【摘要】：自工業(yè)化以來,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會在快速發(fā)展的同時,伴隨著的是對能源的不斷消耗和環(huán)境的日益惡化。為緩解資源緊張和改善環(huán)境,清潔分布式新能源供電技術(shù)已成為聯(lián)合供電系統(tǒng)的研究熱點(diǎn)。在直流微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中,一些分布式能源因受到某些環(huán)境因素的制約而具有不確定性、隨機(jī)性等特點(diǎn),直接接入將會對系統(tǒng)造成沖擊。采用直流微網(wǎng)供電網(wǎng)絡(luò),匯集各類分布式能源構(gòu)成微網(wǎng)聯(lián)合供電網(wǎng)絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)對各能源特性的充分利用,能有效改善供電可靠性,使系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行更加穩(wěn)定持續(xù)。論文具體研究內(nèi)容包括:1)直流微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中,作為能源匯集器的多輸入直流變換器(Multiple-Input Converter,MIC)相比于單輸入直流變換器,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡潔和低成本等優(yōu)勢。本文在傳統(tǒng)升降壓直流變換器的基礎(chǔ)上,提出一種新型三輸入DC/DC變換器,該變換器具有可實(shí)現(xiàn)升降壓、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、可單獨(dú)或同時向負(fù)載供電等特點(diǎn),分析了其工作原理及穩(wěn)態(tài)特性,提出了其控制策略。在MATLAB/Simulink仿真平臺搭建了三輸入變換器仿真模型,驗(yàn)證理論分析結(jié)果的正確性。2)為充分實(shí)現(xiàn)微網(wǎng)內(nèi)分布式新能源的利用價值,需對微網(wǎng)內(nèi)能源進(jìn)行有效可靠的能源管理。能源管理整體思想為充分利用分布式清潔能源,微網(wǎng)內(nèi)功率波動由儲能單元與配網(wǎng)協(xié)調(diào)控制。本文將雙輸入直流變換器作為微網(wǎng)內(nèi)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的能源匯集器,蓄電池及配網(wǎng)并至直流母線。提出了母線電壓分級控制方法,針對直流母線電壓的變化量,將母線電壓分成6個不同的等級,微網(wǎng)內(nèi)微源依據(jù)實(shí)時母線電壓所在控制等級,變換不同的運(yùn)行模式,協(xié)調(diào)控制各個微源功率輸出,維持微網(wǎng)內(nèi)功率平衡及電壓穩(wěn)定。雙輸入變換器內(nèi)光伏發(fā)電單元采用擾動觀察法MPPT控制,實(shí)時輸出最大功率,風(fēng)力發(fā)電單元采用母線恒壓控制,對蓄電池采用恒流恒壓/電壓下垂控制。最后在MATLAB仿真平臺搭建了基于MIC的樓宇直流微網(wǎng)仿真模型,通過仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證能源管理策略的合理性。
[Abstract]:Since industrialization, the world economy and society have developed rapidly, accompanied by the constant consumption of energy and the worsening of the environment. In order to alleviate the shortage of resources and improve the environment, clean and distributed new energy supply technology has become the research hotspot of the joint power supply system. In DC microgrid systems, some distributed energy sources are uncertain and random due to some environmental factors. Direct access will impact the system. The DC microgrid power supply network is used to combine all kinds of distributed energy sources to form a combined micro-grid power supply network, which can make full use of the energy characteristics, effectively improve the reliability of power supply, and make the system run more steadily and continuously. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Multiple-Input converters, as energy converters, have the advantages of simple structure and low cost compared with single-input DC / DC converters. In this paper, a novel three-input DC/DC converter is proposed based on the traditional up-down DC / DC converter. The converter has the advantages of realizing voltage lifting, simple structure, and can supply power to load alone or simultaneously. Its working principle and steady state characteristic are analyzed, and its control strategy is put forward. The simulation model of three-input converter is built on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis result .2) in order to fully realize the utilization value of distributed new energy in microgrid, it is necessary to effectively and reliably manage the energy source in microgrid. The overall idea of energy management is to make full use of distributed clean energy, and the power fluctuation in the microgrid is controlled by the energy storage unit and the distribution network. In this paper, the dual-input DC / DC converter is used as the energy collector, battery and distribution network of the micro-grid generation system to the DC bus. A bus voltage hierarchical control method is proposed. According to the variation of DC bus voltage, the bus voltage is divided into six different grades. The microsource in the microgrid transforms different operation modes according to the control level of the real-time bus voltage. Coordinate and control the power output of each microsource to maintain the power balance and voltage stability in the microgrid. In the dual-input converter, the photovoltaic unit is controlled by MPPT method of disturbance observation, and the maximum power is output in real time. The wind power unit is controlled by bus constant voltage, and the battery is controlled by constant current and constant voltage / voltage sag. Finally, a building DC microgrid simulation model based on MIC is built on the MATLAB simulation platform, and the simulation results verify the rationality of the energy management strategy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM46

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