【摘要】：無功功率是電力系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行的必要條件,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,更高的輸電電壓等級、更長的輸電距離、更大的容量是電力系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展方向,電壓控制和無功平衡的問題也相對突出。磁控電抗器作為一種無功輸出連續(xù)可調(diào)、控制簡單、耐壓等級高的無功補(bǔ)償電力設(shè)備,在電壓穩(wěn)定和無功補(bǔ)償方面具有很好的應(yīng)用前景。但由于磁控電抗器工作在飽和狀態(tài),不可避免的產(chǎn)生諧波電流,造成諧波污染。為了研究磁控電抗器的諧波特性以及抑制諧波電流。本文首先對磁控電抗器的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)與工作原理進(jìn)行分析,根據(jù)晶閘管和電力二極管的導(dǎo)通情況,建立磁控電抗器在不同階段下的數(shù)學(xué)模型。同時,基于10kV/2500kVar油浸式磁控電抗器的試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),介紹磁控電抗器的調(diào)節(jié)器與光纖觸發(fā)磁控箱的硬件組成,闡述成套無功補(bǔ)償設(shè)備的基本硬件設(shè)計(jì)思路與運(yùn)作原理。接著,使用圖解方法分析直流偏磁與激磁電流畸變的關(guān)系,探討磁控電抗器產(chǎn)生諧波的原理。在Matlab編程環(huán)境下,建立磁控電抗器的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)直流偏磁磁滯模型,模擬磁控電抗器的偏磁特性,計(jì)算磁控電抗器在不同觸發(fā)角下的激磁電流,對比實(shí)驗(yàn)波形,驗(yàn)證模型的可靠性。然后,利用快速傅立葉變換對激磁電流的諧波特性進(jìn)行分析,繪制不同偏磁條件下磁控電抗器的各次諧波幅頻特性與含量圖。針對磁控電抗器低磁飽和度工況下,諧波電流含量較大的特點(diǎn),本文采用分級磁閥的設(shè)計(jì)方法,建立分級磁閥結(jié)構(gòu)的等效數(shù)學(xué)模型,使用基于粒子群的優(yōu)化算法對磁控電抗器的磁閥參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,令部分諧波在內(nèi)部可以相互抵消,能有效減小電抗器激磁電流中的各次諧波含量。對于三相磁控電抗器,則通過改變其接線方式,加入移相線圈改變各相諧波的相位,抵消部分次諧波,達(dá)到諧波抑制的目的。最后,使用有限元分析方法,基于ANSYS軟件對磁控電抗器進(jìn)行二維建模,分析其交直流磁場分布特點(diǎn),繪制磁控電抗器的激磁電流和不同工作時刻下的磁密分布云圖。
[Abstract]:Reactive power is a necessary condition for the normal operation of power system. With the development of economy, higher transmission voltage level, longer transmission distance and larger capacity are the development direction of power system. The problems of voltage control and reactive power balance are also relatively prominent. As a kind of reactive power compensator with simple control and high voltage class, magnetic controlled reactor has a good application prospect in voltage stability and reactive power compensation. However, because the magnetron reactor works in saturation state, harmonic current is inevitable and harmonic pollution is caused. In order to study the harmonic characteristics of magnetron reactor and restrain harmonic current. In this paper, the structure characteristics and working principle of magnetron reactor are analyzed firstly. According to the conduction of thyristor and power diode, the mathematical model of magnetron reactor in different stages is established. At the same time, based on the test system of 10kV/2500kVar oil-immersed magnetic reactor, the hardware composition of the regulator of magnetic reactor and the fiber-optic trigger magnetic control box is introduced, and the basic hardware design idea and operation principle of the complete set of reactive power compensation equipment are expounded. Then, the relationship between DC bias and exciting current distortion is analyzed by graphic method, and the principle of harmonic generation in magnetically controlled reactor is discussed. In the Matlab programming environment, the neural network DC bias magnetic hysteresis model of magnetically controlled reactor is established, the magnetic bias characteristic of magnetic controlled reactor is simulated, the excitation current of magnetic controlled reactor under different trigger angles is calculated, and the experimental waveforms are compared. Verify the reliability of the model. Then, the harmonic characteristics of magnetic current are analyzed by fast Fourier transform, and the amplitude-frequency characteristics and contents of each harmonic of magnetically controlled reactor under different magnetic bias are plotted. In view of the large harmonic current content under the condition of low magnetic saturation of the magnetic reactor, the equivalent mathematical model of the structure of the graded magnetic valve is established by adopting the design method of the graded magnetic valve. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the magnetic valve parameters of the magnetically controlled reactor, which makes some harmonics cancel each other in the inner part, which can effectively reduce the harmonic content in the exciting current of the reactor. For the three-phase magnetron reactor, the phase shifting coil is added to change the phase of the phase harmonics by changing its wiring mode, thus canceling some of the subharmonics to achieve the purpose of harmonic suppression. Finally, using finite element analysis method, based on ANSYS software, the two-dimensional modeling of magnetron reactor is carried out, and the characteristics of AC / DC magnetic field distribution are analyzed, and the magnetic current of magnetron reactor and the magnetic density distribution cloud diagram at different working time are plotted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM47

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本文編號：2198092