【摘要】：太陽(yáng)能薄膜電池因其體積小、能耗低、制作工藝相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單而倍受關(guān)注。然而太陽(yáng)能薄膜電池的半導(dǎo)體材料在帶隙邊緣的吸收率都不高,尤其是對(duì)于間接帶隙的硅材料,這極大的影響了薄膜電池的光吸收效率。因此,增強(qiáng)太陽(yáng)能薄膜電池的吸收效率對(duì)薄膜電池光電轉(zhuǎn)換性能提升的有重要意義。鑒于此,論文在國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(11264031),江西省青年科學(xué)基金重大項(xiàng)目(20143ACB21011),江西省自然科學(xué)基金(20151BAB207054,20114BAB201019),南昌航空大學(xué)研究生創(chuàng)新基金及博士啟動(dòng)基金(YC2015042,EA201008232)資助下,主要圍繞硅基微納多齒諧振光柵,探索利用光柵衍射和諧振原理來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)寬帶、大角度、全偏振光捕獲吸收,以獲得光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的顯著提升。論文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)在太陽(yáng)能薄膜電池硅有源層上面設(shè)計(jì)了一種寬帶微納二維多齒光柵陷波器,理論分析表明,此器件在300~1200納米寬譜范圍內(nèi)的透射效率能保持在95%以上,且入射角度在-40度到+40度范圍內(nèi)反射率能維持在5%以下,從而能獲得了所需的總衍射帶寬、角度譜和偏振特性。(2)為了使得從上層光柵透射進(jìn)入太陽(yáng)能薄膜電池的光能被有效吸收,論文在有源層下底面設(shè)計(jì)了一種微納多齒光柵反射鏡,該反射鏡在400-1200納米波段范圍內(nèi),入射角度±35度之后反射率達(dá)90%以上,該微納多齒光柵反射鏡能使得透射光再次反射回硅有源層而被吸收。(3)為了能充分發(fā)揮上、下層光柵的作用,論文在硅太陽(yáng)能電池有源層上下表面引入上述二維微納多齒光柵,探索利用光柵衍射和諧振原理來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)寬帶、大角度、全偏振光捕獲吸收,以獲得光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的顯著提升。分析表明,當(dāng)上層微納多齒光柵結(jié)構(gòu)高度為340納米時(shí),硅有源層平均吸收效率可達(dá)81.8%。由此可見(jiàn),入射陽(yáng)光在頂部和底部二維微納多齒光柵的共同作用下,與太陽(yáng)能電池硅吸收層相互作用的光程可大大增加,從而能有效的提高光電轉(zhuǎn)換性能。
[Abstract]:Solar thin-film cells have attracted much attention because of their small size, low energy consumption and relatively simple fabrication process. However, the absorptivity of solar thin film cell semiconductor materials at the edge of the band gap is not high, especially for the indirect band gap silicon material, which greatly affects the optical absorption efficiency of the thin film cell. Therefore, it is important to enhance the absorption efficiency of solar thin film cells for improving their photoelectric conversion performance. In view of this, the thesis is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11264031), the important Project of Jiangxi Province Youth Science Foundation (20143ACB21011), the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20151BAB207054n20114BAB201019), the Graduate Innovation Foundation of Nanchang University of Aeronautics and Aviation and the doctoral Start-up Fund (YC2015042EEA201008232). The principle of grating diffraction and resonance is used to realize the acquisition and absorption of wide-band, large-angle and all-polarized light, so as to achieve a remarkable improvement in the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) A wideband micro-nano two-dimensional multi-tooth grating notch device is designed on the silicon active layer of solar thin film cell. Theoretical analysis shows that the transmission efficiency of the device can be kept above 95% in the wide spectrum range of 300 ~ 1200 nm. The reflectivity of the incident angle can be kept below 5% in the range of -40 degrees to 40 degrees, thus the required total diffraction bandwidth can be obtained. Angle spectrum and polarization characteristics. (2) in order to effectively absorb the light energy transmitted from the upper layer grating to the solar thin film cell, a micro nanodentate grating reflector is designed at the bottom of the active layer. The mirror is in the range of 400-1200 nm. The reflectivity is over 90% after the incident angle of 鹵35 degrees. The mirror can make the transmitted light reflect back to the active silicon layer again and be absorbed. (3) in order to give full play to the role of the lower layer grating, In this paper, the two dimensional micro nano multitooth grating is introduced into the upper and lower surface of the active layer of the silicon solar cell, and the principle of grating diffraction and resonance is explored to achieve wide band, large angle, full polarized light capture and absorption, so as to achieve a remarkable improvement of the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The results show that the average absorption efficiency of the silicon active layer can reach 81.8when the structure height of the superstructure is 340 nm. It can be seen that the optical path of the interaction between the incident sunlight and the silicon absorption layer of the solar cell can be greatly increased under the joint action of the top and bottom two-dimensional micro-nano multitooth grating, which can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM914.4

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