【摘要】：金屬基負極材料因其高比容量和安全性非常有希望成為下一代鋰離子電池負極材料。納米化和合金化是解決金屬基負極材料在使用過程中嚴重體積膨脹問題的有效途徑。本文在不使用模板法的情況下,于離子液體中直接電沉積得到AlFe及SnCo合金納米線負極材料。該研究為鋰離子電池金屬基負極材料的制備提供了更加簡便、低廉的方法,研究內容具有較好的理論與實際應用價值。論文采用AlCl_3-FeCl_3-TMHC離子液體,研究了Al3+離子及Fe3+離子的電化學還原過程和形核機理。通過恒電位電解,在AlCl_3-FeCl_3-TMHC離子液體中制備了 AlFe合金納米線。研究了 FeCl_3對形成的納米線的形貌、成分、結構以及A1納米線負極材料性能的影響。研究結果得到平均直徑約為140nm的AlFe納米線,作為鋰離子電池負極材料在循環(huán)50圈之后容量能夠保持約570mAh/g。在SnCl_2-CoCl_2-EMIC離子液體中,直接電沉積制備了 SnCo合金納米線。研究了離子液體組成、電位等參數(shù)對電沉積所得產(chǎn)物的形貌、成分及作為鋰離子電池負極性能的影響。研究結果表明:通過直接電沉積能夠得到平均直徑約為50nm的SnCo納米線,其作為鋰離子電池負極材料在循環(huán)60圈之后比容量能保持600mAh/g。實驗證明了過渡金屬Fe、Co摻雜在一定程度上能夠起到提高金屬Al、Sn作為負極材料循環(huán)性能的作用。
[Abstract]:Metal-based anode materials are expected to be the next generation of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their high specific capacity and safety. Nanocrystalline and alloying are effective ways to solve the serious volume expansion problem of metal based anode materials. In this paper, AlFe and SnCo alloy nanowire anode materials were obtained by direct electrodeposition in ionic liquids without template method. This study provides a more simple and inexpensive method for the preparation of metal-based anode materials for lithium ion batteries, and the research content has good theoretical and practical application value. The electrochemical reduction process and nucleation mechanism of Al3 and Fe3 ions were studied by using AlCl_3-FeCl_3-TMHC ionic liquids. AlFe alloy nanowires were prepared in AlCl_3-FeCl_3-TMHC ionic liquids by potentiostatic electrolysis. The effects of FeCl_3 on the morphology, composition, structure and properties of Al nanowires were investigated. The results show that AlFe nanowires with an average diameter of about 140nm can be used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries to maintain the capacity of about 570 mAh/ g after 50 cycles. SnCo alloy nanowires were prepared by direct electrodeposition in SnCl_2-CoCl_2-EMIC ionic liquids. The effects of ionic liquid composition, potential and other parameters on the morphology, composition and negative electrode performance of the products obtained by electrodeposition were studied. The results show that SnCo nanowires with an average diameter of about 50nm can be obtained by direct electrodeposition, and the specific capacity of SnCo nanowires, which are used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, can be kept at 600mAh/ g after 60 cycles. The experimental results show that transition metal Fe,Co doping can improve the cycling performance of metal Al,Sn as anode materials to some extent.
【學位授予單位】：華東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM912

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