【摘要】：水電具有成本低、可再生、清潔無污染等特點,符合國家建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會要求,近年來獲得了快速發(fā)展。隨著大機(jī)組、巨型流域梯級電站的相繼建成投產(chǎn),流域梯級水庫的經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)化調(diào)度受到了人們的高度重視,長期以來一直是研究的熱點,研究內(nèi)容主要集中于興利調(diào)度,較少涉及異常及故障情況下流域梯級水庫應(yīng)急聯(lián)合調(diào)度,且研究對象多為常規(guī)梯級水庫系統(tǒng),較少涉及首尾相連型梯級水庫系統(tǒng)。本文圍繞首尾相連型流域梯級水庫安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運行存在的關(guān)鍵問題,以雅礱江流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)為主要研究對象,對該類型流域梯級水庫聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度建模、求解方法和異常及事故情況下應(yīng)急聯(lián)合調(diào)度開展研究,主要研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,闡述了流域梯級水庫水電聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度研究的背景和意義、梯級水庫優(yōu)化調(diào)度運行存在的主要問題和國內(nèi)外水庫優(yōu)化調(diào)度的主要研究進(jìn)展,并以雅礱江流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)為例介紹了首尾相連型流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)及其主要運行特點。其次,分析了不同時間尺度上常規(guī)流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)聯(lián)合優(yōu)化典型調(diào)度數(shù)學(xué)模型及優(yōu)化求解算法流程,選取了相應(yīng)模型對雅礱江流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行聯(lián)合優(yōu)化計算,并對優(yōu)化計算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。接下來,介紹了雅礱江流域首尾相連梯級水庫及其電力送出系統(tǒng),分析了該梯級水庫系統(tǒng)常規(guī)優(yōu)化調(diào)度計算結(jié)果,指出計算調(diào)度方案存在安全運行裕度偏低問題,提出了安全裕度目標(biāo)函數(shù)并求解出該函數(shù)最優(yōu)運行解,以此為基礎(chǔ)提出了適合該流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)改進(jìn)優(yōu)化調(diào)度數(shù)學(xué)模型并進(jìn)行了實例求解,計算結(jié)果驗證了改進(jìn)優(yōu)化調(diào)度數(shù)學(xué)模型在解決常規(guī)興利調(diào)度中安全裕度偏低問題、兼顧興利調(diào)度與安全運行風(fēng)險的有效性。最后,分析了典型異常及事故情況下首尾相連型流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)安全運行存在的主要風(fēng)險,提出了相應(yīng)的水電聯(lián)合應(yīng)急調(diào)控策略,總結(jié)提煉出首尾相連型梯級水庫系統(tǒng)正常及極端工況下的聯(lián)合調(diào)度運行關(guān)鍵技術(shù),并以實際運行案例驗證了異常及事故情況發(fā)生時流域梯級水庫系統(tǒng)極端工況下水電聯(lián)合應(yīng)急調(diào)度策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:Hydropower has the characteristics of low cost, renewable, clean and pollution-free. It meets the requirements of national construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society, and has been developed rapidly in recent years. With the construction and production of large units and giant river basin cascade power stations, people attach great importance to the economic optimal operation of cascade reservoirs in the basin, which has long been the focus of research. The emergency joint operation of cascade reservoirs in river basin is seldom involved in abnormal and fault situations, and the research object is mostly conventional cascade reservoir system, and the first and last connected cascade reservoir system is less involved. This paper focuses on the key problems existing in the safe and economic operation of cascade reservoirs in the first and last connected river basins. Taking the cascade reservoir system of the Yalong River basin as the main research object, this paper models the joint optimal operation of the cascade reservoirs in this type of watershed. The main contents of the research are as follows: firstly, the background and significance of the research on cascade reservoir hydropower joint optimal dispatching in river basin are expounded. The main problems existing in the optimal operation of cascade reservoirs and the main research progress in the optimal operation of reservoirs at home and abroad are discussed. Taking the cascade reservoir system of the Yalong River basin as an example, the cascade reservoir system of the first and last connected river basins and its main operating characteristics are introduced. Secondly, the typical mathematical model and algorithm flow of joint optimization of conventional cascade reservoir system in different time scales are analyzed, and the corresponding model is selected to carry out joint optimization calculation of cascade reservoir system in Yalong River basin. The results of optimization calculation are analyzed. Then, the cascade reservoir and its electric power supply system in Yalong River basin are introduced. The results of conventional optimal operation calculation of the cascade reservoir system are analyzed, and the problem of low safety operation margin in the calculation and dispatching scheme is pointed out. The objective function of safety margin is put forward and the optimal operation solution of this function is obtained. Based on this, a mathematical model for improving optimal operation of cascade reservoir system in the basin is proposed and an example is given to solve the problem. The calculation results show that the improved mathematical model of optimal scheduling is effective in solving the problem of low security margin and taking into account the risks of profit scheduling and security operation. Finally, the main risks in the safe operation of cascade reservoir system in the case of typical anomalies and accidents are analyzed, and the corresponding combined emergency control strategies for hydropower are put forward. Summing up and refining the key technology of combined operation under normal and extreme working conditions of the cascade reservoir system connected with head and tail, The feasibility of the combined emergency dispatching strategy of hydropower under extreme conditions of cascade reservoir system in river basin is verified by actual operation cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM73

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