發(fā)布時間：2018-07-31 17:43

【摘要】：隨著我國特高壓輸電系統(tǒng)的大力發(fā)展和智能變電站廣泛推廣建設(shè),中國電力特高壓電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用已經(jīng)邁入國際領(lǐng)先水平。電力系統(tǒng)的運轉(zhuǎn)離不開堅強(qiáng)的電網(wǎng)骨架和精良的一次設(shè)備,變壓器作為電力系統(tǒng)中電壓等級變換的重要設(shè)備,其安全運行關(guān)系到整個電力系統(tǒng)能否連續(xù)穩(wěn)定的工作。差動保護(hù)作為電力變壓器的主保護(hù),其動作的可靠性決定了電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行。但是在實際工程中,由于安全措施執(zhí)行不到位,工程驗收、技改中試驗不仔細(xì),帶負(fù)荷向量測試工作操作失誤,電流互感器保護(hù)繞組與測量繞組使用錯誤,差動電流回路存在多個接地點,空載合閘時變壓器產(chǎn)生勵磁涌流,智能化變電站運行經(jīng)驗不足,在操作中SV軟壓板投退不合理等因素引起差動保護(hù)誤動作情況仍有發(fā)生,因此論文研究具有重要實用價值和一定理論研究意義。首先,論文對不同接線方式下變壓器差動保護(hù)范圍進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的研究,得出其保護(hù)范圍在各側(cè)電流互感器所包含的區(qū)間,從而判斷故障時變壓器差動保護(hù)動作正確性;其次,對變壓器差動保護(hù)的原理、勵磁涌流判據(jù)波形對稱原理、二次諧波制動原理和間斷角原理以及差流平衡補(bǔ)償方法進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,對兩種比率制動差動保護(hù)動作特性以及動作實現(xiàn)邏輯進(jìn)行深入探討;著重選取工程應(yīng)用中典型的國電南自PST1200系列保護(hù)裝置,對其校驗時所做安全措施和校驗方法進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明,為工程人員在現(xiàn)場設(shè)備維護(hù)中提供參考建議。最后,論文針對工程中發(fā)生的二次回路多點接地引起干擾電流、主變差動保護(hù)各側(cè)流變變比極性接線不一致、智能變電站主變保護(hù)單側(cè)SV接收軟壓板未投入、電流互感器選錯準(zhǔn)確等級、空載合閘變壓器產(chǎn)生勵磁涌流等原因造成差動保護(hù)誤動作典型案例,詳細(xì)分析其誤動原因,并結(jié)合常見保護(hù)誤動案例,提出以帶負(fù)荷向量測試為代表的一些在工程中有效防止變壓器差動保護(hù)誤動作的防范措施。
[Abstract]:With the development of UHV transmission system in China and the widespread construction of intelligent substation, the research and application of UHV power grid technology in China has entered the international leading level. The operation of power system can not be separated from strong network skeleton and excellent primary equipment. As an important equipment of voltage grade transformation in power system, its safe operation is related to whether the whole power system can work continuously and stably. As the main protection of power transformer, the reliability of differential protection determines the stable operation of power system. But in the actual engineering, due to the lack of safety measures, the acceptance of the project, the inattention of the test in the technical reform, the error in the operation of the test with load vector, the wrong use of the protective winding and the measuring winding of the current transformer, There are many locations in differential current circuit, excitation inrush current is produced by transformer when no load is closed, operation experience of intelligent substation is not enough, and the maloperation of differential protection is still occurred due to some factors, such as unreasonable operation of SV soft voltage plate in operation, etc. Therefore, the thesis research has important practical value and certain theoretical significance. Firstly, the paper studies the range of transformer differential protection in different connection modes in detail, and gets the range of transformer differential protection in each side of current transformer, so as to judge the correctness of transformer differential protection operation when the fault occurs. The principle of transformer differential protection, the principle of waveform symmetry of excitation inrush current criterion, the principle of second harmonic braking, the principle of discontinuous angle and the compensation method of differential current balance are analyzed in detail. In this paper, the action characteristics and actualization logic of two kinds of ratio braking differential protection are discussed in depth, and the typical PST1200 series protective devices in engineering application are selected, and the safety measures and calibration methods are explained in detail. Provide reference advice for engineers in site equipment maintenance. Finally, aiming at the interference current caused by multi-point grounding in secondary circuit, the rheological ratio polarity of main transformer differential protection is not consistent, and the single side SV receiving soft voltage plate of main transformer protection in intelligent substation is not put into operation. The typical cases of differential protection maloperation caused by the accurate grade of current transformer selection and excitation inrush of no-load closing transformer are analyzed in detail, and combined with common protection misoperation cases, the typical cases of differential protection maloperation are analyzed in detail. This paper puts forward some preventive measures which are represented by load vector test to prevent transformer differential protection from maloperation effectively in engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM774

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