【摘要】：隨著能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境問題日益嚴(yán)峻,風(fēng)電作為清潔的可再生能源在全球范圍內(nèi)得到了前所未有的關(guān)注。在我國風(fēng)能資源豐富的地區(qū),風(fēng)電的滲透率已經(jīng)超過20%,隨著風(fēng)電裝機(jī)容量的不斷增大以及滲透率的不斷提高,大規(guī)模風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)對電網(wǎng)的頻率安全影響日益顯現(xiàn)。雙饋感應(yīng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組(DFIG,Doubly-FedInductionGenetator)已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)役主流機(jī)型,但是其轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速與電網(wǎng)頻率解耦的控制方式?jīng)Q定了其輸出的有功功率無法響應(yīng)電網(wǎng)的頻率變化,當(dāng)風(fēng)電的滲透率不斷升高時(shí),電網(wǎng)的調(diào)頻壓力不斷增大。因此,研究雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的調(diào)頻技術(shù)以及與同步發(fā)電機(jī)之間的協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)頻策略具有重要意義。本文主要以雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的調(diào)頻控制策略為主要內(nèi)容,在現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,研究雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的調(diào)頻技術(shù)。首先概述了國內(nèi)外風(fēng)電的發(fā)展歷史和趨勢,分析了現(xiàn)有風(fēng)電技術(shù)快速發(fā)展過程中應(yīng)該注意的問題,并對風(fēng)電調(diào)頻的相關(guān)技術(shù)做了綜述。結(jié)合同步發(fā)電機(jī)的頻率響應(yīng)特性,對雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的模擬慣量特性進(jìn)行了理論上的分析。研究了雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的模擬慣量控制,對模擬慣量控制的理論部分進(jìn)行了介紹,給出了相關(guān)的控制框圖,對傳統(tǒng)的槳距角控制方式進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),使其也具備了頻率響應(yīng)能力,并對雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組與同步發(fā)電機(jī)的頻率特性作了比較。本文也分析了風(fēng)電機(jī)組現(xiàn)有的定系數(shù)調(diào)頻的不足之處,進(jìn)一步給出根據(jù)風(fēng)電場中每臺風(fēng)電機(jī)組的當(dāng)前風(fēng)速不斷優(yōu)化其調(diào)差系數(shù)的調(diào)頻策略,使得風(fēng)電場中的調(diào)頻功率可以合理地分配。針對風(fēng)電作為一種新的調(diào)頻電源并入電網(wǎng)時(shí),對雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組與同步發(fā)電機(jī)的協(xié)調(diào)控制理論進(jìn)行了推導(dǎo),在不同的風(fēng)速段根據(jù)雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的不同運(yùn)行方式,定義了調(diào)頻時(shí)的可變調(diào)差系數(shù),并制定了相關(guān)的協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)頻策略,仿真部分基于MATLAB/SIMULINK進(jìn)行了仿真分析,仿真結(jié)果表明,所給出的可變系數(shù)調(diào)頻策略有利于平滑風(fēng)電場的風(fēng)電功率波動,可使雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的儲備功率更加充分地參與調(diào)頻,并有效減輕同步發(fā)電機(jī)的調(diào)頻壓力。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental problems, wind power as a clean renewable energy in the world has received unprecedented attention. In the region rich in wind energy resources, the permeability of wind power has exceeded 20%. With the increasing of installed capacity and permeability of wind power, the influence of large-scale wind power grid on frequency security is becoming more and more obvious. The doubly-fed induction Genetator (DFIGG) has become the mainstream model in active service, but its rotor speed decoupling with the frequency of the power grid determines that the active power output can not respond to the frequency change of the power grid. When the wind power permeability is increasing, The FM pressure of the power grid is increasing. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the FM technology of doubly-fed wind turbine and the coordinated FM strategy with synchronous generator. In this paper, the FM control strategy of doubly-fed wind turbine is taken as the main content. Based on the literature review, the FM technology of doubly-fed wind turbine is studied. Firstly, the development history and trend of wind power at home and abroad are summarized, the problems that should be paid attention to in the rapid development of existing wind power technology are analyzed, and the related technologies of wind power FM are summarized. Combined with the frequency response characteristics of synchronous generator, the simulation inertia characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbine are analyzed theoretically. The simulation inertia control of doubly-fed wind turbine is studied, the theoretical part of the simulation inertia control is introduced, the relevant control block diagram is given, and the traditional control mode of pitch angle is improved to make it have the ability of frequency response. The frequency characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbine and synchronous generator are compared. This paper also analyzes the shortcomings of the existing fixed coefficient frequency modulation (FM) of wind turbine units, and further gives the FM strategy to optimize the difference coefficient according to the current wind speed of each wind turbine in the wind farm. The frequency modulation power in the wind farm can be reasonably distributed. When wind power is incorporated into power network as a new FM power supply, the coordinated control theory between doubly-fed wind turbine and synchronous generator is deduced, and different operation modes of doubly-fed wind turbine are given in different wind speed sections. The variable difference coefficient of frequency modulation is defined, and the corresponding coordinated frequency modulation strategy is worked out. The simulation part is based on MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results show that, The proposed variable coefficient frequency modulation strategy is beneficial to smooth the fluctuation of wind power in wind farm, make the reserve power of doubly-fed wind turbine more fully participate in frequency modulation, and effectively reduce the frequency modulation pressure of synchronous generator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM614

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