【摘要】：環(huán)境污染問題和能源危機日趨嚴重,影響了汽車工業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。電動汽車是一種綠色、經(jīng)濟的交通工具,因此近年來逐漸贏得了市場并被廣泛使用。動力電池是電動汽車的重要儲能元件,電動汽車的正常運行和良好工作與動力電池自身的性能和充放電特性息息相關。作為電動汽車儲能元件的鋰離子電池正被廣泛應用,研究鋰離子電池高效安全的快速充電方法十分重要�，F(xiàn)有快速充電方法充電速度較快,但在平衡充電效率和消除極化關系的問題上還需進一步完善。本文主要研究了基于改進的田口法(ITM)的五階恒流快速充電方法,其中運用模糊控制技術去電池極化,從而提高充電速度和充電效率,減小電池最大溫升,延長鋰離子電池的使用壽命。具體完成的研究內(nèi)容如下:1、選擇鋰離子電池為研究對象,分析了其工作原理、充放電特性以及影響因素,研究了鋰離子電池極化現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生機理、原則及消除方法。2、介紹了現(xiàn)有快速充電方法的優(yōu)缺點和用大電流充電來提高鋰離子電池的充電效率的難點,重點研究了五階恒流快速充電方法的原理,研究采用田口法(TM)正交實驗技術和鋰離子電池RC等效電路模型來確定五階恒流電流大小的優(yōu)化值,同時適時添加間歇和負脈沖來實現(xiàn)去電池的極化。3、研究極化程度的確定及去極化方法。本文設計兩個模糊控制器分別決定給予負脈沖的時機和負脈沖去極化的寬度。通過實驗確定了包括五階電流優(yōu)化值、間歇時長以及負脈沖幅值、去極化時機及負脈沖寬度在內(nèi)的基于ITM的鋰離子電池五階恒流快速充電方法的優(yōu)化充電模式。最后通過對比實驗,驗證了設計的基于ITM的鋰離子電池五階恒流快速充電方法的有效性,相比傳統(tǒng)五階恒流充電方法和基于TM的五階恒流快速充電方法,該方法充電時間分別縮短了33.9%和8.8%,充電效率分別提高了1.0%和0.5%,最大溫升分別降低了26.3%和17.6%。4、建立基于ITM的鋰離子電池五階恒流快速充電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)框圖,設計了主電路、各組成子電路以及部分軟件實現(xiàn)圖,最后搭建鋰離子電池硬件實驗平臺,測試了基于ITM的鋰離子電池五階恒流快速充電系統(tǒng)的功能。本文所做的研究適用的系統(tǒng)包括采用動力電池作為儲能裝置的電動汽車、便攜式電子設備、不間斷電源等。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution and energy crisis are becoming more and more serious, which affects the sustainable development of automobile industry. Electric vehicle is a green and economical means of transportation, so it has gradually won the market and been widely used in recent years. Power battery is an important energy storage component of electric vehicle. The normal operation and good work of electric vehicle are closely related to the performance and charge-discharge characteristics of power battery itself. Lithium ion batteries, which are the energy storage components of electric vehicles, are being widely used. It is very important to study the efficient and safe rapid charging methods of lithium ion batteries. The current rapid charging method is fast, but it needs to be further improved in balancing charging efficiency and eliminating polarization relationship. In this paper, the fifth order constant current fast charging method based on the improved Taguchi method (ITM) is studied, in which the fuzzy control technique is used to depolarization the battery so as to improve the charging speed and charging efficiency and reduce the maximum temperature rise of the battery. Prolong the service life of lithium ion battery. The specific contents of the research are as follows: 1. The working principle, charge-discharge characteristics and influencing factors of lithium ion battery are analyzed, and the mechanism of polarization phenomenon of lithium ion battery is studied. This paper introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the existing rapid charging methods and the difficulties of using high current charging to improve the charging efficiency of lithium-ion batteries, and emphatically studies the principle of the five-order constant current fast charging method. In this paper, Taguchi (TM) orthogonal experiment and RC equivalent circuit model of lithium ion battery are used to determine the optimal value of the fifth order constant current. At the same time, intermittent and negative pulses are added to realize depolarization. 3. The determination of polarization degree and depolarization method are studied. In this paper, two fuzzy controllers are designed to determine the timing of the negative pulse and the width of the depolarization of the negative pulse, respectively. The optimal charging mode of the five-order constant current fast charging method for lithium ion battery based on ITM was determined by experiments including the optimization value of five-order current, the interval length, the amplitude of negative pulse, the time of depolarization and the width of negative pulse. Finally, the validity of the proposed method based on ITM is verified by comparing with the traditional five order constant current charging method and the TM based five order constant current fast charging method. The charging time of this method is reduced by 33.9% and 8.8%, the charging efficiency is increased by 1.0% and 0.5%, the maximum temperature rise is reduced by 26.3% and 17.60.4. the structure block diagram of the five-order constant current rapid charging system for lithium ion battery based on ITM is established, and the main circuit is designed. Finally, the hardware experiment platform of lithium ion battery is built, and the function of the five-order constant current rapid charging system based on ITM is tested. The research in this paper includes electric vehicle, portable electronic equipment, uninterruptible power supply and so on.
【學位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM912

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本文編號：2174340