發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-29 16:13

【摘要】：目前,在我國(guó)的電力行業(yè)中,以燃用化石燃料為主的火力發(fā)電廠仍占總裝機(jī)容量的65%左右,是環(huán)境污染的重要來(lái)源。在治理環(huán)境污染和提高電廠效率方面都落后于國(guó)外,隨著我國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)法律的逐漸健全,對(duì)火電廠污染物排放的要求也逐漸提高。而作為減少火電廠CO2排放的最好辦法之一,富氧燃煤技術(shù)越來(lái)越受到廣大學(xué)者的關(guān)注,它是采用鍋爐尾部煙氣中的一部分循環(huán)煙氣和空氣分離獲得的氧氣構(gòu)成富氧氣體,作為爐內(nèi)燃燒煤粉的氧化劑,從而可以提高二氧化碳在煙氣中的份額,然后對(duì)煙氣進(jìn)行壓縮和純化處理,即可實(shí)現(xiàn)CO2零排放。700℃超超臨界二次再熱技術(shù)具有較高的循環(huán)效率和二氧化碳減排等優(yōu)點(diǎn),可以彌補(bǔ)富氧燃煤鍋爐機(jī)組循環(huán)效率低的缺陷。將這兩種技術(shù)結(jié)合起來(lái),即可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)于火力發(fā)電節(jié)能減排的要求,因此,700℃超超臨界二次再熱富氧燃煤鍋爐機(jī)組的設(shè)計(jì)以及運(yùn)行特性的研究,對(duì)于燃煤電廠的發(fā)展和突破至關(guān)重要。本文首先以富氧燃煤鍋爐機(jī)組的工作機(jī)理為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)鍋爐容量、參數(shù)和燃料特性,從爐膛結(jié)構(gòu)、主要設(shè)備的選型以及各受熱面的布置等方面,對(duì)700℃超超臨界二次再熱富氧燃煤鍋爐機(jī)組進(jìn)行初步設(shè)計(jì);然后將鍋爐機(jī)組分解成若干子系統(tǒng),建立各子系統(tǒng)的過(guò)程和設(shè)備的動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)學(xué)模型,并利用Fortran語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)其仿真算法,借助一體化模型開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)GenSystem建立各系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,根據(jù)各系統(tǒng)之間實(shí)際運(yùn)行的關(guān)聯(lián)將其相互連接,形成整個(gè)700℃超超臨界二次再熱富氧燃煤鍋爐機(jī)組的仿真模型;然后通過(guò)該模型的計(jì)算,對(duì)機(jī)組的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行修正,使各參數(shù)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)值;最后借助GenSystem仿真支撐平臺(tái),在BMCR工況下,對(duì)該鍋爐機(jī)組中燃燒與風(fēng)煙系統(tǒng)、汽水系統(tǒng)等主要設(shè)備進(jìn)行了仿真試驗(yàn),得到鍋爐機(jī)組主要運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)的變化規(guī)律,分析相關(guān)系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備的運(yùn)行特性。對(duì)今后700℃超超臨界二次再熱富氧燃煤鍋爐機(jī)組的設(shè)計(jì)和安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行具有一定的參考意義。
[Abstract]:At present, the fossil fuel fired thermal power plants still account for about 65% of the total installed capacity in the electric power industry in China, which is an important source of environmental pollution. With the improvement of environmental protection laws in our country, the requirements for pollutant emission from thermal power plants have been gradually raised with the improvement of environmental pollution control and improvement of power plant efficiency. As one of the best ways to reduce CO2 emissions from thermal power plants, oxygen-enriched coal combustion technology has attracted more and more attention of scholars. It uses a part of circulating flue gas from boiler tail gas and oxygen from air separation to form oxygen-enriched gas. As an oxidant for burning pulverized coal in the furnace, the amount of carbon dioxide in the flue gas can be increased, and then the flue gas is compressed and purified. The CO2 zero-emission. 700 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2153222