【摘要】：永磁同步電機(jī)無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)能夠降低系統(tǒng)成本,增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)的可靠性,因此成為電機(jī)控制領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文主要針對適用于高速的滑模觀測器法進(jìn)行了研究,采用適用于零速和低速的高頻電壓注入法估計轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置并起動,然后選擇合適的切換方式實(shí)現(xiàn)低速區(qū)到高速區(qū)的平滑銜接。首先,根據(jù)內(nèi)永磁同步電機(jī)的高頻數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過脈振電壓注入并解調(diào)高頻響應(yīng)電流,提取出轉(zhuǎn)子磁極位置；然后根據(jù)定子鐵心飽和磁化特性,采用脈沖電壓注入并比較響應(yīng)電流的峰值,判斷出轉(zhuǎn)子磁極極性,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)零速和低速時轉(zhuǎn)子磁極角度及轉(zhuǎn)速的檢測。其次,根據(jù)內(nèi)永磁同步電機(jī)的基頻數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)原理,設(shè)計了基于擴(kuò)展反電動勢的內(nèi)永磁同步電機(jī)滑模觀測器。通過以邊界層可變的飽和函數(shù)代替符號函數(shù),減小了滑模抖振；通過采用一種轉(zhuǎn)折頻率隨轉(zhuǎn)速實(shí)時調(diào)整的自適應(yīng)數(shù)字低通濾波器,使得觀測器在不同轉(zhuǎn)速時的角度滯后值恒定,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)高速時轉(zhuǎn)子磁極角度及轉(zhuǎn)速的觀測并具備良好的動態(tài)觀測性能。最后,根據(jù)設(shè)計方案搭建了內(nèi)永磁同步電機(jī)無位置傳感器控制的軟硬件平臺,并通過實(shí)驗對理論推導(dǎo)進(jìn)行驗證。實(shí)驗結(jié)果表明：高頻電壓注入法的估計結(jié)果精度較高,可以使電機(jī)在零速時可靠起動并在低速區(qū)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行；改進(jìn)的滑模觀測器改善了系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)性能,可以使電機(jī)在高速區(qū)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行;所選定的切換點(diǎn)及切換方式保證了兩種估計方法的平滑銜接,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)完整的無位置傳感器矢量控制。
[Abstract]:The position sensorless control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can reduce the cost of the system and enhance the reliability of the system, so it has become a research hotspot in the field of motor control. In this paper, the sliding mode observer method suitable for high speed is studied. The high frequency voltage injection method, which is suitable for zero speed and low speed, is used to estimate the initial position of rotor and start. Then choose the appropriate switching mode to realize the smooth connection from the low speed region to the high speed zone. Firstly, according to the high frequency mathematical model of the inner permanent magnet synchronous motor, the rotor pole position is extracted by injecting and demodulating the high frequency response current. Then according to the saturation magnetization characteristics of stator core the polarity of rotor magnetic pole is determined by injecting pulse voltage and comparing the peak value of response current so as to realize the detection of rotor pole angle and rotation speed at zero speed and low speed. Secondly, according to the fundamental frequency mathematical model of inner permanent magnet synchronous motor and the principle of sliding mode variable structure, the sliding mode observer of internal permanent magnet synchronous motor based on extended backEMF is designed. The sliding mode chattering is reduced by replacing the symbolic function with the boundary layer variable saturation function. By adopting an adaptive digital low-pass filter, which adjusts the turning frequency with the rotation speed in real time, the angle lag value of the observer at different rotational speeds is constant. Thus, the rotor pole angle and rotational speed can be observed at high speed and have good dynamic observation performance. Finally, the hardware and software platform of position sensorless control of PMSM is built according to the design scheme, and the theoretical derivation is verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the high frequency voltage injection method has a high accuracy and can make the motor start reliably at zero speed and run stably in the low speed region. The improved sliding mode observer can improve the dynamic performance of the system and make the motor run stably in the high speed region. The selected switching points and switching methods ensure the smooth connection of the two estimation methods, thus the complete sensorless vector control is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM341

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 邱騰飛;溫旭輝;趙峰;王永興;;永磁同步電機(jī)永磁磁鏈自適應(yīng)觀測器設(shè)計方法[J];中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報;2015年09期

2 谷鑫;胡升;史婷娜;耿強(qiáng);;基于神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的永磁同步電機(jī)多參數(shù)解耦在線辨識[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報;2015年06期

3 操張鵬;廖勇;李福;;雙低通濾波器法改進(jìn)電壓型定子磁鏈觀測器研究[J];電工電能新技術(shù);2015年03期

4 陸ZK泉;林鶴云;馮奕;韓俊林;;永磁同步電機(jī)無傳感器控制的軟開關(guān)滑模觀測器[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報;2015年02期

5 陳增祿;馬鑫;姬弘揚(yáng);劉娟娟;汪冰;;定子磁鏈電壓模型的偏移計算和反饋補(bǔ)償新方法[J];中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報;2014年18期

6 周揚(yáng)忠;毛潔;;基于有效磁鏈概念的永磁同步電動機(jī)新型定子磁鏈滑模觀測器[J];中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報;2013年12期

7 徐東;王田苗;魏洪興;;一種基于簡化模型的永磁同步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動慣量辨識和誤差補(bǔ)償[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報;2013年02期

8 史宇超;孫凱;馬鴻雁;黃立培;;內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電機(jī)永磁磁鏈的在線辨識[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報;2011年09期

9 魯文其;胡育文;杜栩楊;黃文新;;永磁同步電機(jī)新型滑模觀測器無傳感器矢量控制調(diào)速系統(tǒng)[J];中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報;2010年33期

10 劉侃;章兢;;基于自適應(yīng)線性元件神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的表面式永磁同步電機(jī)參數(shù)在線辨識[J];中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報;2010年30期

，

本文編號：2324322