【摘要】：能源產(chǎn)業(yè)是人類社會(huì)的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)之一,隨著工業(yè)水平及生活水平的改善,電力資源不斷減少。因此對(duì)自然環(huán)境中普遍存在的振動(dòng)能量進(jìn)行收集,使機(jī)械振動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換成為生活中的電能,吸引了廣大研究者的關(guān)注。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),將環(huán)境中的振動(dòng)能量轉(zhuǎn)換成為所需要的電能可以利用磁控形狀記憶合金(MSMA)的逆效應(yīng),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)微型傳感器和鋰電池供電。因此,本文主要從MSMA振動(dòng)能量采集實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)及其電源管理電路著手,并進(jìn)行了深入研究。首先,簡(jiǎn)要介紹了振動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)研究背景及微型振動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,闡明了磁控形狀記憶合金材料的變形機(jī)理,并確定了本文主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容與方向。其次,根據(jù)MSMA的變形機(jī)理建立了MSMA振動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,即振動(dòng)應(yīng)力和輸出電壓關(guān)系的數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用Matlab對(duì)其數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行仿真,分析振動(dòng)應(yīng)力和輸出電壓之間的關(guān)系,通過(guò)振動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)上做大量振動(dòng)應(yīng)力與輸出電壓的實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了仿真結(jié)果中振動(dòng)應(yīng)力與輸出電壓的關(guān)系的正確性。再次,為了收集MSMA振動(dòng)能量采集裝置輸出的低壓交流電,為負(fù)載輸出穩(wěn)定的直流電,提出基于DC/DC升壓轉(zhuǎn)換電路的電源管理系統(tǒng)及基于LTC3108和LTC4070的電源管理系統(tǒng),并利用LTspice對(duì)兩種電路分別進(jìn)行仿真,進(jìn)一步分析了電路的仿真結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了電路輸出電壓的穩(wěn)定性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)振動(dòng)能量的采集并對(duì)負(fù)載進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定供電。最后,設(shè)計(jì)了基于BQ25570的電源管理系統(tǒng),采集振動(dòng)能量來(lái)對(duì)負(fù)載進(jìn)行持續(xù)供電。對(duì)BQ25570的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)及功能進(jìn)行分析,設(shè)計(jì)了基于BQ25570的電源管理電路,并利用OrCAD對(duì)其進(jìn)行仿真分析,搭建振動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了此電路輸入幅值或者頻率發(fā)生變化的條件下,仍能夠輸出持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的直流電,為負(fù)載提供電能,在很大程度上滿足了工程應(yīng)用上對(duì)振動(dòng)能量的存儲(chǔ)性能及其效率的需求。并對(duì)本文的研究成果進(jìn)行了總結(jié),指明了需要完善的研究?jī)?nèi)容,并明確了MSMA振動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)的后續(xù)研究工作。
[Abstract]:Energy industry is one of the most important industries in human society. Therefore, the collection of vibration energy in the natural environment and the conversion of mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy in daily life have attracted the attention of many researchers. The researchers found that converting the vibration energy in the environment to the required electric energy can use the inverse effect of magnetically controlled shape memory alloy (MSMA) to supply power to micro sensors and lithium batteries. Therefore, this paper mainly starts from the MSMA vibration energy acquisition experiment platform and its power management circuit, and carries on the thorough research. Firstly, the research background of vibration generator and the research status of micro vibration generator at home and abroad are briefly introduced, the deformation mechanism of magnetic control shape memory alloy material is expounded, and the main research content and direction of this paper are determined. Secondly, according to the deformation mechanism of MSMA, the mathematical model of MSMA vibration generator is established, that is, the relation between vibration stress and output voltage. The mathematical model is simulated by Matlab, and the relationship between vibration stress and output voltage is analyzed. A large number of experiments of vibration stress and output voltage are carried out on the vibratory generator test bench to verify the correctness of the relationship between the vibration stress and the output voltage in the simulation results. Thirdly, in order to collect the low voltage AC output from the MSMA vibration energy acquisition device and output stable DC power for the load, a power management system based on DC/DC boost conversion circuit and a power management system based on LTC3108 and LTC4070 are proposed. The two circuits are simulated by LTspice, and the simulation results are further analyzed. The stability of the output voltage of the circuit is verified, the vibration energy is collected and the load is supplied stably. Finally, a power management system based on BQ25570 is designed to collect vibration energy to supply the load continuously. The internal structure and function of BQ25570 are analyzed, the power management circuit based on BQ25570 is designed, and the OrCAD is used to simulate the circuit to build the experimental platform of vibratory generator. The experimental results show that the circuit can still output steady DC power when the input amplitude or frequency of the circuit changes, which can provide power for the load. To a great extent, it meets the requirement of vibration energy storage performance and efficiency in engineering applications. The research results of this paper are summarized, the research contents that need to be improved are pointed out, and the follow-up research work of MSMA vibration generator is clarified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM31;TM619

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