【摘要】：高壓并聯(lián)電容器組年事故率高,時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)有“群爆群傷”的大型事故的發(fā)生,對電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行及運(yùn)行、檢修人員的人身安全都構(gòu)成了較大的威脅。由于高壓并聯(lián)電容器裝置故障類型較多,但是高壓并聯(lián)電容器裝置缺少有效的監(jiān)測設(shè)備,并且目前國內(nèi)電力部門缺少500kV變電站35kV高壓并聯(lián)電容器組故障的第一手資料,所以僅根據(jù)故障現(xiàn)場掌握的情況難以準(zhǔn)確判定故障原因和提出有針對性的改進(jìn)措施。500kV變電站35kV電容器組是由多臺(tái)電容器串并聯(lián)構(gòu)成的,通常不會(huì)發(fā)生突發(fā)性的全部電容器損壞事故。需采取在線監(jiān)測單臺(tái)電容器的電流及電容器組的電壓情況,并進(jìn)行分析判斷,實(shí)現(xiàn)電容器狀態(tài)的實(shí)時(shí)評(píng)估和故障、異常的及時(shí)報(bào)警,可以及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)電容器缺陷,避免長時(shí)間帶病運(yùn)行而產(chǎn)生故障,可以方便地調(diào)出波形、數(shù)據(jù),直觀地找出電容器故障的原因,為電容器的運(yùn)行維護(hù)提供明確的指引。基于此,本文對一種35kV高壓并聯(lián)電容器組狀態(tài)監(jiān)測裝置展開了研究工作:首先,通過分析高壓并聯(lián)電容器組的運(yùn)行情況及目前的檢測手段引出35kV高壓并聯(lián)電容器組設(shè)備故障前預(yù)防、故障中控制、故障后反饋的一種專用的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測裝置的構(gòu)思。其次,從合閘、分閘和運(yùn)行三個(gè)階段具體分析導(dǎo)致電容器故障的主要因素,通過理論分析得出結(jié)論:合閘、分閘兩個(gè)階段電容器故障主要是由涌流和過電壓等因素造成,運(yùn)行階段電容器的故障主要有過電壓、諧波等因素造成。然后,介紹此種運(yùn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測裝置的硬件及軟件設(shè)計(jì),硬件部分主要包括數(shù)據(jù)采集傳輸系統(tǒng)和高電位電源供給系統(tǒng),其中高電位電源供給系統(tǒng)是本文的一大難點(diǎn)。最后,通過試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ万?yàn)證理論分析結(jié)果,并將此分析結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場安裝運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間后的實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對比得出最終結(jié)論并逐一提出有效的改進(jìn)措施,以期提高電力設(shè)備的安全系數(shù)和電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:The annual accident rate of high voltage shunt capacitor bank is high and there will be a large accident of "group explosion group injury" from time to time, which poses a great threat to the safe and stable operation and operation of power system and the personal safety of overhaul personnel. Because there are many fault types of HV shunt capacitor devices, but the HV shunt capacitor devices lack effective monitoring equipment, and at present the domestic power department lacks the first-hand information of 35kV HV shunt capacitor bank faults in 500kV substation. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the cause of the fault accurately only according to the situation at the fault site. The 35kV capacitor bank in 500kV substation is composed of series and parallel of several capacitors. There is usually no sudden failure of all capacitors. It is necessary to on-line monitor the current of a single capacitor and the voltage of the capacitor bank, and to analyze and judge, to realize the real-time evaluation and fault of the state of the capacitor, to alarm the abnormal state in time, and to discover the defect of the capacitor in time. In order to avoid the trouble caused by long time operation, the waveform and data can be easily sent out, the cause of capacitor fault can be found out intuitively, and the clear guidance can be provided for the operation and maintenance of capacitor. Based on this, this paper studies a state monitoring device for 35kV high voltage shunt capacitor banks. By analyzing the operation situation of HV shunt capacitor banks and the current detection methods, the conception of a special operation state monitoring device for 35kV high voltage shunt capacitor banks is proposed, which is pre-fault prevention, fault control and post-fault feedback. Secondly, from the three stages of closing, opening and running, the main factors causing capacitor fault are analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn through theoretical analysis: the fault of capacitor in two stages is mainly caused by inrush current and overvoltage, etc. The fault of capacitor in operation stage is mainly caused by overvoltage, harmonic and other factors. Then, the hardware and software design of the device are introduced. The hardware mainly includes data acquisition and transmission system and high potential power supply system, among which the high potential power supply system is a big difficulty in this paper. Finally, the experimental model is used to verify the theoretical analysis results, and the analysis results are compared with the actual data after a period of installation and operation on the spot. Finally, the final conclusions are drawn and effective improvement measures are put forward one by one. In order to improve the safety factor of power equipment and the stable operation of power system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM53

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