花莊沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)熱穩(wěn)定性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 11:04
【摘要】：為找出寒冷季節(jié)大中型沼氣工程發(fā)酵溫度低的原因,本文通過對花莊沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀的穩(wěn)定性研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)排出沼液所導致的熱損是影響系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的主要因素,根據(jù)“溫度對口、能量梯級利用”的原則,構(gòu)建沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)耦合吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng),利用熱泵提供大量品位較低的熱能預熱進料,實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的補能以減少進出料對系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的影響,并對比分析系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化前后穩(wěn)定性,進料的補能可以彌補出料熱損的影響就能夠解決大中型沼氣工程穩(wěn)定性問題,出料熱損是影響大中型沼氣工程穩(wěn)定性最重要的因素,故可為今后沼氣工程的設(shè)計優(yōu)化提供依據(jù),本文主要的研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)果如下:(1)本文以花莊荷斯坦奶牛繁育示范中心的沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)為研究對象,通過對系統(tǒng)運行9年以來的數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,可得出系統(tǒng)主要熱損來源于發(fā)酵塔、儲氣塔和出料,在寒冷季節(jié)發(fā)酵塔熱損占總熱損的13.0%~19.2%,儲氣塔熱損4.1%~9.9%,而出料熱損70.9%~82.9%,通過重點分析2015年11月至2016年1月的數(shù)據(jù),可得寒冷季節(jié)發(fā)酵塔平均溫度23.6℃,2#發(fā)酵塔的平均產(chǎn)氣量226m3/d,由于發(fā)酵塔保溫措施較好自身熱損不大,說明出料所導致的熱損對系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性影響最大,也是導致花莊沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)運行現(xiàn)狀均不能達到設(shè)計要求的主要原因。(2)針對花莊沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)出料所導致的穩(wěn)定性問題進行優(yōu)化改造,通過對酸化池進行保溫處理,并構(gòu)建沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)耦合吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng),利用吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng)提供的33.7℃循環(huán)水在酸化池內(nèi)對進料預熱,既實現(xiàn)對系統(tǒng)的補能又實現(xiàn)能量的綜合梯級利用,對比系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化前后穩(wěn)定性可得,優(yōu)化后發(fā)酵溫度基本可實現(xiàn)寒冷季節(jié)35℃中溫發(fā)酵的要求,且單個塔的產(chǎn)氣量在523.6m3/d左右,通過實現(xiàn)對進料的預熱補能,有效解決出料熱損大對發(fā)酵系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的影響。(3)花莊沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)發(fā)電效率30%左右,熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)效率僅為50.3%~67.4%,通過構(gòu)建沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)耦合吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng),保證系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運行的同時,由于存在熱泵的補能現(xiàn)象,熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)效率可達91.8%,吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng)利用內(nèi)燃機的627℃的煙氣作為驅(qū)動熱源,制熱性能系數(shù)2.12,可向系統(tǒng)提供7111.82MJ/d的熱量,滿足每個發(fā)酵塔35℃時4743.31MJ/d的需熱量,遠超優(yōu)化前2508.92MJ/d,優(yōu)化后系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定運行,同時也有效地保證其經(jīng)濟性,其中沼液沼渣還田收益21.9萬元,電力上網(wǎng)收益28.47萬元,節(jié)約煤炭費用3.8萬元,減少排污費36.12萬元,沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的推廣應(yīng)用奠定物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。本課題創(chuàng)新點:針對花莊沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)工藝流程及結(jié)構(gòu)存在的問題,定量分析系統(tǒng)熱損及其原因,通過構(gòu)建沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)耦合吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng),對比分析系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化前后熱穩(wěn)定性,并進行相關(guān)熱性能與經(jīng)濟性分析,對今后沼氣工程優(yōu)化改造具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the reason of low fermentation temperature of large and medium-sized biogas project in cold season, this paper studies the stability of Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system and finds that the heat loss caused by discharging biogas slurry is the main factor affecting the stability of the system. Received heat pump system, using heat pump to provide a large number of low-grade thermal energy preheating feed, to achieve system supplement to reduce the impact of feed and discharge on the stability of the system, and comparative analysis of the stability of the system before and after optimization, feed supplement energy can make up for the impact of discharge heat loss can solve the stability of large and medium-sized biogas project, discharge heat loss It is the most important factor affecting the stability of large and medium-sized biogas projects, so it can provide a basis for the design and optimization of biogas projects in the future. The main research contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) This paper takes the biogas cogeneration system of Holstein Dairy Cattle Breeding Demonstration Center in Huazhuang as the research object, and divides the data of the system for 9 years. The results show that the main heat loss of the system comes from the fermentation tower, the gas storage tower and the discharging tower. The heat loss of the fermentation tower accounts for 13.0%~19.2% of the total heat loss in the cold season, the heat loss of the gas storage tower is 4.1%~9.9%, and the heat loss of the discharging tower is 70.9%~82.9%. The output of gas is 226m3/d, and the heat loss caused by the heat preservation measures of the fermentation tower is small, which indicates that the heat loss caused by discharging has the greatest influence on the stability of the system, and is also the main reason that the operation status of the Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system can not meet the design requirements. (2) The stability of the Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system caused by discharging. Through the heat preservation treatment of the acidizing pool and the construction of the coupled absorption heat pump system of the methane heat and power generation, the feed is preheated in the acidizing pool with 33.7 C circulating water provided by the absorption heat pump system, which can not only make up the energy of the system but also realize the comprehensive cascade utilization of the energy. The stability of the system before and after optimization is compared. The results show that the optimized fermentation temperature can basically meet the requirement of 35 C medium temperature fermentation in cold season, and the gas yield of a single tower is about 523.6 m3/d. By preheating and energy supplement to the feed, the influence of large heat loss of the discharged material on the stability of fermentation system can be effectively solved. (3) The power generation efficiency of Huazhuang biogas-fired cogeneration system is about 30%, and the cogeneration efficiency is only about 50%. 