【摘要】：光伏能源發(fā)展迅速,已經(jīng)成為世界上最主要的可再生能源之一。光伏陣列是光伏能源利用的主要形式,其主要輸出特性受光伏陣列本身的參數(shù)和外界環(huán)境條件變化的影響,在工程實踐或者科學(xué)研究中有時不方便直接使用光伏陣列進(jìn)行測試。為此,本文設(shè)計了一款數(shù)字式光伏陣列模擬器,可模擬在不同光照和溫度條件下,不同參數(shù)的光伏陣列的輸出特性,用于工程試驗或?qū)嶒炇已芯�。首�?本文簡要介紹了世界能源的發(fā)展概況和光伏陣列模擬器的發(fā)展背景、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢,明確了研究價值和意義。分析了光伏電池的工作原理,詳細(xì)介紹了光伏電池的分類。之后建立光伏電池的等效電路圖,并推導(dǎo)出光伏電池的輸出特性表達(dá)式,繪制出光伏陣列的理想I-V和P-V特性輸出曲線。采用自動分段多項式擬合的算法對輸出特性曲線進(jìn)行擬合,改進(jìn)了傳統(tǒng)算法的不足。設(shè)計BUCK電路作為光伏陣列的主電路,對主電路拓?fù)渲械碾娏﹄娮釉骷M(jìn)行參數(shù)計算及選型。設(shè)計了主控制系統(tǒng)的外圍電路,以及信號檢測電路、驅(qū)動電路等周邊電路。使用Kingview軟件設(shè)計了人機交互界面,可方便更改光伏陣列以及外部環(huán)境條件的參數(shù),能夠?qū)崟r顯示輸出電壓、電流及功率狀態(tài),并且添加了實時曲線和歷史曲線,方便對光伏陣列的工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行研究分析。最后,使用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)一步驗證了光伏陣列的數(shù)學(xué)模型,設(shè)計了SIMULINK仿真電路對硬件設(shè)計進(jìn)行仿真,研制了原理性樣機進(jìn)行試驗。仿真結(jié)果和試驗結(jié)果符合設(shè)計預(yù)期,證明了設(shè)計的數(shù)字式光伏陣列模擬器能夠很好的完成對光伏陣列的模擬。
[Abstract]:Photovoltaic energy has developed rapidly and has become one of the most important renewable energy sources in the world. Photovoltaic array is the main form of photovoltaic energy utilization. Its main output characteristics are affected by the parameters of photovoltaic array itself and the external environmental conditions. It is not convenient to directly use photovoltaic array in engineering practice or scientific research. In this paper, a digital photovoltaic array simulator is designed, which can simulate the output characteristics of photovoltaic array with different parameters under different light and temperature conditions, and can be used in engineering experiments or laboratory research. First of all, this paper briefly introduces the development of the world's energy sources and the background, current situation and development trend of photovoltaic array simulator, and clarifies the value and significance of the research. The working principle of photovoltaic cells is analyzed, and the classification of photovoltaic cells is introduced in detail. After that, the equivalent circuit diagram of photovoltaic cell is established, and the output characteristic expression of photovoltaic cell is deduced, and the ideal I-V and P-V characteristic output curves of photovoltaic array are drawn. The automatic piecewise polynomial fitting algorithm is used to fit the output characteristic curve, which improves the shortcomings of the traditional algorithm. BUCK circuit is designed as the main circuit of photovoltaic array. The parameters of power electronic components in the main circuit topology are calculated and selected. The peripheral circuit of the main control system, signal detection circuit, driving circuit and other peripheral circuits are designed. The human-computer interface is designed by using Kingview software, which can easily change the parameters of photovoltaic array and external environment conditions, can display output voltage, current and power state in real time, and add real-time curve and history curve. It is convenient to study and analyze the working state of photovoltaic array. Finally, the mathematical model of photovoltaic array is further verified by using MATLAB software. The simulation circuit of SIMULINK is designed to simulate the hardware design, and the principle prototype is developed to carry out the experiment. The simulation results and the experimental results are in line with the design expectation. It is proved that the digital photovoltaic array simulator can simulate the photovoltaic array well.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM615;TM914.4

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