)誤差的影響。采用機(jī)會(huì)約束理論將新能源不確定性以旋轉(zhuǎn)備用約束的方式融入調(diào)度模型。其中并網(wǎng)微網(wǎng)調(diào)度考慮分時(shí)電價(jià);孤立微網(wǎng)內(nèi)考慮需求側(cè)靈活性負(fù)荷的互動(dòng)。考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)性、環(huán)保性與可靠性構(gòu)建了以系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行成本最低為目標(biāo)的調(diào)度模型。最后,為了改善優(yōu)化算法的收斂性能,本文將遺傳算法和粒子群算法結(jié)合,并引入專家經(jīng)驗(yàn)邏輯策略對(duì)最優(yōu)解修正,還將多個(gè)變量解耦優(yōu)化,另外以功率不平衡的時(shí)段為中心進(jìn)行局部小步長隨機(jī)搜索。針對(duì)備用需求和不平衡功率分別設(shè)置特殊的粒子。通過微網(wǎng)算例對(duì)本文提出的模型、方法進(jìn)行了分析和驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明,本文所提模型能夠在減小新能源功率不確定性與波動(dòng)性影響的同時(shí)保證微網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行,對(duì)并網(wǎng)微網(wǎng)及孤立微網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of smart grid, microgrid provides an integrated platform for distributed power generation, which has great technical, economic and environmental benefits. Due to the uncertainty and fluctuation of new energy power, it is difficult to ensure the schedulability, stability and economy of microgrid. In order to make the microgrid run reliably and economically, it is necessary to consider the power reserve and coordinate the adjustable units in the microgrid for economic scheduling. In order to reduce the influence of uncertainty and volatility of new energy power, this paper introduces the spare power chance constraint condition in the microgrid economic scheduling, and uses the sequence operation theory to model the uncertain variable to deal with the opportunity constraint condition efficiently. The economic scheduling of grid-connected microgrid and isolated microgrid is studied respectively. Firstly, the uncertainty model of load and new energy power prediction error is established. The probabilistic sequence is used to describe the joint discrete probability distribution of wind power, photovoltaic and load power prediction errors, which lays the foundation for considering the uncertainty of new energy power in the scheduling process. Secondly, the dispatching models of micro gas turbine, battery, translational load, elastic load and removable load are established. The discharge depth model of battery is improved, and the charge and discharge cost of battery is more appropriately expressed. Then, considering the uncertainty of new energy power, the economic scheduling model of grid-connected microgrid and isolated microgrid is established, and the short-term rolling scheduling model of isolated microgrid is established. Multi-time scale scheduling can further reduce the influence of power prediction error. The opportunity constraint theory is used to integrate the uncertainty of new energy into the scheduling model by rotating reserve constraints. Time-sharing pricing is considered in grid-connected microgrid scheduling, and interaction of demand-side flexible load is considered in isolated microgrid. Considering economy, environmental protection and reliability, a scheduling model aiming at the lowest operating cost of the system is constructed. Finally, in order to improve the convergence performance of the optimization algorithm, the genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization are combined, and the expert empirical logic strategy is introduced to modify the optimal solution, and several variables are decoupled and optimized. In addition, the local small step size random search is carried out at the time when the power imbalance is taken as the center. Special particles are set for reserve demand and unbalanced power respectively. The model and method proposed in this paper are analyzed and verified by a microgrid example. The results show that the proposed model can not only reduce the uncertainty and volatility of new energy sources, but also ensure the economic operation of microgrid, which has some reference value for economic scheduling of grid-connected microgrid and isolated micro-grid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM73

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