【摘要】：太陽能作為新能源的一種越來越受到人們的關注。如何能夠有效地利用這個潔凈的能源是長久以來一直在被研究的課題。光伏發(fā)電因為能夠把太陽能直接轉化成電能而被人們寄予厚望。有機太陽電池因具有制備成本低、生產工藝簡單、可制成大面積柔性器件等特點而受到關注,有機無機雜化鈣鈦礦型太陽電池在短短幾年時間內效率超過了 22%,成為研究的又一熱點。然而有機太陽電池和鈣鈦礦太陽電池均存在穩(wěn)定性差的問題,這對于以后的產業(yè)化非常不利。在這兩類太陽電池器件結構中,與活性層和電極直接接觸的界面對器件的效率和穩(wěn)定性有著極大的影響。因此開發(fā)新型的界面材料對于有機太陽電池和鈣鈥礦太陽電池的研究具有重要的意義。銅的氧化物(CuO_x),包括氧化銅(CuO)和氧化亞銅(Cu20),具有儲量豐富、價格低廉、便于制備等優(yōu)點。但是之前的工作有的采用需要耗費大量能量的蒸鍍法,有的制備方法不利于環(huán)境友好。本文通過一種簡單的方法制備得到CuO_x薄膜作為空穴傳輸層應用于有機太陽電池和鈣鈦礦太陽電池,進一步降低了器件的制備成本,提高了器件的性能和穩(wěn)定性。我們采用了一種綠色、溫和的方法在室溫下制備了 CuO_x陽極修飾層用于高效有機太陽能電池。CuO_x薄膜可以通過在空氣中簡單地旋涂前驅體乙酰丙酮銅(Cu(C5H702)2)(CAA)水溶液得到,不需要退火處理。經過H_2O_2修飾和紫外臭氧處理之后,CuO_x薄膜修飾的ITO電極具有高的功函數(shù)(5.45eV)和高的光透過率。經過器件制備工藝的優(yōu)化,制備了效率達到8.68%的基于PTB7:PC71BM體系的器件,相對于傳統(tǒng)的陽極界面修飾材料PEDOT:PSS的器件效率提高了 10%。此外,使用CuO_x作為陽極修飾層制備的有機太陽能電池器件在空氣中的穩(wěn)定性也高于基于PEDOT:PSS陽極修飾層的器件。通過簡單的低溫溶液法制備了高透光率、高功函、合適的表面性能以及優(yōu)異的電荷提取能力的CuO_x薄膜,將其作為空穴傳輸材料應用于鈣鈦礦MAPbI3太陽電池。CuO_x的高功函使得CuO_x/MAPbI3界面形成歐姆接觸,減少了電壓的損失。由于CuO_x合適的表面性能,在上面生長的MAPbI3薄膜致密、無孔洞且具有晶粒尺寸大、晶界少等優(yōu)點,使得電荷復合減少,因而制備的鈣鈦礦太陽電池器件具有更高的短路電流和開路電壓。再加上CuO_x具有優(yōu)秀的空穴提取能力,基于CuO_x薄膜空穴傳輸層的反型平面異質結結構的鈣鈦礦太陽電池的光電轉換效率高達17.43%,大大高于以PEDOT:PSS作為空穴傳輸材料的電池器件效率(11.98%)�；贑uO_x的鈣鈦礦器件也展現(xiàn)了更加優(yōu)異的空氣穩(wěn)定性,在25℃,濕度為30%的情況下,未經封裝的器件在空氣中放置650 h,仍能保持90%以上的原有效率。
[Abstract]:Solar energy, as a new energy, has attracted more and more attention. How to utilize this clean energy effectively has been studied for a long time. Photovoltaic power generation is highly expected because of its ability to convert solar energy directly into electricity. Organic solar cells have attracted much attention because of their low cost, simple production process and large area flexible devices. The efficiency of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells has exceeded 22% in a few years. However, both organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells have the problem of poor stability, which is very disadvantageous to the industrialization in the future. In these two kinds of solar cell device structures, the direct contact with the active layer and the electrode has a great influence on the efficiency and stability of the device. Therefore, the development of new interface materials is of great significance for the study of organic solar cells and calcium holmium mine solar cells. Copper oxide (CuO_x), including copper oxide (CuO) and cuprous oxide (Cu20), has the advantages of rich reserves, low price and easy preparation. However, some of the previous work is energy consuming evaporation method, some preparation methods are not conducive to environmental friendly. In this paper, CuO_x thin films are prepared by a simple method and used as hole transport layer for organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells, which further reduce the cost of fabrication and improve the performance and stability of the devices. A green and mild method has been used to prepare CuO_x anode modified layer at room temperature for high efficiency organic solar cell. CuO _ x thin film can be obtained by simply spinning the precursor (Cu (C5H702) _ 2) (CAA) solution in air. There is no need for annealing. The ITO electrode modified by H_2O_2 and UV ozone has high work function (5.45eV) and high light transmittance. The device based on PTB7:PC71BM system with an efficiency of 8.68% was fabricated by optimizing the fabrication process. Compared with the traditional anode interface modification material PEDOT:PSS, the device efficiency was increased by 10%. In addition, the stability of organic solar cell devices prepared by using CuO_x as anode modification layer in air is higher than that based on PEDOT:PSS anode modification layer. CuO_x thin films with high transmittance, high work function, suitable surface properties and excellent charge extraction ability were prepared by a simple low-temperature solution method. It is used as a hole transport material in perovskite MAPbI3 solar cell. CuO _ x makes the CuO_x/MAPbI3 interface ohmic contact and reduces the voltage loss. Due to the proper surface properties of CuO_x, the MAPbI3 thin films grown on the surface are compact, have no pores and have the advantages of large grain size and less grain boundary, so the charge recombination is reduced. Therefore, the fabricated perovskite solar cell devices have higher short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage. In addition, CuO_x has excellent hole extraction ability, and the optoelectronic conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells based on CuO_x thin hole transport layer is 17.43, which is much higher than that of PEDOT:PSS (11.98%). The perovskite devices based on CuO_x also show better air stability. At 25 鈩，

本文編號：2145809