50.3% ~ 67.4%. By constructing the coupled absorption heat pump system of biogas-fired cogeneration, the system can run stably. At the same time, the cogeneration efficiency can reach 91.8% due to the supplementary energy of heat pump. The absorption heat pump system uses the flue gas of 627 C of internal combustion engine as the driving heat source, and the coefficient of performance is 2.12, which can provide 7111.82 MJ/d heat to the system. The optimized system can realize stable operation and effectively ensure its economy. Among them, the returning of biogas slurry and biogas residue is 219,000 yuan, the returning of electricity is 2847,000 yuan, the coal cost is saved 38,000 yuan, the sewage discharge fee is reduced 360,200 yuan, and the biogas-heat-power coupling is also reduced. The innovation point of this subject: In view of the problems existing in the process and structure of Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system, the heat loss of the system and its causes are analyzed quantitatively. Through the construction of biogas cogeneration coupled absorption heat pump system, the thermal stability of the system before and after optimization is compared and analyzed, and the related thermal performance is carried out. And economic analysis will be of some reference value for the optimization and transformation of biogas projects in the future.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S216.4;TM611.25
本文編號：2178857
[Abstract]:In order to find out the reason of low fermentation temperature of large and medium-sized biogas project in cold season, this paper studies the stability of Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system and finds that the heat loss caused by discharging biogas slurry is the main factor affecting the stability of the system. Received heat pump system, using heat pump to provide a large number of low-grade thermal energy preheating feed, to achieve system supplement to reduce the impact of feed and discharge on the stability of the system, and comparative analysis of the stability of the system before and after optimization, feed supplement energy can make up for the impact of discharge heat loss can solve the stability of large and medium-sized biogas project, discharge heat loss It is the most important factor affecting the stability of large and medium-sized biogas projects, so it can provide a basis for the design and optimization of biogas projects in the future. The main research contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) This paper takes the biogas cogeneration system of Holstein Dairy Cattle Breeding Demonstration Center in Huazhuang as the research object, and divides the data of the system for 9 years. The results show that the main heat loss of the system comes from the fermentation tower, the gas storage tower and the discharging tower. The heat loss of the fermentation tower accounts for 13.0%~19.2% of the total heat loss in the cold season, the heat loss of the gas storage tower is 4.1%~9.9%, and the heat loss of the discharging tower is 70.9%~82.9%. The output of gas is 226m3/d, and the heat loss caused by the heat preservation measures of the fermentation tower is small, which indicates that the heat loss caused by discharging has the greatest influence on the stability of the system, and is also the main reason that the operation status of the Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system can not meet the design requirements. (2) The stability of the Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system caused by discharging. Through the heat preservation treatment of the acidizing pool and the construction of the coupled absorption heat pump system of the methane heat and power generation, the feed is preheated in the acidizing pool with 33.7 C circulating water provided by the absorption heat pump system, which can not only make up the energy of the system but also realize the comprehensive cascade utilization of the energy. The stability of the system before and after optimization is compared. The results show that the optimized fermentation temperature can basically meet the requirement of 35 C medium temperature fermentation in cold season, and the gas yield of a single tower is about 523.6 m3/d. By preheating and energy supplement to the feed, the influence of large heat loss of the discharged material on the stability of fermentation system can be effectively solved. (3) The power generation efficiency of Huazhuang biogas-fired cogeneration system is about 30%, and the cogeneration efficiency is only about 50%. 50.3% ~ 67.4%. By constructing the coupled absorption heat pump system of biogas-fired cogeneration, the system can run stably. At the same time, the cogeneration efficiency can reach 91.8% due to the supplementary energy of heat pump. The absorption heat pump system uses the flue gas of 627 C of internal combustion engine as the driving heat source, and the coefficient of performance is 2.12, which can provide 7111.82 MJ/d heat to the system. The optimized system can realize stable operation and effectively ensure its economy. Among them, the returning of biogas slurry and biogas residue is 219,000 yuan, the returning of electricity is 2847,000 yuan, the coal cost is saved 38,000 yuan, the sewage discharge fee is reduced 360,200 yuan, and the biogas-heat-power coupling is also reduced. The innovation point of this subject: In view of the problems existing in the process and structure of Huazhuang biogas cogeneration system, the heat loss of the system and its causes are analyzed quantitatively. Through the construction of biogas cogeneration coupled absorption heat pump system, the thermal stability of the system before and after optimization is compared and analyzed, and the related thermal performance is carried out. And economic analysis will be of some reference value for the optimization and transformation of biogas projects in the future.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S216.4;TM611.25
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